氨基取代苯并咪唑衍生物的合成及在酮的氢转移反应中的应用

以α-氨基酸与邻苯二胺在微波辐射下反应合成了α-氨基取代苯并咪唑(1～5).1-(1H-苯并[d]咪唑-2-基)乙胺(1)与溴丁烷反应可形成单丁基、二丁基、三丁基取代产物1a～1d,1的氨基经Boc保护,N-烷基化后制备咪唑环上的N-烷基化产物1i～1g.制备的氨基取代咪唑与Ru(II)化合物原位组成催化体系,考察了其在取代苯乙酮的氢转移反应中的催化活性.结果表明RuCl2(PPh3)3与各配体组成的催化剂均有较好的催化活性,含有NH2基团的α-氨基取代苯并咪唑化合物参与的催化体系催化活性最好,TOF(Turnover frequency)可达到40200 h-1.     

Bischler-Napieralski反应合成那可丁及其衍生物的立体化学

对通过Bischler-Napieralski反应制备的那可丁及其衍生物的立体选择性进行了研究. 以N-β-(3-甲氧基-4,5-亚甲二氧基苯基)乙基-6 ,7 -二甲氧基苯并呋喃酮-3-酰胺(1)和N-β-(3,4-亚甲二氧基苯基)乙基-6 ,7 -二甲氧基苯并呋喃酮-3-酰胺(2)为原料, 经Bischler-Napieralski反应和硼氢化钠还原制得五对苯酞类四氢异喹啉类化合物对映体3, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 其中3和5a经氮甲基化反应得到外消旋的那可丁(α-narcotine)和白毛莨碱(b-hydrastine). 该法制得的苯酞类四氢异喹啉类化合物具有一定的立体选择性, 产物构型以赤式对映体为主, 中间产物二氢异喹啉环8位取代基的空间位阻将导致硼氢化钠还原时产生立体选择性.     

异莰烷基甲酸及其酯类的合成与结构分析

以莰烯为原料,经Vilsmeier-Haack反应、催化加氢得到异莰烷基甲醛,异莰烷基甲醛经氧化反应得到异莰烷基甲酸。在对甲苯磺酸的催化下,与一系列一元醇(正丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、仲丁醇、正戊醇、异戊醇和环己醇)进行酯化反应,合成了未见报道的7种异莰烷基甲酸酯类化合物4a-4g,产率在61~84%之间,采用IR、MS、~1H NMR及~(13)C NMR对产物进行了结构表征。分析了异莰烷基甲酸酯及其反应中间体的合成方法。本研究可为莰烯的精细化学利用提供一定的理论基础。     

十二氢十二硼酸双(二烷基-5-氨基四唑)盐的合成、表征及热性能

尝试将十二氢十二硼阴离子(B_(12)H_(12)~(2-))与含烷基的氨基四唑阳离子结合,得到了一系列新型的硼氢氨基四唑盐含能材料.首先以1-或2-位单烷基化的5-氨基四唑(5-ATZ)为原料,分别与碘甲烷、碘乙烷进行双烷基化反应,合成双烷基的5-氨基四唑的碘盐,其中烷基包括甲基、乙基、正丁基、正己基,而烷基的位置包括1,3-或1,4-位;再与自主合成的十二氢十二硼酸钾在水溶液中经复分解反应,合成了十一种新型十二氢十二硼酸双(二烷基-5-氨基四唑)盐,收率均在70%以上,且在提纯、干燥等条件下化学性质稳定.通过FT-IR、~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR、~(11)B NMR、质谱及元素分析对十一种产物的结构进行了准确表征.采用热重分析(TG)和差示扫描量热(DSC)研究了十一种目标化合物的热性能,结果表明,这十一种目标化合物的热稳定性较高,热分解温度都在200℃以上,1,4-二甲基、1-甲基-4-乙基、1,3-二甲基、1-甲基-3-乙基、1-乙基-3-甲基的5种盐的快速热分解发生在结晶熔化之前;其他6种盐的快速热分解发生在结晶熔化之后.这一系列高能化合物在新型含能材料研究中具有重要价值.     

3-取代酚酮5位偶联产物的溴氧化成环反应

报道了采用溴氧化3-异丙烯基(艹卓)酚酮和3-肉桂酰基(艹卓)酚酮合成杂环并(艹卓)酮化合物的新方法。3-异丙烯基(艹卓)酚酮5位偶联产物1a～1f和3-肉桂酰基(艹卓)酚酮5位偶联产物3a～3d分别在吡啶介质中与过量溴作用生成5-取代苯偶氮基-7-溴-3-甲基-8-氢环庚并呋喃-8-酮2a～2f和6-取代苯偶氮基-2-苯基-8-溴-4,9-二氢环庚并吡喃-4,9-二酮4a～4d。     

癸硼氢作为硼氢化试剂

本文指出癸硼氢可以作为一种新的硼氢化试剂;它与烯烃在四氢呋喃中反应,然后经碱性过氧化氢氧化水解,可获得正常的硼氢化产物.即自莰烯可获得内异莰醇和外异茨醛,自Δ~2-胆甾烯获得3α-,2α-和3β-胆甾醇的混合物,自Δ~5-胆甾烯获得6α-胆甾醇和6α-胆甾酮;癸硼氢也可将3-胆甾酮还原为3β和3α-胆甾醇的混合物.据反应进行情况以及产品的结构,证明癸硼氢的硼氢化反应亦是通过顺式加成的机制,并且从双键位阻较小的一面进行反应.在Δ~5-胆甾烯的硼氢化反应中,癸硼氢的反应性较乙硼氢差,空间效应可能是这种差别的原因之一.莰烯、Δ~2-胆甾烯及3-胆甾酮与癸硼氢的反应的分子比分别为2. 3至2. 5∶1;1. 5∶1和6至7∶1.     

3-仲氨基氧杂环丁烷-3-腈衍生物的合成

以仲胺、氧杂环丁-3-酮和三甲基氰硅烷为原料,无水甲醇为溶剂,无需催化剂,一步反应合成目标化合物3-仲氨基氧杂环丁烷-3-腈衍生物（1a~1d）,产物结构经1H NMR和ESI-MS表征。并以异吲哚啉、氧杂环丁-3-酮和三甲基氰硅烷的反应为模型反应,考察影响产物1a收率的主要因素,确定最佳反应条件为：物料摩尔比为n（异吲哚啉）: n（氧杂环丁-3-酮）: n（三甲基氰硅烷）= 2.0 : 1 : 2.5;反应溶剂为无水甲醇,在65 ℃反应6 h。在最佳反应条件下,化合物1a收率78.3 %。对于目标化合物的应用进行了研究,发现化合物1a与苯基溴化镁在四氢呋喃溶剂中,室温反应5 h,得到2-(3-苯基氧杂环丁烷-3-基)异吲哚啉（4）和 [3-(异吲哚啉-2-基) 氧杂环丁烷-3-基](苯基)甲酮（5）,收率分别为40.1 %和31.5 %。     

固体酸催化烯烃改性生物油酚类化合物研究

选取生物油中含量较高的愈创木酚、儿茶酚和苯酚为酚类模型化合物,以蒙脱土K-10负载的Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40为固体超强酸催化剂,苯酚/1-辛烯烷基化反应为探针,考察了催化剂负载量,反应温度及物料摩尔比等因素对酚类烷基化反应的影响.结果表明,在60～100℃范围内,30%Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40/K-10对苯酚烷基化反应具有很好的催化活性和选择性,原料摩尔比为1时苯酚氧烷基化产物的选择性最好.愈创木酚中甲氧基的位阻效应使其转化率在相同条件下比苯酚低很多,相应氧烷基化产物的选择性也很低.儿茶酚与1-辛烯反应主要生成单羟基氧烷基化产物,100℃时选择性仍高达96%.升高温度有利于烷基化改性反应的进行,但产物中氧烷基化产物的选择性随着温度升高而降低.     

用"点击化学"法合成新型他克林-四氢异喹啉异二联体

从2-氯乙胺盐酸盐出发,经叠氮化与缩合反应制得9-(叠氮基乙基氨基)-1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶类衍生物(4a～4c);以6-庚炔-1-醇为原料,利用微波反应合成了2-(6.庚炔基)-6,7-二甲氧基-1-苯基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉(7);4与7通过"点击化学"法合成了三个乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂-3个他克林-四氢异喹啉...     

C-2苯环上取代基对喹唑啉-4-酮烷基化的影响及化合物抗肿瘤、抗菌活性

邻氨基苯甲酰胺与取代苯甲醛反应,合成了含氨烷基侧链的喹唑啉-4-酮4和5,探讨了C-2位苯环取代基对喹唑啉-4-酮内酰胺N-/O-烷基化的影响,并评价了部分化合物的抗肿瘤细胞增殖活性及抑菌活性.结果表明,当C-2苯环上的取代基在邻位时,N-烷基化反应为主;而在间位或对位时,以O-烷基化为主,立体效应起到了主导作用.4-{2-{{2-[3-(苄氧基)苯基]喹唑啉-4-基}氧基}乙基}吗啉(4h)具有较好的抗肺癌细胞增殖活性,IC_(50)值为13.20μmol/L.2-(2-氯苯基)-3-[2-(哌啶-1-基)乙基]喹唑啉-4(3H)-酮(5aa)和2-[3-(苄氧基)苯基]-4-[2-(吡咯啉-1-基)乙氧基]喹唑啉(4hb)(50μg/m L)对大肠杆菌和痢疾杆菌具有显著的抑制活性,抑菌率分别为100%,100%和100%,96%.化合物5aa对链铬孢菌真菌的抑制率为100%.     

(R)-α-烷基糠胺的不对称合成

本文通过(+)-樟脑缩呋喃甲亚胺的不对称烷基化反应, 合成了(R)-α)-烷基糠胺。反应的非对映选择性经1H NMR测定为5～67%(d.e)。用1, 3-二碘丙烷和α, α-二溴邻二甲苯作烷基化试剂, 得到预期的双亚胺烷基产物, 而用1,2-二溴乙烷时,却给出偶联产物。     

Synthesis and properties of methyl hydropyrimidineacetates

The alkylation of 1-aryl-substituted dihydro-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinediones with methyl 2-bromoacetate has been studied followed by hydrolysis and condensation of the products with o-phenylenediamine. The compounds have been identified by NMR, and IR spectrometry and mass spectrometry. Structural characteristics in the ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectra of the synthesized are discussed. __________ Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 7, 1095–1105, July, 2007.     

4-hydroxy-2-quinolones 196. synthesis and bromination of 1-allyl-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1<Emphasis Type="Italic">h</Emphasis>,3<Emphasis Type="Italic">h</Emphasis>-quinazoline-2,4-dione

The alkylation of 3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1H,3H-quinazoline-2,4-dione and subsequent bromination of its 1-allyl derivative have been studied. The data obtained has been compared with the results of similar studies on a series of other, related compounds. A rule has been formulated which allows a prediction of 1-allyl-substituted 2-oxo azaheterocycles bromination route based upon the way in which their initial alkylation by allyl bromide in the system DMSO–K₂CO₃ occurs.     

Pyrimidotetrathiafulvalenes

Bis[2,4-dioxo(1H,3H)pyrimido]tetrathiafulvalene has been synthesized by dimerization of 5,7-dioxo(4H,6H)-1,3-dithiolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine-2-selenone in the presence of triphenylphosphine. By dimerization of a mixture of 5,7-dioxo(4H,6H)-1,3-dithiolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine-2-selenone and 4,5-dimethyl- or 4,5-ethylenedithio-1,3-dithio-2-selenones, the corresponding asymmetric tetrathiafulvalenes have been obtained. By alkylation of the tetrabutylammonium salts of 2,4-dioxo(1H,3H)pyrimidotetrathiafulvalenes, their N-alkyl and N,N-dialkyl derivatives have been obtained. It has been shown by means of cyclic voltammetry that the introduction of the 2,4-dioxo(1H,3H)-pyrimido system increases the oxidation potential of the tetrathiafulvalene derivative by 0.3–0.35 V.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 8, pp. 1122–1128, August, 1992.     

Equatorial preference in the C[bond]H activation of cycloalkanes: GaCl3-catalyzed aromatic alkylation reaction

GaCl(3) catalyzes the aromatic alkylation of naphthalene or phenanthrene using cycloalkanes. The C[bond]C formation predominantly takes place at the least hindered positions of the substrates, and equatorial isomers regarding the cycloalkane moiety are generally obtained. The reaction of bicyclo[4.4.0]decane and naphthalene occurs at the 2-position of naphthalene and at the 2- or 3-carbons of the cycloalkane, and the products possess a trans configuration at the junctures and an equatorial configuration at the naphthyl groups. Notably, cis-bicyclo[4.4.0]decane turns out to be much more reactive than the trans isomer, and a turnover number "TON" up to 20 based on GaCl(3) is attained. 1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane reacts similarly, and the cis isomer is more reactive than the trans isomer. Monoalkylcycloalkanes react at the secondary carbons provided that the alkyl group is smaller than tert-butyl. Adamantanes react at the tertiary 1-position. The alkylation reaction is considered to involve the C[bond]H activation of cycloalkanes with GaCl(3) at the tertiary center followed by the migration of carbocations and electrophilic aromatic substitution yielding thermodynamically stable products. The stereochemistry of the reaction reveals that GaCl(3) activates the equatorial tertiary C[bond]H rather than the axial tertiary C[bond]H.     

含烯烃配体的过渡金属卡宾配合物的研究II.异戊二烯二羰基[乙氧基(苯基)卡宾]铁配合物的异构化产物的合成,波谱和结构研究及四羰基[乙氧基(五氯苯基)卡宾]铁的晶体结构

异戊二烯三羰基铁(1)与芳基锂ArLi(Ar=C6H5,ρ-CH3C6H4,ρ-CH3OC6H4,ρ-CF3C6H4)在低温下反应,再用Et3OBF4烷基化,可获得组成为C5H8(CO)2FeC(OC2H5)Ar的标题化合物的异构化产物(2一5)。当用LiC6Cl5作亲核试剂,在相同条件下与1反应时,只生成已知的配合物(CO4)FeC(OC2H5)C6Cl5(6)。由单晶X射线衍射数据推断出, 2和6的分子结构都属于单斜晶系,Z=4. 2的空间群为C2h[5]-P21/n,a=8.544(2), b=14.494(5), c=12.309(4)`A,β=96.16(2)`;6的空间群为C2h[5]-P21/c, a=14.126(3), b=6.805(1), c=19.182(5)A,β=103.58(2)`. 2和6的结构用SHELXTL直接法程序解出并经块矩阵最小二乘法修正,R分别为0.066和0.043。     

Stereoselective radical C–H alkylation with acceptor/acceptor-substituted diazo reagents via Co(ii)-based metalloradical catalysis

Co(ii)-based metalloradical catalysis has, for the first time, been successfully applied for asymmetric intramolecular C–H alkylation of acceptor/acceptor-substituted diazo reagents. Through the design and synthesis of a new D ₂-symmetric chiral amidoporphyrin as the supporting ligand, the Co(ii)-based metalloradical system, which operates at room temperature, is capable of 1,5-C–H alkylation of α-methoxycarbonyl-α-diazosulfones with a broad range of electronic properties, providing the 5-membered sulfolane derivatives in high yields with excellent diastereoselectivities and enantioselectivities. In addition to complete chemoselectivity toward allylic and allenic C–H bonds, the Co(ii)-based metalloradical catalysis for asymmetric C–H alkylation features a remarkable degree of functional group tolerance.     

Alkylation of 3-aminoisocarbostyryl derivatives

The alkylation of derivatives of 3-aminoisoquinolin-1(2H)-one in the presence of NaH may proceed in three directions: 1) at the carbonyl group oxygen atom, 2) at the nitrogen atom N-2, and 3) at the 3-amino group. The reaction of equivalent amounts of the reagents gives predominantly products of substitution at the 3-amino group. Repeated alkylation proceeds at the lactam fragment to give a mixture of O-alkyl and N-alkyl derivatives. Acylation of 3-dialkylamino- and 3-alkylanilinoisoquinolin- 1(2H)-ones in the presence of NaH gave derivatives of 3-amino-1-isoquinolinyl 4-ethoxybenzoate.     

Metal-Free,Light-Mediated,Site-Specific,Radical C6−H Alkylation of Purines with Alcohols Intervened by Oxalates without Catalysts

Herein, we report the development of a radical deoxy-functionalization strategy for the direct C−H alkylation of purines and purine nucleosides with alcohols (1°, 2°, 3°) intervened by oxalates under 12 W blue LED irradiation. The reaction shows high regioselectivity at C6−H position of purine and is suitable for N9-, N7-substitued purines. The process accommodates purines and alcohols to deliver a wide range of products (31 examples) in 41–91 % yields, which avoids transition metal catalysts and organometallic reagents, and is not sensitive to moisture and air. Besides, the mild protocol displays broad functional groups tolerance and is easily up scalable to gram scale and can be used for late-stage C−H alkylation of purine to synthesize pharmaceutical 6-cyclopentyl nebularine with anti-CEM activity or natural d -menthol modification.     

沸石的表面酸、碱性与甲醇、甲苯侧链烷基化反应

以TPD和质谱检测的TPSR、IR及微型反应器等手段探讨了X型沸石的表面酸、碱性质对甲醇、甲苯侧链烷基化反应的作用及可能的反应历程。