对一部《无机化学》教材的勘误

我们是2002级的化学专业的大学生,在学习无机化学课程中使用的教材是由北京师范大学无机化学教研室等联合编写,高等教育出版社出版的《无机化学》(第4版)教材。该教材为“面向二十一世纪课程教材”,书中配有精美的封面、彩图,添加了一些相关网站的地址,还把一些相关词语译成英文,给人以耳目一新的感觉。但一年学下来,却发现其中的错漏太多,让我们难以理解。现将其中的部分问题及修改意见整理如表1。表1《无机化学》中的部分问题及修改意见页码问题修改意见29图14氢原子光谱与电子跃迁中的光谱部分遗漏谱线,谱线的波长位置也有误。图中缺Hγ…     

中国高校化学化工专业无机化学教材建设历史回顾与展望

20世纪50年代以前,中国高校无机化学教科书主要采用译著或国外原版教材。在20世纪60年代,我国无机化学教材建设工作进入了一个短暂繁荣期。现在高校广泛使用的无机化学教材源于我国在1977-1990年间编写的4部教材。2000年之后,虽然无机化学教材品种数明显增多,但精品较少。未来的无机化学教材编写应当考虑基础无机化学与中级无机化学内容的分工与衔接,以及加强教材与信息技术的融合。     

对滴管操作的一点看法

在化学实验工作中,滴管是取用液体试剂的常用仪器。我们见到的几种实验书籍中,滴管的操作都是如附图1那样的手势(如北京师范大学化学系无机化学教研室等编写的高等学校试用教材《无机化学实验》,中山大学、辽宁大学等校编写的高等学校试用教材《无机化学实验》等)。我们认为这样的操作方法不够合适。     

高中化学与大学无机化学教材知识点的衔接研究*

作为化学教育专业的必修课程,无机化学起到了奠定师范生化学理论基础的重要作用。在衔接高中化学知识的前提下,开展大学无机化学教学有助于构建完整的化学知识教学体系、调动师范生学习的积极性,实现高中到大学无机化学课程学习的顺利过渡。笔者在教学实践、教育实习指导及调研的基础上,以人教版高中化学、北师大版《无机化学》教材内容为例,从教与学的角度探讨了高中化学和大学无机化学教材知识点的衔接情况,形成了部分经验积累和教学建议,为师范类专业认证背景下的无机化学课程教学提供借鉴和参考。     

大學化學

正执/行/主/编/团/队主编王颖霞教授北京大学王颖霞,教授,博士生导师,北京大学化学与分子工程学院教学副院长,兼任全国名词委化学名词委员会委员、中国化学会化学竞赛委员会委员等职。主讲普通化学、无机化学、多晶X射线衍射等课程,曾参与编写《普通化学原理》(第4版)、《无机材料化学》(第2版)等多本教材。2002年,获教育部"霍英东青年教师教学优秀奖";2009年,作为教学骨干之一,所在"普通和无机化学"教学团队获"国家级优秀教学团队"。     

国内外物理化学教材“界面与胶体化学”部分内容的比较研究

以物理化学教材中界面化学与胶体化学的内容编写为研究对象,详细比较了不同版本中英文教材中对该部分知识的概念表述、内容取舍、编排方式等,其中中文教材按照学科类别(如理科版、工科版、农林版等)和同一主编不同版本两种方式进行了比较,英文版物理化学教材比较了五个版本,其中对Atkins主编的教材进行了三个版次的分析。追溯、剖析了该部分内容编写方式的差异和演进变化,为相关学科的教材编写和课堂教学提供参考。     

《无机化学与化学分析》编写中的思考

《无机化学与化学分析》于１９９８年５月由高等教育出版社出版,它是在第一届应化专业教材建设组指导下出版的唯一一本专业基础课教材,也是在化学学科教学指导委员会指导下出版的第一本无机化学与分析化学合并教材。这里简要介绍本书的写作思路,对新时期理科教材编写工作进行探讨。　　１９９１年在嘉峪关举行的应用化学专业教材建设组第一次工作会议上,决定编写《无机化学与化学分析》及与之配套的实验课教材,并将其作为重点教材列入高等教育出版社“八五”计划。　　归纳委员们在那次会议上的发言,他们想象中的《无机化学与化学分析…     

关于氯化钠晶格能的计算

工科院校普遍采用的两种无机化学教材是华南工学院和天津大学无机教研室各自编写的《无机化学》。其中在叙述根据Born-Haber热化学循环计算氯化钠晶格能(L)时,有明显的不同,对此,学生们常提出疑问。     

分析化学教材内容和体系的改革

分析化学已有一些很好的教材,特别是高等教育出版社出版的武汉大学主编的《分析化学》作为高等学校教材已在许多学校使用,是一本优秀教材,现已修订至第三版。许多学校也出版了自己的有特色的教材。这些教材从体系上来看,作为化学分析的核心部分滴定分析法一直是按照化学反应分类而设章,即按酸碱滴定法、络合滴定法、氧化还原滴定法、沉淀滴定法来编写。按照“面向２１世纪教学内容和课程体系改革”的要求,从课程学时的减少、分析化学与无机化学某些内容的重复及自身的重复考虑,教材的建设和改革是势在必行的,打破原来的体系已成为一…     

全国高师无机化学教材审稿会在宁召开

1979年12月9—20日,来自全国29个省、市、自治区74所师大、师院、师专和其它院校共101人在南京师范学院举行了全国高等师范学校无机化学教材审稿会。这次会议的主要任务是审查由北京师范大学主编、华中师院和南京师院参加编写的高师《无机化学》教材的初稿。会上,由编写单位介绍编写教材的指导思想和原则,以及各章的主要内容和问题。然后,分组广泛讨论、研究教材体系和各章教材内容。     

充满生机和科学机遇的磷化学研究所

简要地综述了第十五届国际磷化学会议的报告内容，介绍了目前磷化学的主要 研究领域，包括不对称合成、配合化学，生物碱化学，药物化学，农业化学等相关 领域的研究动态及新进展。     

Novel arylpyridine‐based 1,3,4‐oxadiazoles: Synthesis,antibacterial, and anti‐inflammatory evaluation

In view of developing novel bioactive compounds, a series of 2‐(5‐[2‐methyl‐6‐arylpyridin‐3‐yl]‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2‐ylthio)‐1‐arylethanones (6a–n) were designed and synthesized in good yield. Novel compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory activities. All synthesized compounds were screened for their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bascillus subtilis, Eschericia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Compounds 6a , 6b , 6c , 6h , and 6i displayed the highest antibacterial activity with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 6.25–12.5 μg/mL in comparison with the standard Ciprofloxacin. The results of anti‐inflammatory activity of carrageenan‐induced footpad edema assay indicated that tested compounds exhibited remarkable anti‐inflammatory activity with percentage of inhibition of 63.9–70.1% (potency 96.8–106.20% of indomethacin activity) after 3 hr. Particularly, 6c – e and 6j – l were found to be excellent inhibitors of inflammation, with potential higher than that of the standard, Indomethacin.     

Dual zinc catalysts for L‐lactide polymerization and reaction of CO2 with cyclohexene oxide

A series of zinc complexes, [ L ^X ZnEt] ( 1–5 ) and [ L ^X Zn ₂ (OAc) ₃ ] (6–9) , associated with NNO‐tridentate Schiff base ligands (2‐(((2‐((cyclohexyl[methyl]amino)methyl)phenyl)imino)methyl)phenolate (CAP) derivatives), were synthesized, and their activity toward ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of L‐lactide (LA) and the reaction of CO₂ with cyclohexene oxide were also investigated. All of [ L ^X ZnEt] revealed excellent catalytic activity to ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of LA in the presence of benzyl alcohol. Among them, [ L ^H ZnEt] (1) showed the highest activity with 82% conversation within 45 s. In contrast, [L ^X Zn ₂ (OAc) ₃ ] (6–9) were inactive in ROP of L‐lactide. In addition, all of these Zn complexes demonstrated moderate activity in the reaction of CO₂ with cyclohexene oxide in the presence of Bu₄NCl.     

Novel [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine derivatives embedded with benzimidazole moiety as potent antioxidants

Fourteen novel [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine derivatives bearing benzimidazole moiety ( 7a-n ) have been synthesized using the one-pot nitro reductive cyclization method. All the synthesized compounds were confirmed by ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR), ¹³C NMR, fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), mass spectrum, and elemental analyses. All the title compounds were subjected to in vitro antioxidant activity. The free radical scavenging activity of the compounds was examined using DPPH, nitric oxide, and superoxide radical scavenging methods. The results demonstrated that compound 3-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-propyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-5-yl)-6-4-tolyl-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine ( 7c ) was potent in scavenging both DPPH and nitric oxide radical with IC₅₀ values of 13.57 and 18.55 μg/ml when compared to the standard with IC₅₀ values of 23.75 and 23.14 μg/ml, respectively, which was due to the presence of electron-donating groups. The activity was found to decline when electron-donating groups were replaced by electron-withdrawing groups. Moderate scavenging activity was observed for the superoxide radical. Structure activity relationship and physiochemical properties were studied for all the derivatives.     

Biologically inspired 3Fe4S cluster as structural mimics of FeMoco M-cluster

A 3Fe4S cluster related to M-cluster of Mo-nitrogenase is reported. [K(THF)₅][Fe₃(μ-bdt)₂(μ-PPh₂)(CO)₅] ( 1 ) is synthesized from photo-assisted structural rearrangement of [K(THF)₂][(μ,κ²-bdt)Fe₂(μ-PPh₂)(CO)₅] under visible light irradiation. The molecular structure of 1 consists of a Fe₃ core bearing one dithiolate bridge and the second dithiolate group capping onto the metallic plane. The structural motif of 1 is analogous to that of Mo-participated 3Fe4S unit in M-cluster of Mo-nitrogenase, with the similar Fe-Fe and Fe-S bond distances. Upon protonation in 193 K, a Fe-hydride species ( 1H ) is generated and characterized to possess the bridging hydride group (δ = −12.57 ppm) by ¹H-NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculation. In CH₃CN solution, complex 1 exhibits a reversible reduction and oxidation process at $E_{1/2}^{\mathrm{red}}$ = −1.94 V and $E_{1/2}^{\mathrm{ox}}$ = −0.18 V, respectively, at 273 K. The reduction behavior of 1 in CH₂Cl₂ solution at 243 K displays a slight modification in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid, revealing a moderate anodic potential shift (~50 mV). The current amplitude of the reduction wave is linearly increased with the increasement of acid added, indicative of the catalytic event.     

Exploring recent developments on 1,2,4-triazole: Synthesis and biological applications

Triazoles are nitrogen-bearing heterocycles. In the last few decades, researchers have focused on fused heterocycles, as they have better pharmacological effect compared to triazoles alone. Among the two isomers of triazole, this article aims to explore the work carried out on 1,2,4-triazole and N-bridged heterocycles derived from 1,2,4-triazole in last 18 years, highlight different synthetic pathways, and present a brief summary of the different biological activities possessed by 1,2,4-triazole derivatives. The information collected in this article is expected to help researchers to discover novel therapeutic agents for better applications in the field of pharmaceutical science.     

环戊二烯类有机金属含硫族化学的新进展

本文系统地综述了环戊二烯类有机过渡金属含硫族(S, Se, Te) 化学领域的研究现状和进展。参考文献136 篇。     

化学学科的新视角及其在化学教育中的反映

传统化学以研究变化,关注变化前后的结果而著称。化学与其他学科,特别是生命科学的相互渗透使得化学的动态特征更加突出,化学学科格局也因之发生了变化。因此,化学需要新认识。     

Meeting the sustainable development goals in a tropical climate

This article reflects on the Federation of Asian Chemical Societies (FACS) Citation Award Lecture delivered in the Industrial Technology Research Institute Symposium on CO₂ Utilization and Green Technology during the 18th Asian Chemical Congress held in Taipei, December 12, 2019. Malaysia produces sizable amounts of palm oil and palm kernel oil, with palm fronds and tree trunks as the main waste. At the Malaysia Japan International Institute of Technology, the biomass was decomposed to produce fine chemicals, used as substrate for mushroom growth, and converted to bio-coke for heat energy. A notable difference has been found regarding the emission of greenhouse gases from a natural peat forest and those from the oil palm plantation converted from peatlands, where in the palm plantation, water table is lowered and aerobic processes occurs, resulting in more CO₂ being released compared to CH₄. The introduction of fertilizers to the plantation resulted in more N₂O being released. The team has also pioneered a project to plant temperate vegetables. Cooling pipes (16–18°C with circulating water cooled by chiller) were embedded within each thermal conditioning soil plot. Lettuce and radish, the experimental plants, showed good growth in the thermal conditioning soil due to nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which were destroyed at a higher temperature.     

The Chemistry of Protactinium

Protactinium exhibits an ambivalent chemical behavior. In non-aqueous solutions and in the solid state, both quadrivalent and quinquevalent protactinium has properties which characterize it as a typical actinide element. On the other hand, investigations in aqueous solution show quinquevalent protactinium to be a homologue of niobium and tantalum. It exhibits – except in hydrofluoric acid solutions – a marked tendency to undergo irreversible hydrolysis and condensation reactions, which leads to the situation that tracer amounts (ca. 10^?12 mole/l) and macroscopic amounts (10^?3–10^?6 mole/l) of protactinium often behave differently. Reduction with strong reducing agents gives aqueous solutions of Pa(IV), the properties of which again correspond in general to those of Th(IV) and show no relation to Nb(IV). Our knowledge of the chemical behavior of this rare radioelement has been advanced, in particular, by the production in 1958–1960 of 100 g of pure protactinium – the largest amount so far – from residues of the British production of uranium.