THE SYNTHESIS OF PARAPHERCMONES OF THE RICE STEM BORER MOTH,CHILO SUPPRESSALIS WALKER

(Z)-Hexadenes,their epoxides and arylanalogs were prepared s'tereo-specifically by Wittig reaction of alkylidenetriphenylphosphoranes with alkylaldehydes or arylaldehydes respectively.(E)-5-Hexadecene was obtained from the conversion of (Z)-5-hexadecene via addition of bromine,elimination-reduction with NaNH2/NH3 These compounds are active in EAG responses.     

水稻粉营养成分分析标准物质的研制

水稻经脱壳,粉碎,过筛,用60Coγ射线照射使其贮存稳定期达7年以上;进行了水稻粉营养成分分析标准物质的研制,用数理统计F检验法和t检验法检验证明其与均匀性良好,由9个单位共同协作定值,经统计检验,把水稻粉中粗蛋白质,粗淀粉,氨基酸总量,天门冬氨酸,苏氨酸,丝氨酸,谷氨酸,脯氨酸,甘氨酸,丙氨酸,缬氨酸,蛋氨酸,异亮氨酸,亮氨酸,酷氨酸,苯丙氨酸,赖氨酸,组氨酸,精氨酸19个营养成分的量值定为标准值;该标准物质的稳定性,均匀性及营养成分定值的不确定度均符合国家级标准物质技术指标,已被批准为国家级标准物质。     

稻壳吸附剂提高啤酒稳定性的研究

利用稻壳良好的吸附特性,制备成吸附剂用于提高啤酒的稳定性。稻壳粉碎与稀硫酸混合,240℃密封干馏,再以高温灼烧活化,得到对单宁有较强吸附能力的稻壳吸附剂。以此吸附剂去除啤酒中的部分单宁,以提高酒体的胶体稳定性,试验表明,每100ml啤酒以0．4g吸附剂在15℃下搅拌吸30min,可使酒中单宁量下降16．7％,从而减缓了引起啤酒混浊的缔合反应,使酒体稳定性明显提高。与聚乙烯聚吡咯烷酮比较,具有吸附速度快、吸附单宁更强及成本低廉的优点。     

2-氨基-1,3,4-噻二唑的抗水稻白叶枯病机制的探讨

药师寺国人等于1971年发现2-氨基-1,3,4-噻二唑(ATDA)具有优越的抗水稻白叶枯病菌的性能,并发现这种性能可被烟酰胺抵消.一般认为,ATDA的作用与细菌细胞中烟酰胺的代谢有关.为了探明ATDA的活性与结构的关系,并从中找出有效的同类化合物,进一步了解这个药剂的抗病机制,我们合成了几类新的噻二唑化合物,连同以前报导的     

悬浮液进样火焰原子吸收光谱法测定豆米类粮食中镁

将样品磨细配制成悬浮液,并对悬浮剂的选择及化学干扰的消除进行了考查。为消除化学干扰，取适量悬浮液，加入La3+溶液制成试液。将试液喷入空气-乙炔火焰，以空白溶液为参比，用工作曲线法进行测定。测定结果与灰化法一致，相对误差小于±1.3％。方法简便、快速、准确。     

MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF RICE Wx GENE

The complete nucleotide (nt) sequence of the rice waxy(Wx) gene, which is responsible for the synthesis of amylose in endosperm and pollen, has been determined by a combination of restriction mapping and nt sequence analysis of two overlapping genomic DNA clones. The entire gene is about 5.5 kb in length. The alignment of the nt sequence of the Wx gene from rice with those of maize (Klsgen, R. B. et al.) and barley (Rohde, W. et al.) revealed the presence of thirteen introns and fourteen exons. The full-length of Wx protein in cluding transit peptide is 609 amino acid (aa) residues. The calculated molecular weight of rice Wx preprotein is about 72 kD. There is no significant difference between the similarity scores of the aa sequence deduced from the rice Wx gene compared with those of maize and barley. However, the nt sequences of the 5'-end upstream, 3'-end downstream and introns of the rice Wx gene, as well as the aa sequence of the transit peptide region of the Wx preprotein have low similarity scor     

~(13)C-NMR光谱分析稻草木素的特征

本文从稻草(Oryza Sativa L.)中,按Bjorkman方法分离出磨木木素,然后测定其定量~(13)℃—NMR光谱。通过光谱分析,可知稻草木素有如下特征:稻草木素是由三种苯基丙烷结构单元组成:木素分子中含有大量的以酯键结合的对香豆酸及少量的取代酚酸。这些都与木材木素有明显的区别。     

REGULATION OF NITRATE REDUCTASE ACTIVITY IN RICE

The properties of NR from rice varieties Yuanfengzao and Jingyin 127 are the same in molecular weight of native enzyme and subunit, optimum pH, K_m value for substrates NO_3~- and NADH, stability in vitro and immunological characteristics. The decay rate in vitro of the activity of the partially purified NR from Yuanfengzao is 20％ lower than that from Jingyin 127. The results from antiserum titration and rocket immunoelectrophoresis indicated that the amount of NR in Yuanfengzao is about 1.5 times more than that in Jingyin 127. Further study on in vivo incorporation of ~3H-labeled amino acids into NR revealed that the rate of NR synthesis in Yuanfengzao is obviously higher than that in Jingyin 127. In vitro translation of mRNA showed that the products of NR-mRNA per unit of total mRNA of Yuanfengzao is much more than that of Jingyin 127. It is concluded that, therefore, NR activity in rice is regulated through NR synthesis and NR-inhibitory protein(s) system, the former is further controlled at the lev     

大米成分分析标准物质的研制

从辽宁盘锦、四川简阳和湖南岳阳采集3个大米标准物质为候选物,粉碎至粒径小于0.18 mm的颗粒,并充分混匀.采用X-射线荧光光谱法进行均匀性检验,采用等离子体质谱法进行稳定性检验,结果显示制备的大米标准物质均匀性、稳定性良好.由14家实验室联合定值,采用高灵敏度、高精度的方法测试了58种元素,其中43种元素给出标准值.     

反应条件对稻杆热解产物分布的影响

以稻杆为研究对象，在温度６５０℃－１０００℃，考察了热解因素包括最终温度，析出挥发性产物停留时间，传热与传质强化措施，原料颗粒尺寸和原料种类对稻杆在间壁式加热固定床上热解产物分布的影响。结果表明，温度，停留时间，传热与传质强化措施对热解产物分布影响显著，转化率随各种反应条件的变化可高达８０％。     

原子荧光光谱法测定大米中的汞

以氯化亚锡为还原剂,结合SYG-Ⅱ型智能冷原子荧光测汞的技术结构特点,研究了原子荧光光谱法对大米中汞的测定。汞标准浓度在0～2.0μg/L范围内与荧光强度具有良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9997。该方法测定结果的相对标准偏差为3.06%(n=10),检出限为0.02mg/kg,加标回收率为90%～108%。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱同时测定大米中的4种烟碱农药残留量

建立了高效液相色谱法同时测定大米样品中呋虫胺、噻虫胺、吡虫啉、吡虫清4种烟碱农药残留量的检测方法,对4种烟碱农药在ENVI-Florisil和Carb复合固相萃取柱上的保留行为进行了研究。样品用乙腈提取,固相萃取净化,HPLC-DAD分离检测,外标法定量。峰面积与标准溶液浓度在0.1～1.0 mg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数大于0.9996。样品加标回收率为75.5%～96.0%,相对标准偏差为0.49%～4.36%(n=6),检出限达到0.004 mg/kg。     

SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EXCITED STATES OF THE PRODUCT OF THE CHEMILUMINESCENCE OF LUMINOL*

Abstract— In dimethylsulfoxide the emission spectrum of luminol chemiluminescence is red-shifted by 300 cm^-1 from the photoexcited fluorescence of the product 3-aminophthalate dianion, while in aqueous solvent the two spectra are identical. The spectral properties of the product dianion have been measured in aqueous solvent and in a number of aprotic solvents, both at room temperature and at 77°K. The ground states and the excited states from which emissions are observed are characterized. Two alternatives are presented to explain the aprotic emission spectra.     

丙烯聚合络合催化剂形成过程的研究

以倍半物为还原剂还原TiCl_4,经异戊醚络合处理,然后在TiCl_4己烷溶液中35℃条件下热处理,制得对丙烯聚合具有高活性和高定向度的络合催化剂。研究了制备过程中各步反应产物的组成和结构特征,并讨论了TiCl_3低温晶型转变机理。     

高压消解-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定大米中痕量铅铬镉镍和钴

采用高压溶样弹，将样品用硝酸－过氧化氢溶解后，用FAAS法对大米中铅、铬、镉、镍和钴测定，回收率为96％－103％，RSD分别为2.7%、3.1%、4.3%、3.9%和1.8%。应用于出口大米检测，取得满意的结果。     

ON THE ACCURACY OF DIFFERENTIAL MEASUREMENTS OF THE MINIMAL ERYTHEMA DOSE: INFLUENCE OF THE DISCRETENESS OF THE SCALE

The minimal erythema dose (MED) is often used as a quantity by which the influence of certain treatments of the skin can be measured. Differential measurements are performed by assessing the difference of the MED on the skin treated in some way and the untreated skin.
As the MED-measuring scale is discrete, the question is sometimes raised whether it is possible to measure differences smaller than one scale unit. In the present paper it is shown that this is indeed possible; in principle the discreteness of the scale does not impose any restriction on the smallest value of the difference that can be measured. The discreteness of the scale introduces an extra random variation into the measurement. This variation is estimated theoretically. It is automatically included in the usual error analysis.
The discreteness variance is small when compared to other variance components, which are computed from an analysis of variance of actual experiments. Reducing the discreteness variance, by reducing the dose decrement of the MED-measuring scale, therefore, does not enhance the overall accuracy considerably. Finally, it is found that the assessments of the MED by the various observers do not differ significantly from each other, and that multiple assessments do increase the accuracy, especially for small effects.     

光谱透射比标准物质的研究

研制了紫外、可见、近红外光谱区通用光谱透射比较标准物质。以高纯熔融石英为基片材料，镍铬合金的镀膜材料，采用双光楔对称光胶结构以消除同色杂散光的影响，对镀膜进行光胶处理以保证膜层的强度、稳定性及光学中性，采用高精度分光光度测量装置作为定值手段的以保证准确的定值，设计定位保护架以消除多次反射误差。该光度标准适用的光谱范围的200-2600nm，光谱透射比定值不确定度为0.5%。     

六氟丙烯等离子体聚合机理研究

<正> 在以前的工作中,我们曾应用色谱-质谱(GC-MS)及顺磁共振(ESR)等方法研究了四氟乙烯和三氟氯乙烯等离子体聚合过程中气体冷凝物的组成及结构,提出自由基引发聚合反应机理。本文用类似方法研究六氟丙烯(HFP)等离子体气体冷凝物的组成与结构和冷凝物的ESR信号及其从低温到高温的变化规律,证实了自由基的稳定性并提出气相聚合反应机理。     

分光光度法低浓度区不成线性关系的探讨

本文研究分光光度法低浓度区不成线性的有关因素及其克服方法,以铝-二甲酚橙体系为例,通过对体系不同条件下吸收光谱及其等色点的研究,发现当体系pH渐变时(铝,二甲酚橙浓度固定不变),曲线簇现两个等色点.从对等色点的分析,证明体系形成络合物须按一个反应式进行才能出现等色点,而与反应式是否涉及到两个或三个有色化合物无关.若同时按两个反应式进行,则不能得到等色点,测定时也无线性关系.所以用这个体系进行铝的测定,铝浓度的变化范围只能限于存在等色点的区间才有线性关系. 为了克服常法测定铝时不符线性的现象,本文采用的方法是在二甲酚橙中预先加适量的铝作为显色剂,使反应严格按一个反应式进行,所得结果为一直线.