N,N’-二苯基-N,N’-二(9,9-二甲基芴-2-基)-9-己基-(4,4’-二氨基苯基)咔唑的合成

以2,7-二溴咔唑为原料经过N-烷基化、Suzuki偶联反应、Buchwald-Hartwig偶联反应合成了N,N’-二苯基-N,N’-二(9,9-二甲基芴-2-基)-9-己基-(4,4’-二氨基苯基)咔唑。利用NMR、IR和熔点等分析方法对产物结构进行了表征,并通过TG、UV-Vis及荧光光谱研究了化合物的热稳定性和光学性能。该化合物可用作有机发光二极管(OLED)的空穴传输材料。     

2-(11H-苯[a]咔唑)-乙酸在脂肪胺的高效液相色谱分离及质谱鉴定中的应用

采用新型荧光衍生试剂2-(11H-苯[a]咔唑)-乙酸(BCA)进行柱前衍生并经荧光检测对脂肪胺进行高效液相色谱(HPLC)分离和质谱定性.衍生物荧光激发和发射波长为λex=285 nm,λem=384 nm.60 ℃下在乙腈溶剂中用N-乙基-N′-[(3-二甲氨基)丙基]碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)作催化剂, 衍生反应15 min后获得稳定的荧光产物.在Hypersil BDS C18 (4.0 mm×200 mm, 10 μm) 色谱柱上, 采用梯度洗脱对12种脂肪胺衍生物进行了优化分离.采用大气压化学电离源(APCI Source)正离子模式进行质谱定性, 实现了各种脂肪胺衍生物的快速、准确测定.脂肪胺的线性回归系数不小于0.999 8 , 检出限(S/N=3)为5.73 ～31.3 fmol.     

具有聚集诱导发光特性的咔唑衍生物的合成及其理化性质研究

以咔唑、亚芴基肼等为原料,通过suzuki反应合成了2个新型咔唑衍生物:N-乙基-3,6-双(亚芴基肼基-5-亚甲基-2-噻吩)咔唑(S1)和N-(亚芴基肼基-4-亚甲基苯基)-3,6-双(亚芴基肼基-5-亚甲基-2-噻吩)咔唑(S2)。用FTIR、1HNMR、元素分析对S1和S2的结构进行表征,并考察其紫外吸收光谱、荧光光谱、电化学行为和热稳定性。结果表明:S1和S2薄膜的最大发射波长分别在637和649nm处,均发射红色荧光,且S1和S2均具有良好的聚集诱导发光(AIE)特性;S1和S2的HOMO能级分别是-5.26和-5.29e V,与正电极(ITO)的功函数(-4.8 e V)相匹配,可有效降低空穴注入能垒,有利于空穴的传输;S1和S2的热分解温度分别是351和360℃,均具有良好的热稳定性。     

一种苯并咪唑类双极性蓝色磷光主体材料的合成及性能

设计合成了一种基于苯并咪唑的新型双极性蓝色磷光主体材料1-苯基-2-[4-(N-咔唑基)苯基]苯并咪唑(PCPB),并对其结构进行了表征。通过紫外-可见、荧光、低温磷光光谱以及循环伏安法、热重分析、差热分析和密度泛函理论对其性能及结构进行了研究。结果表明,PCPB在CH2Cl2稀溶液中的吸收峰位于296和368 nm,发射峰位于401nm,属于深蓝色荧光;PCPB的低温(77K)磷光光谱的第一吸收峰位于452nm,其三线态能级为2.74e V,与蓝色磷光材料FIrpic(2.62e V)的能级相匹配;PCPB的HOMO主要分布在苯基咔唑单元,而LUMO主要定域在苯并咪唑环上。其HOMO能级为-5.54e V,与阳极ITO的功函(-4.5~-5.0 e V)相匹配,LUMO能级为-2.68e V,接近于电子传输材料PBD(-2.82e V)。PCPB表现出双极传导性能,且热稳定性良好。     

N-(安替比林-4-基)-香豆素-3-甲酰胺的合成及其光学性能

以香豆素-3-甲酰氯和4-氨基安替比林为原料,采用传统加热或无溶剂室温研磨法合成了一种新型的含安替比林基香豆素-酰胺类化合物——N-(安替比林-4-基)-香豆素-3-甲酰胺(3),其结构经1H NMR和FT-IR表征。用UV-Vis和荧光光谱研究了3的光学性能。结果表明:3的λmax位于290 nm,334 nm;在THF中,3的λem位于319 nm(λex=283 nm);固体荧光的最大发射波长位于471 nm(λex=295 nm)。     

3,6-二(蒽醌-2-乙烯基)-N-乙基咔唑的合成及光谱性质研究

利用N-乙基咔唑和2-甲基蒽醌合成了一种A-π-D-π-A分子内电荷转移型化合物3,6-二(蒽醌-2-乙烯基)-N-乙基咔唑,并对该化合物的光化学和光物理行为进行了研究。荧光光谱表明,该化合物的发光行为对溶剂的极性非常敏感,随着溶剂极性的增大,其荧光最大发射峰有明显红移,并在强极性溶剂乙腈中出现了双荧光现象。该化合物的激发态和基态的偶极矩差值△μ为3.014D,发生了从给体(咔唑基)的N原子到分子两端受体(蒽醌)的羰基的分子内电荷转移。     

咔唑-9-乙氧基碳酰肼柱前衍生中性糖的高效液相色谱分析

采用一种新型紫外、荧光衍生试剂咔唑-9-乙氧基碳酰肼(EEOC-Hydrazlde)对5种中性糖(乳糖,甘露糖,葡萄糖,鼠李糖和山梨糖)进行柱前衍生,并通过紫外、荧光检测的方法进行高效液相色谱(HPLC)分析。结果表明：反应温度65℃,时间6．5h,醋酸含量为3．5％(V／V)的条件下,衍生产率可达最大。衍生物的激发和发射波长为λex／λem=293／360nm,紫外检测波长254nm。检出限范围15-60fmol。该方法具有检测灵敏度高,衍生化反应简单,适合糖类化合物的分析。     

N-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-基取代Schiff碱的合成及光学性质研究

本文以对甲苯磺酸为催化剂,通过2-氨基-5-烃基-1,3,4-噻二唑与水杨醛的反应合成了一系列N-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-基取代Schiff碱类化合物2,利用IR,1H NMR,13C NMR和元素分析表征了化合物的结构。采用紫外光谱和荧光光谱研究了化合物的光谱性能,结果表明,所合成的化合物2具有较强的荧光发射光谱,λem为554～573 nm。     

柱前荧光衍生脂肪醇的高效液相色谱分离及质谱鉴定

利用新型荧光试剂1,2-苯并-3,4-二氢咔唑-9-乙酸（BCAA）作为柱前衍生化试剂,以乙腈为溶剂,1-乙基-3-（3-二甲氨基丙基）环己碳二亚胺（EDAC）作为缩合剂,4-二甲氨基吡啶（DMAP）为催化剂,55℃下衍生反应25 min后获得稳定的荧光产物。在Eclipse XDB-C8色谱柱上,通过梯度洗脱对12种游离脂肪醇进行了分离和在线质谱定性。激发和发射波长分别为λex=333 nm,λem=390nm。采用大气压化学电离源（APCI）正离子模式,对洗发水（含十二烷基硫酸钠）中游离脂肪醇进行定性及测定。脂肪醇的线性回归相关系数大于0.9997,检出限在9.40-25.32 fmol。     

新型二胺扩链剂对合成聚脲机械性能的影响

以咔唑为原料合成了新型扩链剂N-乙基-3,6-二氨基咔唑;将其与端氨基聚醚和甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯(TDI)经溶液聚合合成了新型聚脲;采用红外光谱表征了新型扩链剂和聚脲的结构.结果表明,以N-乙基-3,6-二氨基咔唑作为扩链剂合成聚脲时,随异氰酸酯质量分数的增加,凝胶时间逐渐变短;所制备的聚脲的拉伸强度达25MPa,断裂伸长率降低为105%.     

Optical and electroluminescent properties of novel poly(aryl ether)s with isolated carbazole and p‐quaterphenyl fluorophores

We report the optical and electroluminescent properties of four novel poly(aryl ether)s ( P1 – P4 ) consisting of alternate isolated hole‐transporting [carbazole or 3,6‐bis(styryl)carbazole] and electron‐transporting [dicyano‐p‐quaterphenyl or bis(trifluoromethyl)‐p‐quaterphenyl] fluorophores. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the four polymeric films show maximum peaks around 407–413 nm for P1 , P2 and 442–447 nm for P3 , P4 . The PL spectra of P1 ～ P4 are dependent on the composition of the two isolated fluorophores. According to the observation of relative quantum yield in poor solvent (cyclohexane), P2 containing more bulky trifluoromethyl groups in p‐quaterphenyl segments prevented aggregate quenching processes more than P1 . Compared with P1 and P2 with carbazole segments, P3 and P4 with 3,6‐bis(styryl)carbazole segments exhibited less interchain interaction and a low threshold electric field in a single‐layer device. The p‐quaterphenyl and carbazole [or 3,6‐bis(styryl)carbazole] segments were regarded as electron‐transporting and hole‐transporting units, respectively, in the single‐layer light‐emitting diodes (Al/ P1 – P4 /ITO). In the double‐layer device (ITO/MEH‐PPV/ P2 /Al), the maximum luminance was doubled, and the threshold electric fields diminished because P2 functioned as an electron‐transporting and hole‐blocking layer. Furthermore, the voltage‐tunable multicolor emission from orange to green was observed. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 333–340, 2004     

Highly efficient and stable blue‐light‐emitting copolyfluorene consisting of carbazole,oxadiazole, and charge‐trapping anthracene groups

This article presents the synthesis and electroluminescent (EL) properties of a stable blue‐light‐emitting copolyfluorene ( P1 ) consisting of carbazole, oxadiazole and charge‐trapping anthracene groups by Suzuki coupling reaction. The hole‐transporting carbazole and electron‐transporting oxadiazole improve charges injection and transporting properties, whereas the anthracene is the ultimate emitting chromophore. The thermal, photophysical, electrochemical, and EL properties of P1 were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimeter, optical spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and EL devices fabrication and characterization. P1 demonstrated high‐thermal stability with thermal decomposition and glass tranistion temperatures above 400 and 145°C, respectively. In film state, P1 showed blue emission at 451 nm attributed to anthracene chromophore. Photophysical and electrochemical investigations demonstrate that effective energy transfer from fluorene to anthracene segments and charges trapping on anthracene segments leads to efficient and stable blue emission originating from anthracence. Polymer light‐emitting diodes using P1 as the emitting layer (ITO/PEDOT:PSS/ P1 /Ca/Al) exhibited excellent current efficiency (5.1 cd/A) with the CIE coordinate being (0.16, 0.11). The results indicate that copolyfluorene is a promising candidate for the blue‐emitting layer in the fabrication of efficient PLEDs. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010     

新型偶氮化合物的合成及其光学性质

以咔唑和苯酚为原料,经重氮和偶合反应合成了一种新型偶氮化合物--N-对(4-羟基苯偶氮基)苯基-3,6-二(叔丁基)咔唑(4),其结构经1H NMR和13C NMR表征.4的 UV和固体荧光光谱研究结果表明,4具有较好的光学活性.     

Synthesis and characterization of new poly(aryl ether)s with isolated fluorophores

Four novel poly(aryl ether)s ( P1 – P4 ) consisting of alternate isolated electron‐transporting (3,3″′‐bis‐trifluoromethyl‐p‐quaterphenyl for P1 , P3 or 3,3″′‐dicyano‐p‐quaterphenyl for P2 , P4 ) and hole‐transporting fluorophores [N‐(2‐ethylhexyl)‐3,6‐bis(styryl)carbazole for P1 , P2 or 9,9‐dihexyl‐2,7‐bis(styryl)fluorene for P3 , P4 ] were synthesized and characterized. These poly(aryl ether)s can be dissolved in organic solvents and exhibited good thermal stability with 5% weight‐loss temperature above 500 °C in nitrogen atmosphere. The photoluminescent (PL) spectra of the films of these polymers showed maximum peaks at around 442–452 nm. The PL spectral results revealed that the emission of polymers was dominated by the fluorophores with longer emissive wavelength via the energy transfer from p‐quaterphenyl to 3,6‐bis(styryl)carbazole or 2,7‐bis(styryl)fluorene segments. Therefore, the p‐quaterphenyl segments function only as the electron‐transporting/hole‐blocking units in these polymers, and the other segments are the emissive centers and hole‐transporting units. The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy levels of these polymers were measured by cyclic voltammetry. The electron‐donating nitrogen atom on carbazole resulted in the higher HOMO energy levels of P1 and P2 than those of P3 and P4 . The single‐layer light‐emitting diodes (LED) of Al/poly(aryl ether)s ( P1 – P4 )/ITO glass were fabricated. P1 , P2 , and P4 revealed blue electroluminescence, but P3 emitted yellow light as a result of the excimer emission. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 2215–2224, 2002     

三嗪类双极性蓝色磷光主体材料的合成及性能

设计合成了一种基于三嗪类的新型双极性蓝色磷光主体材料[4-(4,6-二-α-萘氧基-1,3,5-三嗪-2-基)苯基]9-咔唑(NOTPC),并对其结构进行了表征。通过紫外-可见(UV-Vis)吸收、荧光、低温磷光、循环伏安法、热重分析(TGA)、差热分析(DSC)和密度泛函理论(DFT)对其性能及结构进行了研究。结果表明,NOTPC在CH₂Cl₂稀溶液中的吸收峰位于341和374 nm;发射峰位于478 nm;NOTPC的低温(77 K)磷光光谱的第一发射峰位于442 nm,其三线态能级为2.80 eV,与蓝色磷光材料FIrpic(2.62 eV)的能级相匹配;NOTPC的HOMO主要分布在苯基咔唑单元,而LUMO主要定域在三嗪环上。其HOMO能级为-5.40 eV,与阳极ITO的功函(-4.5~-5.0 eV)相匹配,LUMO能级为-2.32 eV,接近于电子传输材料PBD(-2.82 eV),NOTPC表现出双极传导性能, 且热稳定性良好。     

基于3,4-二烷氧基噻吩的D-A-D型有机共轭分子的合成及其光学和电化学性能

基于Wittig反应合成了新型D-A-D型有机半导体材料——双(2-乙烯基-3,4-二烷氧基噻吩)-对-2,5-二苯基-1,3,4-噁二唑[(3,4DAOTV)2-OXD],用核磁共振氢谱(1HNMR)、傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱、高效液相色谱(HPLC)和元素分析法(EA)对化合物的结构进行分析和表征.用紫外-可见(UV-Vis)光谱、荧光(PL)光谱及电化学分析研究其光学和电化学性能.在氯仿溶液中,各化合物的紫外最大吸收波长(λmabasx)在382-383nm之间,光学带能隙在2.92-2.97eV之间,荧光最大发射波长在448-452nm之间,发出明亮的青色光,荧光量子产率可达36.8%-37.6%;在固体薄膜状态下,各化合物于513-516nm处发射出亮蓝绿色光.循环伏安法研究显示:三种大π共轭分子在正、负向区域均表现出明显的氧化、还原现象.其中,5.65-5.70eV的电离势(Ip),与噻吩类有机半导体材料的空穴传输特征相符;电子亲和势(Ia)在2.74-2.88eV之间,与有机电子传输材料的特性相近,这利于电子从阴极的注入和传输.理论计算结果表明,该D-A-D型共轭分子共平面性好和电荷离域程度高,对光电功能材料的分子界面组装、载流子的有效传输和器件量子效率的提高十分有利.     

含柔性间隔基和末端烷氧基的双噁二唑衍生物的合成及性质

合成了一系列含柔性间隔基和末端烷氧基的双噁二唑化合物OXDs, 利用1H NMR、 元素分析和FTIR等手段对其分子结构进行了表征, 并用UV-Vis, PL, CV和DSC等方法对其性质进行了研究. 研究结果表明, 对甲氧基苯基与1,3-二(1,3,4-噁二唑基)苯基之间形成分子内激基复合物, 而端位烷氧基会阻碍分子内激基复合物的形成; OXDs化合物具有良好的电子注入、 电子传输及空穴阻挡的特性; 当末端取代基较短(或无末端取代基)时, 固体样品中的晶态结构含量较少, 经热处理后能够形成稳定的非晶态.     

一种新型低带隙共轭聚合物的合成及其光学性质

在钯催化剂作用下, 通过4,7-二(5-溴-2-噻吩基)[2,1,3]苯并噻二唑与2,5-二乙炔基-3-辛基噻吩的偶联反应, 合成了一种新的共轭高分子聚4,7-二(2-噻吩基)苯并噻二唑-3-辛基噻吩二炔(PTE-DTBT). 通过紫外可见吸收光谱及荧光光谱对其光学性质进行了研究. 紫外-可见吸收谱结果表明, PTE-DTBT的固体膜光学带隙为1.71 eV; 电化学测试其带隙为1.88 eV. TiO₂/PTE-DTBT共混固体膜的荧光发射谱结果表明电子供体PTE-DTBT分子与电子受体TiO₂分子间存在有效的电子转移.     

Conjugated polymers with carbazole,fluorene, and ethylene dioxythiophene in the main chain and a pendant cyano group: Synthesis,photophysical, and electrochemical studies

Six new conjugated polymers comprising of carbazole, fluorene, and ethylene dioxythiophene (EDOT) moieties along the backbone with a pendant cyano group attached to the ethylene moiety have been designed and synthesized via Sonogashira coupling polymerization reaction. Optical and electrochemical characterizations have shown that the energy band gaps lie within the range of 2.35–2.44 eV. Additionally, the presence of carbazole and EDOT makes these polymers better hole transporting materials, which is reflected from their low oxidation potential peaks (0.55–1.11 V) in cyclic voltammograms. Furthermore, the aggregation enhanced emission (AEE) phenomenon resulted in a 2.6‐fold increase in fluorescence intensity in a 90:10 THF/water mixture in comparison to pristine THF. The AEE properties were further verified by DLS (dynamic light scattering) experiment and SEM (scanning electron microscopy) studies. Polymers in solution as well as in polystyrene matrix emit in the green region (quantum yield in solution state Φ_f =41–43%) with CIE values (0.25–0.36, 0.52–0.57). Excellent thermal stability is observed for the new polymers. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016 , 54, 2774–2784     

Synthesis and electronic, photophysical, and electrochemical properties of a series of thienylcarbazoles

A series of thienylcarbazoles were synthesized by Suzuki-Miyaura and Ullmann coupling reactions. In these compounds, the 2-thienyl or 2,2'-bithiophen-5-yl group is connected at the N-, 1,8-, 3,6-, 2,7-, 2,7,N-, or 1,8,N-positions of the carbazole ring. The effects of structural variations on their electronic, photophysical, and electrochemical properties were explored by UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopies, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and DFT calculations in evaluation of their potential as material components. The thienyl substituents at the 2,7-positions in 4, 5, and 10 are responsible for a high degree of π-conjugation and strong emission with fluorescence quantum yields up to 0.61. The CV on a series of thienylcarbazoles revealed a good electron-donating ability of 3,6-substituted carbazoles 3 and 9. The number of thiophene units was found to affect the extent of π-conjugation, the resulting HOMO-LUMO gaps, and fluorescence efficiency. The crystal structures of 5 and 9 were also disclosed.