分析化学课程群建设探索

分析化学系列课程教学团队不断改进和探索新的教育教学模式。在课程教学中,实行线上线下混合+双语的教学模式,并将该学科中所蕴含的思政元素与课程内容相互渗透;依托MOOC和虚拟仿真教学项目开展分析化学实验课程教学,在提升学生专业知识水平和训练综合能力的基础上,厚植爱国情怀,并培养学生严谨求实的科学态度。     

混合教学模式在仪器分析课程中的实践运用——以“气相色谱分析法”为例

在仪器分析课程中设计混合教学模式，包含前端分析、课前线上学习、线上线下联结、线下课堂教学、课后指导、学习评价。以“气相色谱分析法”为例，通过全面分析学情、梳理教学内容、设计线上线下教学过程、突出过程性学习评价，充分探究混合教学模式在仪器分析课程中的实践运用。通过教学反思，探讨混合教学模式的应用优势及存在问题。     

元素化学课程思政案例库建设及线上线下混合递进式教学实践

教学团队立足元素化学课程特点,设计、建设了“科学”“人文”“思政”三融合的元素化学课程思政案例库,并将之融入线上线下混合递进式教学的各个阶段和环节,以同步实现知识传授、能力培养、价值塑造三位一体的教学目标。同时,建立课程思政的集体教研制度,确保课程思政的整体性和持续性。     

线上线下混合模式在药学专业分析化学教学中的应用*——以“酸碱滴定分析法”为例

以“酸碱滴定分析法”为例,依托自建药学专业SPOC课程资源,构建和实践了包含前端分析、教学过程和考核评价的线上线下混合教学模式。通过全面分析教学内容、教学目标、学情和学习环境等,设计了线上课前预习、线下课堂教学、线上课后拓展等3个步骤相衔接的教学过程,建立了线上线下相结合、突出过程性评价的综合考核方式。通过反思整个教学过程,对线上线下混合教学模式的主要优势和问题进行了讨论。     

“分子三维模型制作”劳动技能课线上线下混合式教学设计与实践*

改进了大学化学类专业劳动技能课“分子三维模型制作”,并提出线上线下混合教学模式和多元化考核方式相结合的实践教学思路与方法。在课程中引入生产实例、学科前沿和时事热点进行创新创业和思政教育,积极引导学生主动参与实践教学,充分调动学生的劳动兴趣,以适应新时期培养创新性劳动者的需要。     

线上线下混合式"仪器分析实验" 课程实践与思考——以气相色谱实验为例

在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间,由于学生无法返校,中国科学技术大学化学实验教学中心仪器分析实验课程组利用自主开发的大型仪器虚拟仿真软件,应用"智慧课堂"教学模式,进行了线上教学与实验;在学生返校后,又开展了真实实验。本文介绍了该次实验课程开展过程中的线上线下教学活动及教学效果总结,提出了对于线上线下混合式一流课程建设的一些思考。     

“互联网+”背景下“无机及分析化学”课程教学策略与实践*

提出了“互联网+”背景下,“无机及分析化学”课程教学“一核心、二目标、三探索、四构建”的教学策略。实施结果表明,基于学生发展的课程核心知识,以“具有解决复杂制药工程、化工工程、材料工程的化学基础知识”“为学习后续课程打下坚实基础”2个具体教学目标为导向,通过开展综合实践活动、案例教学、课程思政等3种教学改革探索,构建线上线下有机衔接的立方书、立体化线上教学资源、线上线下混合型教学模式及过程和结果相融合的SPOC教学模式下的课程评价体系4种教学举措,能有效提高课程教学质量。     

线上线下混合式教学结合翻转课堂进行酯缩合反应的教学*

采用“线上线下混合式教学”开展有机化学课程的教学工作,利用APP “学习通”将在线课堂教学和线下讲授相结合。以知识点酯缩合反应的教学为例,介绍了该教学模式的实施过程和教学效果。实践结果表明,线上线下混合式教学与翻转课堂相结合的教学模式,能够拓展化学专业学生知识面,提升学生的自主学习能力和学习的积极性,取得了较好的教学效果。     

在仪器分析课程教学中融入课程思政案例的探讨*

如何将课程思政教学内容与课程知识体系高度契合,使课程思政有温度、有共鸣,是需要进行教学内容设计和教学模式创新。围绕仪器分析培养目标和各部分的教学特点,充分挖掘课程知识点中的思政元素,构建相应的思政教学案例,利用线上线下、课内课外的多渠道模式,将课程思政润物细无声地融入仪器分析教学全过程,实现仪器分析课程的专业知识传授、核心价值引领和能力培养之间的有机统一,终达到使学生脑中有专业知识、胸中有爱国情怀、有责任担当的成效。     

课程思政背景下促进科学探究意识的“糖类化合物”混合式教学实践

介绍了医学及相关专业的有机化学课程中“糖类化合物”章节线上线下混合式教学实践。在教育信息技术全面渗透进高校课堂的背景下,在“课程思政”课程观指导下,将课程思政元素与教学内容有机融合,运用多元化的教学方法,在知识学习过程中注重促进学生科学探究意识的提升。探索促进学生深入领会知识内涵,体会知识所演绎的科学思维和精神价值,促进科学素养和社会责任意识养成的教学实践。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Acid hydrolysis of carboxymethylcellulose of low degree of substitution

Cotton cellulose was swollen in a sodium hydroxide solution and carboxymethylated by a two-bath method for different periods of time for each process. The kinetics of acid hydrolysis and the crystallinity of the swollen and carboxymethylated samples were measured. The proportion of broken bonds, rate constants for hydrolysis, and permeability of cellulose to hydrolyzing agents were calculated. The susceptibility of glycosidic linkages to acid hydrolysis was improved by carboxymethylation more than by swelling in alkali. The increased accessibility of carboxymethylcellulose to acid was regarded as a consequence of increased intra-and intercrystalline swelling and of the glycosidic bonds' weakness caused by the electron-attracting carboxymethyl group on the C-6 position.     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

Estimation of Kinetic Parameters of Thermal Oxidation of Ilmenite

The aim of the presented work was the investigation of thermal oxidation of ilmenite in static air atmosphere. The investigations were carried out by use of a derivatograph (MOM, Hungary). The changes of crystallographic structure of investigated samples were identified by X-ray diffractometry on Philips PW-1710 diffractometer. In temperature above 500°C appears structure of hematite Fe₂O₃. On the basis of the thermogravimetric measurements, the contracting area and contracting volume models were found as the best fitting experimental data. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Mechanism of action of base-catalyzed oxygenation of phenol derivatives

Cyclopropyl derivative of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol is synthesized as a probe to investigate the mechanism of base-catalyzed autooxidation of phenol derivatives. Our study indicates that one electron reduction of molecular oxygen from phenolate gives phenoxyl radical 3, a key intermediate of autooxidation. The coupling of phenoxyl radical and superoxide radical gives peroxylate anion 4 and produces the final epoxy alcohol adduct 6.     

化学计量中不确定度评定研究进展

测量不确定度是表征合理地赋予被测量之值的分散性的参数。本文针对化学计量不确定度评定基础模型仅适用于线性模型、概率分布为正态分布或缩放位移t分布等局限,介绍了近年来不确定度评定的研究热点:蒙特卡罗方法(Monte Carlo Method,MCM),不确定度评定的来源、评定概念、评估方法及其发展过程,扩大了测量不确定度评定与表示的适用范围。     

微量钙的测定方法研究进展

介绍了1995-2006年期间测定微量和痕量钙的方法,如电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法、原子吸收光谱法以及离子色谱法等的工作原理和特点,并说明了其测定微量钙的应用领域。并对微量钙的测定技术进行了展望(引用文献55篇)。