两种Zn(Ⅱ)配合物电子结构和光谱性质的理论研究

为了探究Zn(Ⅱ)配合物Zn(ATSM)(A)和Zn(BTSC)(DMSO)(B)的电子结构和光谱性质,采用M06方法优化了它们的基态几何构型,并利用计算得到的电子结构信息绘制了配合物在吸收过程中的电子云分布图.理论模拟出的吸收光谱数据与实验结果吻合较好.而且,在理论上检测到了实验上没有报道到的吸收峰.     

羟烷基胺功能化离子液体吸收SO_2的量子化学计算(英文)

采用量子化学中的密度泛函理论(DFT)对羟烷基胺离子液体(HyAAILs)与二氧化硫(SO2)的相互作用进行了研究.通过几何结构优化,电荷分布和热力学参数计算等来确定离子液体中能够有效吸收SO2的官能团.HyAAILs与SO2反应形成平均距离为0.240nm的S—N键,导致电荷从ILs转移到SO2以及S—O键长和O—S—O键角的改变.气态和液态模型的计算结果表明,标准吉布斯函数变(△G苓)主要取决于阳离子的结构和分子质量.阳离子结构影响了吸收反应能垒,对于三种阳离子体系的反应活化能顺序为:Ea(secondary)Ea(tertiary)Ea(primary).理论计算结果得到了实验数据的验证,羟乙基伯胺离子液体吸收的SO2理论摩尔分数与文献中的实验数据非常接近.本研究提供了一种预测和验证功能离子液体性质的有效方法.     

Zr-X(X=Li,Na,K,Sc,Hf)体系的二元相图理论研究

采用相图计算(CALPHAD:Calculation of phase diagrams)方法对Zr-X(X=Li,Na,K,Sc,Hf)5个二元体系进行了相图热力学研究.基于实验数据,通过热力学优化计算获得了一套描述液相及(αZr),(βZr),(Li),(Na),(K),(αSc),(βSc),(αHf)和(βHf)相的热力学参数.Zr-Li,Zr-Na和Zr-K体系中的气相视为理想气体.与实验相图数据对比发现,本文获得的热力学参数能够准确地描述实验相平衡数据.     

PF(X~3∑~-)的结构、势能函数与光谱常数

运用多种方法、多种基组对PF(X3∑-)的平衡结构进行优化计算.用QCISD/6-311G(df)方法得到的平衡结构为RPF=0.158 9 nm,与实验值RPF=0.158 97 nm进行比较,最为接近,得出QCISD/6-311G(df)基组为最优基组;然后对PF(X3∑-)进行单点能扫描计算,用正规方程组拟合Murrell-Sorbie函数,得到相应电子态的势能函数解析式,由势能函数计算了与PF(X3∑-)态相对应的光谱常数,结果与实验数据较为一致.这些数据为反应动力学提供了理论依据.     

InI分子电子态的CCSD-LRT方法研究

使用单双激发耦合簇线性响应理论(CCSD-LRT),和相对论有效核势(RECP)基组对InI分子Λ-S电子态进行了研究.计算得到了12个价态和4个Rydberg态的势能曲线(PEC),以及包括垂直激发能Te、平衡键长Re以及振动频率ωe和ωeχe在内的光谱常数,与实验数据相当符合.另外,计算得出在1Π态之上33 000 cm－1附近有一些密集的浅势阱电子态,将实验上观测到位于31 500 cm－1附近的连续谱带归属为包括1Π态在内的这些电子态到基态的跃迁.     

单分子正则速率常数理论计算的研究

对单分子反应在不对称Eckart位垒隧道校正的基础上,通过计算累积反应几率N(E),而获得微正则速率常数K(E)和正则速率常数K(T).并设计了完整的计算程序,以HCN→CNH(Ⅰ)及FNC→NCF(Ⅱ)反应为例进行了计算.对于反应(Ⅰ)理论计算结果与实验数据一致,反应(Ⅱ)的计算结果与采用国际通用POLYRATE程序计算的k~(CVT/MEPSAG)(T)值相符合.     

以1,2-二甲基咪唑为配体的双核Co(Ⅱ)配合物的磁性理论研究

采用密度泛函理论结合对称破损态方法(DFT-BS),选取反铁磁双核配合物[Co_2(DMIM)_4(μ-O_2,O,O'-SO_4)_2](DMIM=1,2-二甲基咪唑)为研究对象,通过不同密度泛函方法与基组计算双核Co(Ⅱ)配合物体系的磁耦合常数,并将计算结果与实验数据进行比较,寻找DFT-BS方法下最适合本体系的计算条件.结果表明,3种混合密度泛函DFT(PBE0,B3PW91和B3P86)的计算结果都与实验观测值-28 cm~(-1)符号一致,但只有PBE0方法得到的结果和实验数据吻合程度最好.同时,采用PBE0方法计算所得的交换耦合常数Jab对基组有较大的依赖性.研究表明,单占据分子轨道SOMOs较大的能量劈裂导致了2个Co(Ⅱ)离子之间强的反铁磁相互作用.     

分子筛限域孔道中吡啶的吸附结构和能量

以吸附于ZSM-5孔道中的吡啶分子为例,利用量子化学理论方法考察了计算模型和密度泛函方法的选择对吡啶吸附结构和吸附能的影响,从而为准确计算分子筛限域孔道中客体分子吸附态结构和能量参数提供了依据.计算结果表明,吡啶吸附能随着所选用的分子筛的计算模型(从8T到128T)增大而增大,当选用的孔道结构能够将整个分子筛的孔道结构完全包括进来的时候(72T)达到收敛.与常规的密度泛函方法(B3LYP和M06-2X)相比较,考虑到色散作用校正的B97D泛函方法能够很好地处理分子筛体系中主客体间的长程相互作用和弱相互作用,计算得到的能量数据与实验结果符合得很好.     

(s)-多沙唑嗪的核磁共振理论和实验研究

报道了(s)-多沙唑嗪的1H、13C、DEPT、1H-1H COSY等的NMR波谱数据, 并对1H、13C NMR信号进行了指认. (s)-多沙唑嗪分子中含有9个季碳原子, 其中绝大部分通过常规实验的方法难以指认. 应用量子化学规范不变原子轨道(GIAO)的Becke-3-Lee-Yang-Parr(B3LYP)和Hartree-Fock(HF)方法, 分别在6-21G基组下计算了标题化合物的13C NMR化学位移值. 计算结果表明, 理论计算数据与实验结果吻合较好, 可以帮助对(s)-多沙唑嗪季碳原子NMR位移信号进行指认.     

理论研究晶体场效应和电荷转移效应对Co~(2+)的2p电子X射线L_(2,3)吸收边光谱的影响（英文）

运用多重态计算方法研究了在正八面体对称性的晶体场中Co~(2+)离子的2p电子X射线L~(2,3)吸收边光谱,研究了Co~(2+)离子和周围的配位离子之间的正八面体(Oh)晶体场效应和相应的电荷转移效应对于吸收光谱的影响.系统讨论了在多重态计算中起作用的所有物理参数对CoO和CoCl_2的X射线吸收光谱特性的特定影响及其物理机制.将计算得出的光谱数据和同样具有O_h对称性结构Co~(2+)离子的CoO和CoCl_2实验光谱数据进行了对比,在实验光谱数据中发现的特征被确定为来自不同自旋态,并且光谱强度的变化与晶体场的强度相关,揭示了其中包含的电荷转移效应.本文为低对称性复杂系统的多重态计算提供了一个基础的参考标准,可以适用于含有钴元素或其它过渡金属的复杂体系的X射线吸收光谱的理论计算.     

Neural Network Modeling of Adsorption of Binary Vapour Mixtures

Three neural network models were used for prediction of adsorption equilibria of binary vapour mixtures on an activated carbon. The predictions were compared both with published experimental data and calculated values from the Ideal Adsorption Solution (IAS) model. The neural network was trained using both binary and single component experimental adsorption data. Even for a limited number of data points (about 60) the network models were capable of approximating experimental data very precisely.     

Isobaric vapor–liquid equilibria for the quaternary reactive system: Ethanol + water + ethyl lactate + lactic acid at 101.33 kPa

Isobaric vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) data of the reactive quaternary system ethanol (1) + water (2) + ethyl lactate (3) + lactic acid (4) have been determined experimentally. Additionally, the reaction equilibrium constant was calculated for each VLE experimental data. The experimental VLE data were correlated using the UNIQUAC equation to describe the chemical and phase equilibria simultaneously. For some of the non-reactive binary systems, UNIQUAC binary interaction parameters were obtained from the literature. The rest of the binary UNIQUAC parameters were obtained by correlating the experimental quaternary VLE data obtained in this work. A maximum pressure azeotrope at high water concentration for the binary reactive system ethyl lactate + water has been calculated.     

Thermodynamic study of the vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) data of the mixture formed by diethylenimide oxide with benzene

The thermodynamic evaluation of the experimental vapor?Cliquid equilibrium (VLE) data obtained at 760?mmHg in a recirculatory still, is presented for the binary system formed by diethylenimide oxide with benzene. The experimental VLE data were checked for thermodynamic consistency and reduced to the binary parameters calculated from three activity coefficients models.     

Isobaric (vapour + liquid) equilibria for sulfolane with toluene, ethylbenzene, and isopropylbenzene at 101.33 kPa

Isobaric (vapour + liquid) equilibrium data have been measured for the (toluene + sulfolane), (ethylbenzene + sulfolane), and (isopropylbenzene + sulfolane) binary systems with a modified Rose-Williams still at 101.33 kPa. The experimental data of binary systems were well correlated by the non-random two-liquid (NRTL) and universal quasi-chemical (UNIQUAC) activity coefficient models for the liquid phase. All the experimental results passed the thermodynamic consistency test by the Herington method. Furthermore, the model UNIFAC (Do) group contribution method was used. Sulfolane is treated as a group (TMS), the new group interaction parameters for CH₂–TMS, ACH–TMS and ACCH₂–TMS were regressed from the VLE data of (toluene + sulfolane) and (ethylbenzene + sulfolane) binary systems. Then these group interaction parameters were used to estimate phase equilibrium data of the (isopropylbenzene + sulfolane) binary system. The results showed that the estimated data were in good agreement with the experimental values. The maximum and average absolute deviations of the temperature were 4.50 K and 2.39 K, respectively. The maximum and average absolute deviations for the vapour phase compositions of isopropylbenzene were 0.0237 and 0.0137, respectively.     

Phase equilibria of binary mixtures containing methyl acetate,water, methanol or ethanol at 101.3 kPa

Isobaric vapor–liquid equilibria data at 101.3?kPa were reported for the binary mixtures (methyl acetate?+?(water or methanol or ethanol), methanol?+?(water or ethanol) and (ethanol?+?water)). The experimental data were tested for thermodynamic consistency by means of the Wisniak method and were demonstrated to be consistent. The experimental data were correlated using Wilson, NRTL and UNIQUAC models for the activity coefficients and predicted using the UNIFAC and PSRK equation of state for testing theirs capability. The results show that the obtained data for the studied binary systems are more reliable than other published data.     

Isothermal vapor–liquid equilibria and excess molar volumes for the ternary mixtures containing 2-methyl pyrazine

Isothermal vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) data at 353.15 K and excess molar volumes (V^E) at 298.15 K are reported for the binary systems of ethyl acetate (EA)+cyclohexane and EA+n-hexane and also for the ternary systems of EA+cyclohexane+2-methyl pyrazine (2MP) and EA+n-hexane+2MP. The experimental binary VLE data were correlated with common g^E model equations. The correlated Wilson parameters of the constituent binary systems were used to calculate the phase behavior of the ternary mixtures. The calculated ternary VLE data using Wilson parameters were compared with experimental ternary data. The experimental excess molar volumes were correlated with the Redlich–Kister equation for the binary mixtures, and Cibulka’s equation for the ternary mixtures.     

Isobaric vapor–liquid equilibrium for methyltrichlorosilane–dimethyldichlorosilane–benzene system

Isobaric vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) for the system methyltrichlorosilane–dimethyldichlorosilane–benzene and that of the three binary systems were measured with a new pump-ebulliometer at the pressure of 101.325 kPa. These binary compositions of the equilibrium vapor were calculated according to the Q function of molar excess Gibbs energy by the indirect method and the resulted VLE data agreed well with the thermodynamic consistency. Moreover, the experimental data were correlated with the Wilson, NRTL, Margules and van Laar equations by means of the least-squares fit, the acquired optimal interaction parameters were fitted to experimental vapor–liquid equilibrium data for binary systems. The binary parameters of Wilson equation were also used to calculate the bubble point temperature and the vapor phase composition for the ternary mixtures without any additional adjustment. The predicted vapor–liquid equilibrium for the ternary system accorded well with the experimental results. The separation factor of methyltrichlorosilane against dimethyldichlorosilane in benzene was also reported. The VLE of binary and multilateral systems provided essential theory for the production of the halogenated silane.     

Vapor–liquid equilibria for pentafluoroethane + propane and difluoromethane + propane systems over a temperature range from 253.15 to 323.15 K

This paper provides vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) data obtained for two binary systems of pentafluoroethane (R125)+propane (R290) and difluoromethane (R32)+R290 over a temperature range from 253.15 to 323.15 K. The measurement of VLE was performed at isothermal conditions in a vapor recirculation apparatus. Both systems form azeotropes in the temperature range of this study. The experimental results were well correlated with the Peng–Robinson equation of state (PR EoS) using one parameter van der Waals one fluid model. The binary interaction parameters were optimized using the experimental data of bubble point pressure. A comparison with published experimental VLE data has been carried out by means of the PR equation of state.     

Monte carlo simulation of carboxylic acid phase equilibria

Configurational-bias Monte Carlo simulations were carried out in the Gibbs ensemble to generate phase equilibrium data for several carboxylic acids. Pure component coexistence densities and saturated vapor pressures were determined for acetic acid, propanoic acid, 2-methylpropanoic acid, and pentanoic acid, and binary vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data for the propanoic acid + pentanoic acid and 2-methylpropanoic acid + pentanoic acid systems. The TraPPE-UA force field was used, as it has recently been extended to include parameters for carboxylic acids. To simulate the branched compound 2-methylpropanoic acid, certain minor assumptions were necessary regarding angle and torsion terms involving the -CH- pseudo-atom, since parameters for these terms do not exist in the TraPPE-UA force field. The pure component data showed good agreement with the available experimental data, particularly with regard to the saturated liquid densities (mean absolute errors were less than 1.1%). On average, the predicted critical temperature and density were within 1% of the experimental values. All of the binary simulations showed good agreement with the experimental x-y data. However, the TraPPE-UA force field predicts saturated vapor pressures of pure components that are larger than the experimental values, and consequently the P-x-y and T-x-y data of the binary systems also deviate from the measured data.