超声条件下溶胶-凝胶法制备CaSiO_3∶(Pb,Mn)发光材料的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法并辅以超声技术制备了CaSiO3∶(Pb,Mn)发光材料,对合成物运用荧光光谱、DTA-TG、XRD、FTIR、TEM等手段进行了表征。研究了制备时的物料配比、超声时间及焙烧温度对样品发光强度的影响,找到了最佳的合成条件。结果表明,所得样品其荧光强度约为高温固相法样品的2倍,平均粒径则降低约300 nm。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备稀土无机发光材料及其发光性能的研究

报道了用溶胶-凝胶法制备可用于光转换农膜的稀土无机发光材料, 用荧光分光光度计研究了其发光性能, 并对实验过程中影响样品发光性能的各种因素(体系pH值、反应温度、不同稀土组合)进行了探讨, 得到了优化的实验条件.当控制体系pH=9, 反应温度50 ℃, Eu3+/Y3+ 值为50/50时, 所得样品的发光性能较好.     

白光LED用红色荧光粉CaMoO4：Eu^3＋的制备及发光性能研究

采用柠檬酸溶胶-凝胶法制备了CaMoO4: Eu3 荧光粉,对前驱体进行了差热(DSC)分析,对样品进行了X-射线衍射(XRD)、粒度分析和荧光光谱测定. DSC 和XRD结果表明,在700℃时可得到CaMoO4纯相.粒度分析结果表明随着烧结温度的升高,产物的粒径明显增大,700℃时约为 160 nm,而用固相法在800℃制备的CaMoO4: Eu3 荧光粉的平均粒径明显增大至3μm左右.分别以393 nm 的近紫外光和 464 nm 的可见光激发样品,CaMoO4: Eu3 荧光粉发出明亮的红光,对应于Eu3 的4f - 4f跃迁,当Eu3 的掺杂浓度约为30 mol %时,在616 nm处的发光强度最大.在393,464 nm的吸收分别与目前应用的紫外光和蓝光LED芯片相匹配.因此,这种荧光粉是一种可能应用在白光LED上的红色荧光材料.     

SiO2∶Sm粉体：溶胶-凝胶法制备及特殊荧光性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备SiO2:Sm粉体,通过TG-DSC、FTIR、MAS-NMR、PL对材料的结构和性能进行测试表征.FTIR分析显示样品位于960 cm-1的吸收峰归属于Si-O-Sm键的变形振动,29Si MAS-NMR证实Sm3+进入SiO2网络结构.在380 nm入射光激发下样品产生除Sm3+特征发光以外的蓝绿荧光,对不同Sm3+掺量样品荧光性能进行对比分析,结果表明这种特殊的荧光发射与Si-O-Sm键的形成有关.     

Ag2CO3/ZnBiO复合材料的制备及可见光催化性能的研究

采用新型一锅溶胶-凝胶法制备了Zn掺杂的β-Bi_2O_3(记为ZnBiO),并以ZnBiO为前驱体,利用简单的化学沉淀法制备了不同质量比的Ag_2CO_3/ZnBiO复合材料.通过XRD、SEM、DRS和PL对样品的晶体结构、微观形貌、光吸收能力及荧光性质进行了表征,并通过可见光催化降解亚甲基蓝实验探讨了Ag_2CO_3/ZnBiO复合材料的光催化作用机制.     

溶胶-凝胶工艺制备发光薄膜研究进展

本文综述了通过深胶－凝胶工艺制备发光薄膜的基本过程、薄膜的表征方法、发光薄膜的当前发展及应用情况。依据组成特点,对溶胶－凝胶法制备的发光薄膜乾地了分类阐述,并预言了今后该法制备发光薄膜的发展趋势。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备稀土铽配合物掺杂的发光薄膜

采用溶胶－凝胶法原位制备了稀土配合物掺杂的发光薄膜，薄膜透明均一。结果表明用原位合成法，可以将难溶性稀土羧酸类配合物有效地掺杂到溶胶基质中，荧光光谱分析表明，所得到的薄膜材料在紫外激发下发射出铽离子的特征发射线。     

掺铕Y2O3发光薄膜的制备及发光性能

溶胶-凝胶法;荧光;掺铕Y2O3发光薄膜的制备及发光性能     

三种方法制备CaGdAlO4:Eu3+荧光粉及其发光性质研究

分别采用柠檬酸溶胶-凝胶法、半干半湿法和高温固相法制备了CaGdAlO4：Eu^3＋荧光粉，并用X线衍射（XRD）分析、场发射扫描电镜（FE—SEM）观察和荧光光谱分析研究了不同制备方法和制备条件对CaGdAlO4：Eu^3＋形貌、粒径和发光性质的影响。XRD结果表明，柠檬酸溶胶-胶法、半干半湿法和固相法制备CaGdAlO4：Eu^3＋生成纯相的温度分别为900，1200和1400℃。FE—SEM照片显示CCaGdAlO4：Eu^3＋颗粒粒径随温度的升高而增大，在同一烧结温度下，粒径大小为柠檬酸溶胶-凝胶法最小，半干半湿法居中，高温固相法最大而且团聚现象严重。以280nm近紫外光激发，CaGdAlO4：Eu^3＋发出明亮的橙红色荧光，以Eu^3＋的^5D0→^7F2跃迁为主，发光强度随烧结温度的升高而增加，在1400℃烧结温度下，以半干半湿法得到的样品发光最强。室温和低温发射谱中Eu^3＋的^5D0→^7Fj，发射峰的数目都表明：Eu^3＋在CaGdAlO4中只占据偏离反演中心的一种格位。     

三种方法制备CaGdAlO_4∶Eu~(3+)荧光粉及其发光性质研究

分别采用柠檬酸溶胶-凝胶法、半干半湿法和高温固相法制备了CaGdAlO4∶Eu3+荧光粉,并用X射线衍射(XRD)分析、场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)观察和荧光光谱分析研究了不同制备方法和制备条件对CaGdAlO4∶Eu3+形貌、粒径和发光性质的影响。XRD结果表明,柠檬酸溶胶-凝胶法、半干半湿法和固相法制备CaGdAlO4∶Eu3+生成纯相的温度分别为900,1200和1400℃。FE-SEM照片显示CaGdAlO4∶Eu3+颗粒粒径随温度的升高而增大,在同一烧结温度下,粒径大小为柠檬酸溶胶-凝胶法最小,半干半湿法居中,高温固相法最大而且团聚现象严重。以280 nm近紫外光激发,CaGdAlO4∶Eu3+发出明亮的橙红色荧光,以Eu3+的5D0→7F2跃迁为主,发光强度随烧结温度的升高而增加,在1400℃烧结温度下,以半干半湿法得到的样品发光最强。室温和低温发射谱中Eu3+的5D0→7Fj发射峰的数目都表明:Eu3+在CaGdAlO4中只占据偏离反演中心的一种格位。     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Calculation of enthalpies of hydrogenation of hydrocarbons

Sets of hydrogen molecule equivalents have been developed which permit the calculation of hydrogenation of different types of carbon-carbon bonds from ab initio total energies (3-21G and 6-31G* basis sets, and, to a more limited extent, for MP2/6-31G* data) of reactants and products. The calculated enthalpies of hydrogenation are in good agreement with experiment for unstrained molecules, with average errors on the order of 2 kcal/mol. The 6-31G* equivalents allow the enthalpies for strained molecules to be calculated accurately, but the 3-21G equivalents do not. The equivalents for both basis sets have been tested by calculating the enthalpies of hydrogenation of carbon-carbon bonds in nitrogen- and oxygen-containing organic molecules, free radicals, and classical carbocations. The results are in good agreement with experiment in most cases.     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.