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从构筑静电自组装聚电解质/有机染料插层蒙脱土光致变色纳米复合膜所必需 的基本纳米构件--有机染料插层蒙脱土光致变色纳米复合物的设计出发,制备了具有光致 变色功能的蒙脱土/阳离子偶氮染料(GTL)均插层纳米复合物现,插人蒙脱土层 间的GTL热稳定性大幅度提高.由于GTL在纳米受限空间的超分子有序结构共轭,使 偶氮基发生了高达91 nm的显著红移.使用该插层纳米复合物构件与阳离子聚电解 质(PDAC)通过静电自组装得到了生长均匀、排列规整有序的光致变色聚电解质/ 阳离子偶氮染料插层蒙脱土纳米复合膜. 相似文献
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蒙脱土/阳离子偶氮染料插层纳米复合物离子交换吸附 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
从有机阳离子与蒙脱土离子交换吸附原理出发,推导出吸附等温式和表面二维状态方程理论关系,给出了热失重确定吸附量的数据处理方法.选择具有光致变色功能、整个分子共轭的有机阳离子GTL作为插层剂,成功制备了一系列插层纳米复合物.GTL阳离子交换吸附实验数据符合推导出的吸附等温式,插层复合物界面压强π随其含水量增大而线性减小,在较低π下,层间GTL以平行于蒙脱土片层表面的单分子层形态排列;随着π增大,层间GTL以倾斜于蒙脱土片层表面的头尾交指型团聚体形态排列;在更大的π下,层间GTL倾向垂直于蒙脱土片层表面成双分子层排列,其尾端重叠自组装形成超分子共轭纳米结构,层间GTL热稳定性大幅度提高。 相似文献
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双单体原位接枝插层法制备聚丙烯纳米复合材料的研究Ⅰ.制备、表征及力学性能的研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
用有机插层剂处理蒙脱土原土 ,制得有机蒙脱土 (O MMT) .采用双单体 (马来酸酐和苯乙烯 )原位接枝插层法 ,制备了聚丙烯 蒙脱土纳米复合材料母料 .将母料与聚丙烯基体在双螺杆上共混挤出 ,制得聚丙烯 蒙脱土纳米复合材料 (PP Montmorillonetenanocomposites,PMNC) .这是制备聚合物纳米复合材料的一种新方法 .通过X 射线衍射测试 (XRD)表明 ,有机蒙脱土片层 0 0 1面间距从原土的 1 4 9nm扩大到 2 96nm ,复合材料中蒙脱土片层 0 0 1面间距由有机蒙脱土的 2 96nm扩大到 4 0nm .力学性能测试表明 ,复合材料的力学性能明显优于PP基体 ,在提高材料拉伸强度的同时 ,缺口冲击强度也得到很大的提高 .用扫描电镜 (SEM)对材料的冲击断面形貌进行了研究 ,并从理论上分析了断裂机理 .随着蒙脱土含量的增加 ,冲击断裂形式逐渐从脆性断裂变成韧性断裂 相似文献
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于醋酸溶液中通过溶液插层技术将不同分子量的壳聚糖与钠基蒙脱土进行插层复合,制备了系列壳聚糖/蒙脱土插层复合物. 通过XRD、TEM、FTIR测试技术对插层复合物的结构进行了表征. 结果表明,仅通过醋酸溶液处理,残留的HAc就可使MMT层间距由原来的1.3 nm增加至1.55 nm,并使结构规整性提高;降低壳聚糖分子量有利于MMT层间距增大,并出现更多剥离形态的蒙脱土;当壳聚糖分子量为4.1×104时,最大层间距可达2.48 nm,但进一步降低壳聚糖分子量层间距反而略微减小;红外光谱分析表明,插层复合物中壳聚糖与蒙脱土间存在明显的静电作用. TGA分析结果表明,插层复合物中壳聚糖的含量随分子量的降低而增加,残留的醋酸使插层复合物中壳聚糖的热稳定性能下降. 相似文献
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sPS/PA6/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备与性能 总被引:4,自引:3,他引:4
讨论了间规聚苯乙烯 (sPS) 尼龙 6(PA6) 磺化间规聚苯乙烯 (SsPS H) 蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备技术和新材料的结构与性能特征 .蒙脱土经层间改性处理后 (MTN) ,可分别将SsPS H和aPS(无规聚苯乙烯 )插入其纳米层间 ,制备出插层型纳米复合物MTN SsPS和MTN aPS .在sPS/PA6/SsPS H三组分共混体系中加入MTN SsPS或MTN aPS ,进行四组分熔融共混即可制备出sPS/PA6/SsPS H/蒙脱土纳米复合材料 .TEM测定证实了蒙脱土在基体中的层厚分布约为 5 0nm .此外 ,采用DSC、DMA、XRD及力学性能测试仪等现代分析方法对sPS/PA6/SsPS H/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的结构与性能进行了详细研究 .研究结果表明这种纳米复合材料具有优良的综合性能 相似文献
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丙烯酸树脂/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
采用离子交换法,用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵对钠基蒙脱土(Na-MMT)进行改性制备了有机蒙脱土(OMMT).用丙烯酸(AA)、硫酸化蓖麻油、乳化剂OP-10、过硫酸钾为原料进行水溶液聚合制得丙烯酸树脂.将丙烯酸树脂与改性蒙脱土通过聚合插层制备了丙烯酸树脂/ 蒙脱土纳米复合材料.通过傅立叶变换红外(FTIR)和X-射线衍射 (XRD)等手段对复合材料的结构进行了表征,结果表明:丙烯酸树脂插层进入有机蒙脱土内可形成插层型或剥离型的纳米复合材料.蒙脱土含量及蒙脱土与丙烯酸树脂的反应温度、反应时间均对复合材料的剥离行为产生影响,在蒙脱土含量为树脂固含量的7%、温度为70℃、反应4h的条件下可得到完全剥离的纳米复合材料. 相似文献
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聚N-甲基苯胺/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的合成及其协同电流变效应 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用插层聚合法制备了聚N 甲基苯胺 蒙脱土纳米复合材料微粒 ,通过IR、XRD及TEM对其结构进行了表征 .观察发现聚N 甲基苯胺插入蒙脱土层间后 ,蒙脱土片层间距由 0 96nm扩大至 1 34nm .将其分散在甲基硅油中 (2 0wt% )配制成无水电流变液 ,该复合材料表现出显著的协同效应 ,具有较好的电流变行为 .实验表明在电场作用下聚N 甲基苯胺 蒙脱土纳米复合材料的电流变效应比聚苯胺、蒙脱土都有显著提高 ,在 3kV mm(DC ,74 5s- 1 )时 ,剪切强度达 6 0kPa ;同时抗沉降性极好 ,静置 6 0天沉淀率小于 3% .介电性能测试表明聚N 甲基苯胺 蒙脱土纳米颗粒的介电常数和介电损耗较蒙脱土和聚N 甲基苯胺明显提高 ,电导率也达到了最佳范围 . 相似文献
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A. M. D. Leite L. F. Maia R. A. Paz E. M. Araújo H. L. Lira 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2009,97(2):577-580
The aim of this work was to obtain membranes from polyamide 6/montmorillonite clay nanocomposites through the phase inversion
technique. The nanocomposites and membranes from polyamide 6/montmorillonite clay were characterized by X-ray diffraction
(XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Thermogravimetry (TG) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Microporous
and asymmetric membranes were successfully obtained from nanocomposites and the results showed that the salts were incorporated
by intercalation between the organoclay layers and, apparently that the nanocomposites and membranes were thermally more stable
than the pure polyamide. 相似文献
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Preparation and characterization of nylon 6/Cu2+-exchanged and Fe3+-exchanged montmorillonite nanocomposite 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jie Liu Yuan Hu Shaofeng Wang Lei Song Zuyao Chen Weicheng Fan 《Colloid and polymer science》2004,282(3):291-294
Nylon 6/Cu2+-exchanged and Fe3+-exchanged montmorillonite nanocomposites have been prepared by a melt intercalation technique directly from Cu2+-exchanged and Fe3+-exchanged montmorillonite. Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide was chosen as the clay/matrix reactive compatibilizer. The intercalation spacing and the degree of dispersion were determined by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Also the thermal character of the nanocomposites prepared was analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis. 相似文献
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Tzong‐Ming Wu Sung‐Fu Hsu Jeng‐Yue Wu 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2002,40(8):736-746
X‐ray diffraction methods were used in an investigation of the structural changes in syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS)/clay nanocomposites. sPS/clay was prepared by the intercalation of sPS polymer into layered montmorillonite. Both X‐ray diffraction data and transmission electron microscopy micrographs of sPS/clay nanocomposites indicated that most of the swellable silicate layers were exfoliated and randomly dispersed in the sPS matrix. The X‐ray diffraction data also showed the presence of polymorphism in the sPS/clay nanocomposites. This polymorphic behavior was strongly dependent on the thermal history of the sPS/clay nanocomposites from the melt and on the content of clay in the sPS/clay nanocomposites. Quenching from the melt induced crystallization into the α‐crystalline form, and the addition of montmorillonite probably increased heterophase nucleation of the α‐crystalline form. The effect of the melt crystallization of sPS and sPS/clay nanocomposites at different temperatures on the crystalline phases was also examined. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 40: 736–746, 2002 相似文献
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聚合物基纳米复合材料具有常规有机 /无机复合材料所没有的结构和形态 ,其性能较普通的聚合物复合材料更优异 ,因而引起人们的广泛关注 [1~ 4 ] .近年来的研究表明 ,运用插层聚合和熔融插层等方法可使某些具有层状结构的硅酸盐与聚合物产生特殊的界面作用 ,并以纳米尺寸均匀分 相似文献
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Danieli Galvan Fábio Carneiro Mateus Mazzucco Julio Roberto Bartoli Marcos Akira d'Ávila Ana Rita Morales Elizabeth Grillo Fernandes 《Macromolecular Symposia》2012,319(1):167-172
Summary: In this work, poly(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) (ABS) and different organically modified montmorillonite clay nanocomposites were prepared by melt intercalation in a co-rotating twin screw extruder. The influence of the screw torque during processing and of the mixture of the modified organoclays in the intercalation/exfoliation of the clay in the polymeric matrix was evaluated through low angle X-ray diffraction range and capillary and parallel plate-plate rheometry. 相似文献
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采用离子交换法, 用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵处理钙基蒙脱土(MMT), 使蒙脱土的层间距由1.49 nm扩大到2.21 nm, 制备了环氧树脂/ BADK/MMT纳米复合材料, 并用XRD等手段研究了有机蒙脱土在环氧树脂中的插层及剥离行为. 研究结果表明, 蒙脱土含量及环氧树脂与有机土的混合温度和时间均对固化后复合材料的剥离产生影响, 只有在特定条件下才能得到剥离型纳米复合材料. 相似文献
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Organophilic montmorillonite (OMMT) was synthesized by cationic exchange between Na-MMT and tricetadecylmethyl ammonium bromide in an aqueous solution. A new nanocomposite consisting of poly(butyl acrylate)-modified chitosan and OMMT was prepared by γ-ray irradiation polymerization in acetic acid aqueous solution. The degree of dispersion and the intercalation spacing of these nanocomposites were investigated using X-ray diffraction. The enhanced thermal stabilities of nanocomposites were characterized by the thermal gravimetric analysis. The improved mechanical properties of nanocomposites were characterized by static tensile studies and dynamic mechanical analysis. The nanocomposites showed improved resistance to water absorption. 相似文献
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Poly(propylene)/clay nanocomposites were prepared by melt intercalation, using pristine montmorillonite (MMT), hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (C16), poly(propylene) (PP) and maleic acid (MA) modified PP (MAPP), The nanocomposites structure is demonstrated using X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and high resolution electronic microscopy (HREM). Our purpose is to provide a general concept for manufacturing polymer nanocomposites by melt intercalation starting from the pristine MMT. We found different kneaders (twin‐screw extruder or twin‐roll mill) have influence on the morphology of the PP/clay nanocomposites. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) shows that the thermal stability of PP/clay nanocomposites has been improved compared with that of pure PP. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献