铬(IV)-4-氨基安替吡啉配合物极谱波的研究

我们发现铬(VI)的显色剂-4-氨基安替吡啉与铬(VI)形成的配合物, 在亚硝酸钠氨性底液中(pH~9), 单扫描极谱仪上有一灵敏而又波形良好的配合物吸附催化波.检测下限为4X10-9g/mL, 铬(VI)浓度在6X10-9~8X10-8g/mL 范围内, 峰高与浓度成正比. 本文对该波的极谱性质作了初步探讨, 对测定铬(VI)的最佳条件进行了讨论. 利用该法我们测定了废水及茶叶中的微量铬, 标准偏差0.15, 变动系数7.1%, 回收率96%.     

无铅汽油中抗爆剂含量的测定

采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定无铅汽油中抗爆剂的含量。研究了消化条件及干扰因素对测定的影响;测定结果的相对标准偏差小于2.0%;回收率在94.9%-103.6%;最低检出浓度为9×10-4g·L-1。     

铬(Ⅵ)-4-氨基安替吡啉配合物极谱波的研究

我们发现铬(Ⅵ)的显色剂-4-氨基安替吡啉与铬(Ⅵ)形成的配合物,在亚硝酸钠氨性底液中(pH～9),单扫描极谱仪上有一灵敏而又波形良好的配合物吸附催化波.检测下限为4×10~(-9)g/mL,铬(Ⅵ)浓度在6×10~(-9)～8×10~(-8)g/mL 范围内,峰高与浓度成正比.本文对该波的极谱性质作了初步探讨,对测定铬(Ⅵ)的最佳条件进行了讨论.利用该法我们测定了废水及茶叶中的微量铬,标准偏差0.15,变动系数7.1%,回收率96%.     

icp-ms法测定化妆品中铬的方法

用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS),建立了不同化妆品基质中铬的测定分析方法。样品预处理采用以HNO3水溶液作消化试剂的微波消解方法,并对5种不同化妆品基质中消化试剂的用量进行了比较。优化选择电感耦合等离子体质谱仪的工作参数,考察了测量过程中的基体效应及质谱干扰,针对不同化妆品样品,选择52Cr、53Cr作为测量同位素,72Ge为内标元素,对试样进行定量分析,有效地补偿基体效应所引起的测量偏差。实验证明,52Cr、53Cr的检测结果差异不大,均能满足化妆品中铬的测定要求。对照分析了参考标准物质。铬质量浓度在0.1~100μg/L范围内,校正曲线的相关系数为0.9999;铬添加质量浓度为0.5mg/kg,添加平均回收率为85.3%~104%;相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.5%~7.3%,52Cr检出限为0.052μg/kg,53Cr检出限为0.036μg/kg。     

石墨消解–火焰原子吸收光谱法测定土壤和沉积物中铜、锌、镍、铬

建立石墨消解–火焰原子吸收光谱法测定土壤和沉积物中铜、锌、镍、铬4种重金属的含量。采用盐酸–硝酸–氢氟酸–高氯酸作为消解体系对样品进行消解,铜、锌、镍以1%硝酸定容,铬以3%盐酸定容,采用火焰原子吸收光谱仪进行测定。铜、锌、镍、铬的质量浓度在0.00~1.00 mg/L范围内与吸光度均呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.999 4~0.999 5,方法检出限为0.7~1.5μg/g。测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.8%~3.4%(n=6),样品加标回收率为92.0%~105%。土壤和沉积物标准样品的测定值均在标准值可接受范围内。该方法操作简单、快速,结果准确、可靠,适用于土壤和沉积物样品中铜、锌、镍、铬等金属元素的测定。     

X射线荧光光谱法测定彩涂板涂层中铅、镉和总铬

自行制备了12块校准样品,其涂层厚度和涂层中铅、镉和铬含量均按梯度分布。涂层的厚度采用GB/T 13448-2019标准所推荐的DJH法测定和定值。分析这系列样品时,测定涂层中铅、镉和总铬时用IEC 62321-5的微波法溶解后,按电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法定值。应用上述校正样品试验,并提出了直接测定彩涂板涂层中铅、镉和总铬含量的X射线荧光光谱法(XFS)彩涂板的基板为冷轧板,在其外表面有镀锌层。在这2种材料中都可能含有与有机涂层中待测定的含量近似的相同元素,将对测定造成干扰。此外,有机涂层中的基体元素钛及硅也对测定造成干扰。利用XRF仪器自带的薄层分析软件和基本参数法软件对上述干扰分别予以校正,使铅、镉、铬校准曲线的线性相关系数达到0.9。所提出方法测定铅、镉、铬的检出限(3s)依次为5×10^-4%,3×10^-4%,5×10^-4%。随机取3个校正样品,按所提出方法测定其中铅、镉与总铬的含量,并用IEC 62321-5标准方法进行校对分析。结果表明:两种方法的结果相互一致,所得测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为8.5%(铅),9.2%(镉)和11%(铬),均分别小于IEC标准方法测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为29%,14%,17%。本方法达到快速、准确的要求,适合用于RoHS规定对彩涂层的检量检测。     

2—2[—噻唑偶氮]—5—二乙氨基苯甲酸与铬反应的光度法研究

杂环偶氮苯甲酸类试剂是近年来发展起来的新型显色剂,用于测定镍、钴、钯、铑等具有较高的灵敏度和选择性,但应用于铬测定的报道较少。宋立国等首先研究了2-[2-噻唑偶氮]-5-二乙氨基苯甲酸(TAEB)与铬的显色反应。结果发现,在一氯乙酸-一氯乙酸钠缓冲介质中铬配合物的表观摩尔吸光系数为6.5×10~4。而我们的研究结果发现,该反应体系的摩尔吸光系数为9.1×10~4。在乙酸-乙酸钠介质中其摩尔吸光系数增大到9.7×10~4。在此基础上建立了TAEB吸光光度法测定微量铬的新方法,该方法用于实际样品中铬的分析,取得了满意结果。     

胶束增敏催化动力学光度法测定土壤中的总铬量

在HAc-NaAc缓冲溶液介质中,在乳化剂OP存在下,痕量铬(Ⅵ)对过氧化氢氧化中性红的褪色反应有很强的催化作用,据此建立了测定微量铬(Ⅵ)的催化动力学光度法。该方法测定铬(Ⅵ)含量的线性范围为0.0~40.0μg/(25 mL),检出限为2.7×10-4μg/mL。该方法用于土壤中总铬量的测定,加标回收率为95.0%~101.0%,相对标准偏差为0.11%~0.17%。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定压水反应堆硼酸介质中的铬、镍、钴

建立电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定压水反应堆硼酸介质中铬、镍、钴含量的分析方法。分析谱线为Cr 206.158 nm,Ni 221.648 nm,Co 231.160 nm。对样品作酸化处理,使用线性加权校正,采用基本匹配和多谱线拟合技术联用消除光谱干扰。对于硼基体浓度为0～2 500 mg/kg的样品,铬、钴的线性范围为10～200μg/kg,镍的线性范围为40～800μg/kg,线性相关系数均大于0.999,铬、镍、钴的检出限分别为0.81,0.67,0.67μg/kg。测定结果的相对误差不大于7.7%,测定结果的相对标准偏差不大于3.1%(n=6),加标回收率为91.5%～108.5%。该方法检测快速,测定结果准确,光谱干扰校正模型稳定,能满足实际生产需要。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱同时测定不锈钢厨具铬、镍、镉、铅、砷迁移量

干净的不锈钢厨具样品(5.0 cm×5.0 cm)用乙酸浸泡24 h后,采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定不锈钢厨具中铬、镍、镉、铅,采用氢化物发生-ICP-AES测定其中砷的迁移量。研究了介质的酸度、硼氢化钾浓度对砷信号强度的影响,并考察了其他元素对砷测定的化学干扰。选择波长为267.716,231.604,214.438,220.353,193.695 nm 5条谱线依次作为测定铬、镍、镉、铅和砷的分析线。铬、镍、镉、铅和砷的检出限(3s)分别为0.032,0.026,0.006,0.033,0.007 5 mg.L-1,相对标准偏差(n=10)依次为0.7%,0.8%,3.1%,1.2%,3.6%。应用此法测定样品中5种元素测定值与国标法GB/T 5009.81-2003的测定值相比,两种方法所得结果相一致。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.