金属蒸气法制备聚合物固载双金属催化剂——Pd—Cu催化剂的价态,分散度…

利用金属蒸气法制备了三种不同金属重量比的树脂固载及活性炭负载Ｐｄ－Ｃｕ双金属催化剂。透射电镜（ＴＥＭ）和Ｘ－射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）测定结果表明催化剂中Ｐｄ－Ｃｕ已形成合金。合金粒度极小，平均直径小于５ｍｍ。树脂固载催化剂金属粒度远小于活性炭负载催化剂的金属粒度。Ｘ－射线光电子能谱（ＸＰＳ）结果表明Ｐｄ和Ｃｕ均以零价态存在。在４－甲基－３－戊烯－２－酮加氢反应中，树脂固载催化剂的活性和选择性均高于相应的     

金属蒸气法制备聚合物固载双金属催化剂———Pd-Cu催化剂的价态,分散度与活性

利用金属蒸气法制备了三种不同金属重量比的树脂固载及活性炭负载Ｐｄ Ｃｕ双金属催化剂．透射电镜（ＴＥＭ）和Ｘ 射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）测定结果表明催化剂中Ｐｄ Ｃｕ已形成合金．合金粒度极小，平均直径小于５ｎｍ．树脂固载催化剂金属粒度远小于活性炭负载催化剂的金属粒度．Ｘ 射线光电子能谱（ＸＰＳ）结果表明Ｐｄ和Ｃｕ均以零价态存在．在４ 甲基 ３ 戊烯 ２ 酮加氢反应中，树脂固载催化剂的活性和选择性均高于相应的活性炭负载催化剂     

金属蒸汽法制备聚合物固载Pd—Cu燃料电池电极

利用金属蒸汽法制备了三种不同金属重量比的树脂固载及活性炭负载Ｐｄ－Ｃｕ双金属催化剂。透射电镜和Ｘ射线衍射测定结果表明催化剂中Ｐｄ－Ｃｕ已形成合金。合金粒度极小，平均直径小平５ｎｍ。     

金属蒸气法制备聚合物固载双金属催化剂：II.聚合物比表面对Pd—Cu催化 …

利用金属蒸气法制备了四种比表面不同的树脂固载Ｐｄ－Ｃｕ双金属催化剂，Ｘ－射线衍射和透射电镜结果表明，随着树脂比表面积增大，固载量相同的Ｐｄ－Ｃｕ催化剂，Ｐｄ－Ｃｕ合金的颗粒减小，因而在甲苯，４－甲苯－４－羟基－２－戊酮加氢和电催化反应中活性增大。     

溶剂化金属原子浸渍法制备高分散负载型催化剂——ⅩⅤⅠ.聚合物负载La-Ni和Ni催化剂的性质

应用溶剂化金属原子浸渍(Solvated metal atom impregnation)技术制备了D-72树脂负载的和非负载的La-Ni和Ni催化剂.X-ray diffraction和磁测定结果表明La-Ni催化剂中La和Ni已形成合金.合金和镍颗粒极小,平均直径小于4.0nm.负载催化剂的金属粒度小于非负载催化剂.X-rayphotoelectron spectroscopy结果表明Ni主要以零价态存在,La以金属La和La_2O_3存在.在丙酮和二丙酮醇加氢反应中,D-72负载催化剂的活性均高于对应的非负载催化剂.     

聚合物比表面对Pd—Cu燃料电池电极催化活性的影响

利用金属蒸气法制备了四种比表面不同的树脂固载Ｐｄ－Ｃｕ燃料电池电极。Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）和透射电镜（ＴＥＭ）结果表明，随着树脂比表面积增大，固载量相同的Ｐｄ－Ｃｕ电极，Ｐｄ－Ｃｕ合金的颗粒减小，因而电催化活性增大。     

溶剂化金属原子浸渍法制备高分散负载型催化剂——ⅩⅤⅠ.聚合物负载La-Ni和Ni催化剂的性质

 应用溶剂化金属原子浸渍(Solvated metal atom impregnation)技术制备了D-72树脂负载的和非负载的La-Ni和Ni催化剂.X-ray diffraction和磁测定结果表明La-Ni催化剂中La和Ni已形成合金.合金和镍颗粒极小,平均直径小于4.0nm.负载催化剂的金属粒度小于非负载催化剂.X-rayphotoelectron spectroscopy结果表明Ni主要以零价态存在,La以金属La和La₂O₃存在.在丙酮和二丙酮醇加氢反应中,D-72负载催化剂的活性均高于对应的非负载催化剂.     

溶剂化金属原子浸渍法制备聚合物固载Co—Ag催化剂：Ⅲ.聚合？…

应用溶剂化金属原子浸渍法制血了四中不同比表面积树脂固载的Ｃｏ－Ａｇ双金属催化剂。射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）和磁测定结果表明，随着树脂比表面积的增大，具有相同金属含量的催化剂Ｃｏ和Ａｇ的颗粒减小，分散度增大，因而催化剂在二丙酮醇加氢以及燃料电池电极上氧还原的催化活性增大。     

一维/二维复合碳载体组成对Pd催化剂甲醇氧化性能的影响

采用固相-液相两步混合法制备了由碳纳米管（CNTs）和石墨烯纳米片（GNPs）组成的CNTs-GNPs复合载体。以乙二醇还原法将Pd纳米粒子沉积于复合碳载体上,制得Pd/CNTs-GNPs催化剂。以透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射及X射线光电子能谱表征催化剂的形貌、组成和结构;以电化学方法考察催化剂的甲醇电氧化性能。结果表明,Pd/CNTs-GNPs（1/4）（GNPs质量分数为1/4）催化剂具有较大的电化学表面积和较高的甲醇电氧化活性,其甲醇氧化峰电流密度可达Pd/CNTs催化剂的1.97倍。催化剂的高活性得益于CNTs-GNPs载体的一维/二维复合结构使Pd纳米粒子具有良好的分散性能。计时电流实验表明,与单一载体负载Pd催化剂相比,复合载体负载Pd催化剂具有较强的抗中毒能力。     

金属蒸气法制备聚合物固载双金属催化剂 Ⅱ.聚合物比表面对Pd-Cu催化剂分散度和活性的影响

利用金属蒸气法制备了四种比表面不同的树脂固载Ｐｄ Ｃｕ双金属催化剂．Ｘ 射线衍射和透射电镜结果表明，随着树脂比表面积增大，固载量相同的Ｐｄ Ｃｕ催化剂，Ｐｄ Ｃｕ合金的颗粒减小，因而在甲苯，４ 甲基 ４ 羟基 ２ 戊酮加氢和电催化反应中活性增大．     

Preparation and Characterization of Macroporous Resin Immobilized Pd—Cu Bimetallic Cluster Catalysts

The Solvated Metal Atom Impregnation (SMAI) technique was employed to prepare macroporous resin immobilized Pd-Cu bimetallic cluster catalysts.The X-ray diffraction(XRD) and transmission electron micrograph(TEM) showed that Pd-Cu alloy was formed and the particle sizes of Pd-Cu clusters were very small,with average diameters<3nm.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated that both Pd and Cu were in zero-valent state.The catalytic activities of the macroporous resin immobilized Pd-Cu catalysts in hydrogenation of 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one were much greater than that of the carbon supported Pd-Cu catalysts.     

Preparation and Characterization of Macroporous Resin Immobilized Pd－Cu Bimetallic Cluster Catalysts

ＰｒｅｐａｒａｔｉｏｎａｎｄＣｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｚａｔｉｏｎｏｆＭａｃｒｏｐｏｒｏｕｓＲｅｓｉｎＩｍｍｏｂｉｌｉｚｅｄＰｄ－ＣｕＢｉｍｅｔａｌｌｉｃＣｌｕｓｔｅｒＣａｔａｌｙｓｔｓＷｕＳｈｉｈｕａ；ＺｈｕＣｈａｎｇｙｉｎｇ；ＨｕａｎｇＷｅｉｑｉｎｇ，...     

SMAI和CI法制备的Ni—Ag／SiO2催化剂的结构与催化性质研究

应用溶剂化金属原子浸渍（ＳＭＡＩ）法和普通浸渍（ＣＩ）法制备了金属含量相同的ＳｉＯ２负载Ｎｉ－Ａｇ双金属催化剂。ＸＲＤ和磁测定结果表明ＳＭＡＩ催化剂中Ｎｉ和Ａｇ的粒度均小于金属含量相同的ＣＩ催化剂，ＳＭＡＩ催化剂中Ｎｉ和Ａｇ未形成合金，而ＣＩ催化剂中Ｎｉ和Ａｇ形成了合金。ＳＭＡＩ和ＣＩ催化剂都具有超顺磁性。研究了这些催化剂在甲苯加氢反应的催化性质，结果表明与组成相同的普通浸渍法催化相比，ＳＭＡＩ催     

Supported Pd-Cu bimetallic nanoparticles that have high activity for the electrochemical oxidation of methanol

Monodisperse bimetallic Pd-Cu nanoparticles with controllable size and composition were synthesized by a one-step multiphase ethylene glycol (EG) method. Adjusting the stoichiometric ratio of the Pd and Cu precursors afforded nanoparticles with different compositions, such as Pd(85)-Cu(15), Pd(56)-Cu(44), and Pd(39)-Cu(61). The nanoparticles were separated from the solution mixture by extraction with non-polar solvents, such as n-hexane. Monodisperse bimetallic Pd-Cu nanoparticles with narrow size-distribution were obtained without the need for a size-selection process. Capping ligands that were bound to the surface of the particles were removed through heat treatment when the as-prepared nanoparticles were loaded onto a Vulcan XC-72 carbon support. Supported bimetallic Pd-Cu nanoparticles showed enhanced electrocatalytic activity towards methanol oxidation compared with supported Pd nanoparticles that were fabricated according to the same EG method. For a bimetallic Pd-Cu catalyst that contained 15?% Cu, the activity was even comparable to the state-of-the-art commercially available Pt/C catalysts. A STEM-HAADF study indicated that the formation of random solid-solution alloy structures in the bimetallic Pd(85)-Cu(15)/C catalysts played a key role in improving the electrochemical activity.     

Polymer-mediated synthesis of highly dispersed Pt nanoparticles on carbon black

A new method was developed to prepare highly dispersed Pt nanoparticles on carbon black to use as proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell catalysts. This method involves using a polymer, poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), to prevent particle aggregation and thereby reduce nanoparticle sizes to achieve high dispersion. It was found that Pt nanoparticles mediated by PVP are smaller than those obtained without PVP and have a narrower size distribution. Well-dispersed Pt nanoparticles with metal loadings from 5 to 35 wt % were obtained on carbon black (Vulcan XC-72R). It was found that well-dispersed Pt nanoparticles on carbon black could be synthesized at a PVP monomers-to-Pt atoms ratio of 0.1 under our experimental conditions. Larger amounts of PVP did not produce smaller nanoparticles, but rather reduced the Pt mass loading on carbon black. The morphology of the Pt nanoparticles that were supported on carbon black was characterized with transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Their active surface areas were determined using cyclic voltammetry in a sulfuric acid solution. High Pt dispersion was obtained for the catalysts synthesized with PVP mediation, even at Pt loadings up to 35 wt %. The catalysts prepared with PVP mediation generally showed larger active specific areas than did those prepared without PVP.     

pH值对微波协助乙二醇法制备PtRu/C催化剂的影响

以微波协助乙二醇工艺合成了碳负载不同粒径大小的PtRu/C纳米催化剂, 主要考察了溶液pH值对PtRu粒子大小的影响. 利用紫外可见光谱、能量散射X射线谱、透射电镜和X射线衍射谱对PtRu纳米催化剂进行了表征. 结果表明, pH值是一个对PtRu粒子大小有着重要影响的因素. TEM结果显示随着溶液pH值的增加, PtRu粒径从3.5 nm减小到1.5 nm. 当溶液pH值达到11.0时, 由于金属粒子被保护, 合成的催化剂中金属载量明显减少. 溶液pH 值在9.0 右合成的PtRu/C催化剂具有适宜粒径(2.4 nm)和均匀分布的金属颗粒, 具有最好的甲醇电氧化活性.     

过渡金属氧化物和金属负载型沸石催化剂上合成 纳米碳管及其表征

采用气相催化沉积法催化合成纳米碳管,比较了不同金属氧化物和金属负载型沸石催化剂以及不同分子筛载体对合成纳米碳管的影响,并用TEM,XRD表征其形貌和结晶度,用DTA-TG考察了纳米碳管的热和稳定性。实验结果表明纳米碳管的形成除了与金属种类有关外,还直接与催化剂的颗粒大小和分散状态有关。粒径在20nm左右的不规则形状的纳米粒子是形成纳米碳管的活性组分,非负载和负载型的催化剂均表明活性组分的粒径与纳米碳管的管径有一定的对应关系。化学提纯后能得到高纯度的纳米碳管;其管壁具有较好的石墨化结构,在空气中的热稳定性大于400℃,而在氮气中能维持到1200℃以上。