(1S,2S)-1,2-二苯基乙二胺修饰Ir/SiO2催化苯乙酮及其衍生物不对称加氢（英文）

不添加任何稳定剂,在碱性条件下制备了5%Ir/SiO2催化剂,并用于催化苯乙酮的不对称加氢反应中,详细考察了碱和手性修饰剂种类、氢气压力、反应温度、(1S,2S)-1,2-二苯基乙二胺((1S,2S)-DPEN)浓度对反应的影响.在优化反应条件下,5%Ir/SiO2催化剂表现出较好的反应活性和对映选择性.其中,苯乙酮不对称加氢反应的对映选择性达70%.该催化剂不需要任何稳定剂,制备方法简单,催化性能稳定,通过简单的离心分离即可循环使用.     

L-脯氨酸修饰的铱催化苯乙酮及其衍生物不对称加氢反应

在温和条件下制备了L-脯氨酸稳定并修饰的负载型金属铱催化剂,用于苯乙酮及其衍生物不对称催化加氢反应. 考察了L-脯氨酸的量、溶剂、碱以及碱的量和氢气压力对苯乙酮不对称催化加氢反应的影响. 结果显示,该催化剂催化苯乙酮不对称加氢反应获得了92.1%的转化率和32.9%的对映选择性(e.e.),催化2′-(三氟甲基)苯乙醇的对映选择性为39.3,这一结果高于目前报道的天然手性修饰剂修饰的负载型金属催化剂. 该催化循环使用5次, 对映选择性只有小幅度下降.     

(1S,2S)-1,2-二苯基乙二胺修饰Ir/SiO_2催化苯乙酮及其衍生物不对称加氢(英文)

不添加任何稳定剂,在碱性条件下制备了5%Ir/SiO2催化剂,并用于催化苯乙酮的不对称加氢反应中,详细考察了碱和手性修饰剂种类、氢气压力、反应温度、(1S,2S)-1,2-二苯基乙二胺((1S,2S)-DPEN)浓度对反应的影响.在优化反应条件下,5%Ir/SiO2催化剂表现出较好的反应活性和对映选择性.其中,苯乙酮不对称加氢反应的对映选择性达70%.该催化剂不需要任何稳定剂,制备方法简单,催化性能稳定,通过简单的离心分离即可循环使用.     

(1S,2S)-1,2-二苯基乙二胺修饰Ir/HAP催化苯乙酮及其衍生物的不对称加氢反应

采用浸渍法在温和条件下制备了羟基磷灰石负载的铱催化剂(Ir/HAP), 并以X射线衍射(XRD), 透射电子显微镜(TEM), X射线光电子能谱(XPS), 比表面积测定(BET)以及附带能量散射X射线谱的扫描电子显微镜(SEM-EDS)等手段对载体和催化剂进行了表征. 以(1S,2S)-1,2-二苯基乙二胺((1S,2S)-DPEN)为手性修饰剂时, 该催化剂对苯乙酮及其衍生物不对称加氢反应表现出较高活性和对映选择性(ee). 在氢气压力为3.0 MPa、303 K条件下反应3 h, 苯乙酮及其衍生物的加氢转化率在94.7%以上, 其中生成2'-(三氟甲基)苯乙醇的对映选择性高达81.5%. 在不使用其它配体作稳定剂的情况下, 该结果比目前文献报道值高. 通过对比研究发现, 羟基磷灰石作为载体优于二氧化硅等其它无机载体. 催化剂通过简单离心分离可循环使用多次, 无明显的金属铱流失.     

(1S,2S)-DPEN修饰的Ir/Al2O3催化苯乙酮及其衍生物的不对称加氢反应$

在碱性条件下制备了三氧化二铝负载的铱(Ir/γ-Al2O3)催化剂,并用于苯乙酮及其衍生物的不对称催化加氢反应.考察了不同的碱、碱浓度、手性二胺(1S,2S)-1,2-二苯基乙二胺[(1S,2S)-DPEN]浓度、反应温度和反应压力对催化剂及反应的影响.结果显示,在优化反应条件下,该催化剂表现出较高的催化活性和良好的对映选择性,其中异丁酰苯不对称催化加氢反应的对映选择性达到了80.3%.该催化剂不需要使用任何稳定剂,制备方法简单,催化性能稳定,通过简单的离心分离即可循环使用.     

手性二胺修饰的Ru/γ-Al2O3催化剂催化芳香酮不对称加氢

研究了用手性修饰剂(1S,2S)-(-)-1,2-二苯基乙二胺修饰的负载型钌催化剂(Ru/γ-Al2O3)催化芳香酮的不对称加氢反应,在KOH的异丙醇溶液中,10～20℃,=5MPa条件下,芳香酮及其衍生物加氢产物的ee值达79.5%～85.0%,2-乙酰基噻吩加氢产物的ee值可达86.2%.此催化剂制备简单,容易与产物分离,重复使用4次,对映选择性基本保持不变.pH2     

手性二胺修饰的Ru/γ-Al2O3催化剂催化芳香酮不对称加氢

研究了用手性修饰剂(1S,2S)-(-)-1,2-二苯基乙二胺修饰的负载型钌催化剂(Ru/γ-Al2O3)催化芳香酮的不对称加氢反应,在KOH的异丙醇溶液中,10～20℃,pH2=5 MPa条件下,芳香酮及其衍生物加氢产物的ee值达79.5%～85.0%,2-乙酰基噻吩加氢产物的ee值可达86.2%.此催化剂制备简单,容易与产物分离,重复使用4次,对映选择性基本保持不变.     

L-氨基酸衍生物修饰的Ru/γ-Al_2O_3催化芳香酮不对称加氢研究

以系列L-氨基酸衍生物作为手性修饰剂,研究了三苯基膦(tpp)稳定的1.0%Ru/γ-Al2O3催化剂催化芳香酮多相不对称加氢,考察了稳定剂种类、修饰剂种类、金属负载量、底物浓度、温度、压力等因素对不对称加氢反应的影响。结果表明,L-氨基酸衍生物对1.0%Ru/γ-Al2O3/2tpp催化剂具有较好的修饰作用,在优化反应条件下芳香酮加氢反应的对映选择性达33%-81%,苯乙酮加氢反应的对映选择性可达70%。     

手性胺修饰的羟基磷灰石负载RuCl_2(TPP)_3催化不对称氢化苯乙酮

采用共沉淀法制备了手性胺(L-脯氨酸、D-脯氨酸、(1R,2R)-1,2-二苯基乙二胺二磺酸钠((1R,2R)-DPENDS)、(1S,2S)-1,2-二苯基乙二胺二磺酸钠((1S,2S)-DPENDS))修饰的羟基磷灰石(HAP).并采用傅里叶变换红外(FT-IR)光谱,扫描电子显微镜(SEM),X射线衍射(XRD)和比表面积测定(BET)等仪器分析手段对其进行表征.以手性胺修饰的羟基磷灰石做载体负载RuCl2(TPP)3催化苯乙酮不对称加氢反应,详细考察温度、压力、碱的浓度、手性胺负载量等条件对催化反应的影响.在氢气压力为5.0 MPa、30℃条件下反应4 h,苯乙酮的不对称加氢反应,可获得99.9%转化率和77.8%对映选择性,其结果优于对应的均相催化反应.实验结果证明,催化反应在载体表面完成,催化剂通过简单离心分离可循环使用.     

手性二胺修饰的镍配合物催化苯乙酮及其衍生物的不对称加氢反应

本文研究了由手性修饰剂(S,S)D-DPEN(DPEN:1,2一二苯基乙二胺)在反应条件下与NiCl2(PPh3)2原位生成的手性催化剂对苯乙酮及其衍生物不对称加氢反应的催化性能,考察了反应温度、反应压力、(S,S)-DPEN浓度等变化因素对催化活性和对映选择性的影响。结果表明,在15℃,氢气压力为8.0MPa,乙醇作溶剂时,苯乙酮加氢产物(R)-苯乙醇的对映选择性达到了77.2%e.e。     

壳聚糖负载L-脯氨酸对水中不对称Aldol反应的催化性能

以壳聚糖为载体制备了负载型L-脯氨酸不对称催化剂;将合成产物用于催化丙酮与取代苯甲醛在水中的直接不对称Aldol反应,考察了其催化性能.结果表明,与在有机溶剂中的L-脯氨酸催化剂相比,在水相中的壳聚糖负载L-脯氨酸催化剂表现出更好的催化活性;就间硝基苯甲醛与丙酮在水中的不对称Aldol反应而言,壳聚糖负载L-脯氨酸催化下的产率和ee值分别达95%和48%.此外,壳聚糖负载L-脯氨酸催化剂在水中具有很好的重复使用性能,重复使用10次后相应的产率和ee值分别为88%和68%.     

聚氯乙烯负载L-脯氨酸催化不对称Aldol反应的研究

以聚氯乙烯为载体,合成两种负载型催化剂水解聚氯乙烯四乙烯五胺负载L-脯氨酸催化剂(HPTP)和聚氯乙烯四乙烯五胺负载L-脯氨酸催化剂(PTP),催化剂中脯氨酸负载量分别为2.46 mmol/g和1.52 mmol/g。两种催化剂均可实现对不对称Aldol反应的催化,但HPTP的活性和选择性均较PTP的高。HPTP在水中可以催化多种苯甲醛与丙酮的不对称Aldol反应,取得中等的ee值。HPTP经过回收还可以重复利用,显示了较好的性能。在合适的反应条件下,HPTP催化对硝基苯甲醛和丙酮的反应,获得最高75%的产率和39%的ee值。     

Titania-supported iridium catalysts for dehydrogenative synthesis of benzimidazoles

In this review,development of supported catalysts for the dehydrogenative synthesis of benzimidazoles from primary alcohols and 1,2-phenyIenediamine derivatives is briefly summarized.Among them,titania-supported iridium catalysts showed excellent activities under mild reaction conditions.Remarkably,the low-temperature activity of iridium catalyst was significantly affected by titania supports,and the reaction of 1,2-phenylenediamine and benzyl alcohol in the presence of rutilesupported catalysts proceeded smoothly at 100℃to give 2-phenylbenzimidazole in high yields of up to 88%,On the other hand,catalysts supported on anatase generally showed poor activity at 100℃.A significant relationship between CO uptake and the activity of titania-supported catalysts has been reported,indicating that well-reduced iridium species on rutile would be responsible for the predominant catalytic activity.The present results suggest the importance of the selection of suitable titania supports for the iridium catalysts.     

L-Proline Functionalized Polymers Prepared by RAFT Polymerization and Their Assemblies as Supported Organocatalysts

We have prepared a range of well-defined copolymers of styrene and L-proline functionalized styrene (5-11 kDa) using reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization techniques and explored their use in supported catalysis. Upon deprotection of the L-proline functionalities, the solution self-assembly of these copolymers was investigated in mixed solvent systems. The resulting assemblies were characterized by dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy (on graphene oxide substrates, along with cryo-TEM and tomography), and scanning electron microscopy. The application of these functional assemblies as supported catalysts for the aldol condensation reaction was explored using cyclohexanone and 4-nitrobenzaldehyde. The rate and selectivity of solution catalysis in our self-assembled system were comparable to those of L-proline, and a significant advantage of our system was that the polymer support could be utilized at lower catalyst loadings with comparable activity and also could be recycled a number of times while maintaining activity and selectivity.     

New carbon nanofiber/graphite felt composite for use as a catalyst support for hydrazine catalytic decomposition

Graphite felt supporting 40 nm diameter carbon nanofibers was synthesized and successfully used as a support for a high loaded iridium catalyst (30 wt%) in the decomposition of hydrazine; a strong mechanical resistance and a high thermal conductivity led to a very efficient and stable catalyst as compared to that used industrially, iridium supported on a high surface area alumina.     

L-脯氨酸修饰的Ru-PPh3/γ-Al2O3催化芳香酮不对称加氢反应

以L-脯氨酸为修饰剂,研究了膦配体稳定的Ru-PPh3/γ-Al2O3催化剂催化芳香酮不对称加氢反应,考察了不同稳定剂、L-脯氨酸浓度、KOH浓度、反应温度和氢气压力等因素对加氢反应的影响,结果表明,天然手性化合物L-脯氨酸对Ru-PPh3/γ-Al2O3催化剂具有较好的修饰作用,在优化反应条件下,苯乙酮加氢产物(S)...     

Retracted: Synthesis of 2-Arylisoindoline Derivatives Catalyzed by Reusable 1,2,4-Triazole Iridium on Mesoporous Silica through a Cascade Borrowing Hydrogen Strategy

Covalent attachment of a 1,2,4-triazole iridium complex to mesoporous MCM-41 generated a heterogeneous catalyst that was found to be effective in the synthesis of 2-aryl isoindolines, quinolines, cyclic amines, and symmetrical secondary amines through a cascade borrowing hydrogen strategy. Interestingly, the supported heterogeneous iridium catalyst prepared from the 1,2,4-triazole iridium complex and mesoporous MCM-41 exhibited high catalytic activity in the preparation of 2-aryl isoindoline derivatives and symmetrical secondary amines. The catalyst system is highly recyclable for at least five times. Besides the important effect of the triazole, iridium sites grafted on siliceous supports can act as multifunctional catalytic centers and thus greatly enhance the catalytic activity of the catalysts. Furthermore, mechanistic experiments revealed that the reaction is initiated by an initial alcohol dehydrogenation and promoted by an iridium hydride intermediate. Importantly, the direct detection of a diagnostic iridium hydride signal confirmed that the synthesis of 2-aryl isoindolines occurs by a borrowing hydrogen process. This work provides an efficient example of isoindolines synthesis through a borrowing hydrogen strategy.     

A concept of supported amino acid ionic liquids and their application in metal scavenging and heterogeneous catalysis

Novel supported task-specific ionic liquids have been developed for the first time via the ionic-pair coupling of imidazolium cation of the modified polystyrene support with L-proline. The materials have shown an efficient metal scavenging ability (e.g., CuI, Pd(OAc)2, Pd0, and IrCl3) without the aid of a nonimmobilized ionic liquid, which relies on the highly synergistic effect of the coordination with the nitrogen atom and the COO- group of the L-proline moiety, electrostatic forces, and steric protection. The resulting metal-soaked supported ionic liquids can be used as efficient heterogeneous catalysts. These materials have been investigated in the CuI-catalyzed N-arylation of nitrogen-containing heterocycles and exhibit much higher catalytic activity and a more extensive structural range of aryl and heteroaryl halides than those exhibited by free L-proline in combination with CuI both in the ionic liquid ([BMIM][BF4]) and in the corresponding homogeneous reaction conditions. The CuI-soaked catalyst 4a-2 can be recycled for nine runs at least without any considerable loss of activity. To the best of our knowledge, our catalytic process is among the most efficient approaches to the N-arylation of imidazoles with aryl halides so far reported. Furthermore, the Pd-soaked material 4a-2 also shows higher catalytic activity in the solvent-free hydrogenation of styrene to ethylbenzene. This new concept is generally applicable and may easily be extended to other supported task-specific ionic liquids.     

CC Coupling of Ketones with Methanol Catalyzed by a N‐Heterocyclic Carbene–Phosphine Iridium Complex

An N‐heterocyclic carbene–phosphine iridium complex system was found to be a very efficient catalyst for the methylation of ketone via a hydrogen transfer reaction. Mild conditions together with low catalyst loading (1 mol %) were used for a tandem process which involves the dehydrogenation of methanol, C?C bond formation with a ketone, and hydrogenation of the new generated double bond by iridium hydride to give the alkylated product. Using this iridium catalyst system, a number of branched ketones were synthesized with good to excellent conversions and yields.