Synthesis of temperature-responsive anion exchanger via click reaction

The temperature-responsive anion exchanger was synthesized by immobilizing the poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), a kind of the temperature-responsive polymer, on the external surface of mesoporous silica via click reaction. The structure of this synthesized composite was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elemental analysis, and nitrogen adsorption experiment. The amount of PNIPAM immobilized on the external surface of mesoporous silica, which was calculated from the weight loss measured by thermogravimetry, increased from 5.3 wt.% to 12.9 wt.% (dry) depending on the amount of PNIPAM added in the click reaction. The adsorption-desorption behavior of methyl orange (MO) ions in this synthesized anion exchanger was affected by the temperature of aqueous solution: the MO ions were adsorbed and desorbed reversibly and repeatedly with changing the pH of the solution at 25 °C, while the amount of adsorbed MO ions remained nearly constant at about 0.05 mmol/g independent of the pH of the solution at 40 °C. Also, the amount of PNIPAM immobilized on the mesoporous silica influenced the adsorption rate of MO ions, suggesting that the adsorption rate in this composite is controlled by the diffusion of MO ions through the PNIPAM layer.     

基于纳米ZnO/聚氯乙烯的复合材料光催化性能研究

本文采用纳米氧化锌与聚氯乙烯溶液共混制备了复合材料前驱体，运用TG-DTA联机分析得到了其分解温度及相关热分解数据；经适当温度煅烧后得到复合材料光催化剂，并用TEM、XRD、FTIR、UV-Vis、ESR对复合材料进行分析表征。在室内普通照明用荧光灯作用下，以甲基橙溶液为催化对象，对复合材料的光催化性能进行了检测，并在相同条件下，与纳米氧化锌、纳米氧化钛及聚氯乙烯直接煅烧产物的光催化性能进行了比对分析；同时研究了pH值对复合材料光催化性能的影响。研究结果表明，复合材料对甲基橙催化降解8 min后，甲基橙溶     

Hydrothermal Synthesis of H3PW12O40/TiO2 Nanometer Photocatalyst and Its Catalytic Performance for Methyl Orange

H3PW12O40/TiO2 nanometer photocatalyst was prepared by one step hydrothermal synthesis from H3PW12O40′nH2O and Ti(OBu)4,simultaneously realizing the load and modification of H3PW12O40.The catalyst was ...     

铥、镱共掺杂纳米二氧化钛/硫化镉光催化降解甲基橙的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备出稀土离子Tm3+和Yb3+共掺杂的纳米TiO2/CdS复合光催化剂,采用XRD、UV-Vis吸收光谱、TEM及上转换发光光谱等对其结构和光学特性进行了表征,以染料甲基橙为降解模型,系统地讨论了溶液的pH值、催化剂投加量、溶液初始浓度、光照强度等对复合催化剂光催化性能的影响,并对光催化降解动力学进行了分析.     

BiOBr microspheres for photocatalytic degradation of an anionic dye

BiOBr microspheres were obtained using a solvothermal synthesis route in the presence of ethylene glycol and KBr at 145 °C, for 18 h. BiOBr microspheres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms analysis, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS). Additionally, the theoretical and experimental isoelectric points (IEP) of BiOBr nanostructured microspheres were determined, and pH's influence on the degradation of an anionic dye (methyl orange) under simulated solar radiation was analyzed. Results show that 97% of methyl orange is removed at pH 2 after 60 min of photocatalytic reaction. Finally, DRIFTS studies permit the proposal of a surface reaction mechanism of the photocatalytic oxidation of MO using BiOBr microspheres.     

三聚氰胺功能化多孔有机聚合物的合成及其对甲基橙的吸附性能

首先以对三联苯(TP)和对苯二甲酰氯(TC)为单体合成了酮基聚合物前体(TP-TC),而后基于席夫碱反应将三聚氰胺(MA)与之交联得到胺功能化的多孔有机聚合物TP-TC-MA。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、氮气吸附-脱附(BET)以及零电荷点(pH_pzc)的测定等手段对合成的多孔有机聚合物进行表征。以染料废水中典型的阴离子染料甲基橙为研究对象,研究了TP-TC-MA对其吸附行为,并探讨了吸附机制。利用紫外-可见分光光度计(UV-Vis)得出目标污染物的紫外吸收光谱标准曲线,标准曲线拟合相关系数(R²)为0.999。结果表明,TP-TC-MA由于具有高比表面积(708.5 m²/g)和总孔体积(0.556 cm³/g)以及丰富的含氮基团,对阴离子染料甲基橙表现出优异的吸附性能。TP-TC-MA对水中甲基橙的吸附动力学符合准二级动力学方程,吸附平衡数据可以采用Langmuir等温吸附模型描述。经由Langmuir等温吸附模型计算得到的理论最大吸附容量为156.3 mg/g。选择性实验结果表明,TP-TC-MA对阴离子染料甲基橙具有更强的吸附作用,吸附作用机理可归结为静电相互作用、氢键和π-π相互作用等。在重复使用5次之后,TP-TC-MA对甲基橙仍保持90%以上的去除率,表明材料具有良好的稳定性和重复利用性,在染料废水处理中具有很好的应用前景。     

(Phen)2.5HPW/WO3复合空心微球的制备及光催化性能

通过磷钨酸H3PW12O40(HPW)和邻菲啰啉C12H8N2(Phen)的溶液反应,合成了杂多化合物(C12H8N2)2.5H3PW12O40((Phen)2.5HPW),以WO3空心微球为载体,负载杂多化合物(Phen)2.5HPW,制备了(Phen)2.5HPW/WO3复合空心微球.用等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP...     

煅烧温度对阳极氧化WO3多孔薄膜的形貌及光电化学性能的影响

采用一步式阶跃电压加压方法,在NH4F/(NH4)2SO4电解质溶液中对W片进行阳极氧化处理制备了WO3多孔薄膜,通过后续热处理温度的控制,制备了性能规律性变化的WO3多孔纳米薄膜材料.用场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)分析等手段考察了热处理温度对氧化钨晶体结构和形貌影响的规律,在450°C以下的煅烧温度下,薄膜保持50-100nm孔径;通过对光电化学性质、光催化降解甲基橙动力学行为的研究,考察了不同热处理温度对WO3多孔薄膜光电转换性能影响的规律.研究表明,450°C煅烧处理后的WO3薄膜在500W氙灯光源照射及1.2V偏压下,光电流密度达到5.11mA·cm-2;340及400nm单色光辐射下光电转换效率(IPCE)值分别达到87.4%及22.1%.电化学交流阻抗谱显示,450°C煅烧处理后的WO3薄膜表现出最佳的导电率及最小的界面电荷转移电阻.实验结果证明,高结晶度的多孔结构是WO3薄膜具有高光电转换效率的主要因素,控制热处理温度是实现薄膜具有高孔隙率、完整结晶度、低电阻的重要手段.     

Role of photoadduct of K4Fe(CN)6 and C3H4N2 in improving thermal stability of polyaniline composite

This paper involves the synthesis of polyaniline composite with photoadduct of potassium hexacyanoferrate and imidazole via photochemical route by oxidative polymerization technique by ammonium persulphate. The photoadduct has been synthesized by photoirradiation followed by substitution with imidazole ligand. The photoaquation, substitution and successful synthesis has been proved by recording pH, UV visible spectra before and after irradiation and XRD of photoadduct. The as synthesized composite has been subjected to various characterizations like elemental analysis, UV–Visible spectra, FTIR, XRD, SEM, and TG/DTG. XRD of photoadduct shows crystalline structure which has been retained in the composite, changing the amorphous structure of polyaniline into the crystalline one, hence proving the insertion of photoadduct in the polymer chain. Various parameters like crystallite size (L), interplanar distance (d), micro strain (ε), dislocation density (δ) and distortion parameters (g) were calculated from XRD data. Thermal analysis shows the high thermal stability of composite which can be due to strong interaction between polymer chain and the photoadduct which restricts the thermal motion of polyaniline and thus enhances the thermal stability of composite.     

NiO亚微米球的制备及其光催化性质

在混合溶剂体系中,通过简单的二步方法成功合成了NiO亚微米球。第一步,以Ni(CH3COO)2和精氨酸为主要反应物,160℃溶剂热反应8 h制备出前驱体;第二步,煅烧前驱体成功合成了NiO产物。利用X射线粉末衍射(XRD),扫描电子显微镜(SEM),透射电子显微镜(TEM),热重分析(TGA)等手段对产物进行了表征。在紫外光照射下,研究不同光催化剂对甲基橙溶液降解效果。结果表明,NiO亚微米球在紫外光照射条件下对甲基橙溶液有光降解作用。     

H_6P_2Mo_(18)O_(62)/Zn(BDC)(Bipy)_(0.5)复合材料的合成、表征及对亚甲基蓝的吸附

在溶剂热条件下,以H6P2Mo18O62、对苯二甲酸(H2BDC)、4,4'-联吡啶(Bipy)和硝酸锌为原料构筑了1个三维金属有机骨架复合材料H_6P_2Mo_(18)O_(62)/Zn(BDC)(Bipy)_(0.5),并采用红外光谱(IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、热重分析(TG)、N2吸附-脱附等手段对产物进行了表征.同时,研究了产物对水溶液中亚甲基蓝(MB)的吸附性能,并探讨了MB初始p H值、初始浓度和温度对吸附量的影响.结果表明,产物的等温吸附模型符合Langmuir等温吸附模型,动力学符合拟二级动力学.H_6P_2Mo_(18)O_(62)/Zn(BDC)(Bipy)_(0.5)对亚甲基蓝的吸附是自发和放热的,此外,产物对甲基紫、罗丹明B、孔雀石绿等阳离子染料也具有良好的吸附性能.     

Silicon dioxide hollow microspheres with porous composite structure: synthesis and characterization

In this paper, a strategy for hollow porous silica microspheres with ideally flower structure is presented. SiO(2)/PAM hybrid composite microspheres with porous were synthesized by the reaction that the porous polyacrylamide (PAM) micro-gels immersed in tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) anhydrous alcohol solution and water in a moist atmosphere, with ammonium hydroxide as a catalyst. The SiO(2) hollow microspheres with porous were obtained after calcination of the composite microspheres at 550 °C for 4 h. The morphology, composition, and crystalline structure of the microspheres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FI-IR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), N(2) absorption analysis, respectively. The results indicated that the obtained hollow porous SiO(2) microspheres were a perfect flower structure.     

陈化温度和pH值对氨基功能化介孔氧化硅吸附CO_2性能的影响

本研究采用溶胶-凝胶法,分别以十二烷基肌氨酸钠、氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷(APTMS)和正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为结构导向剂(SDA)、共结构导向剂(CSDA)和硅源合成了氨基功能化的介孔氧化硅预产物。利用乙醇和乙醇胺混合液对预产物进行萃取后获得氨基功能化介孔氧化硅。利用红外光谱、元素分析、N2吸-脱附、透射电镜等手段对材料进行了表征。红外光谱结果证明通过萃取方法可较好地去除表面活性剂;N2吸附结果表明所有样品都具有介孔结构;元素分析和透射电镜结果说明反应陈化温度、pH值等合成条件对材料孔道内表面的氨基含量和材料结构有较大的影响。CO2吸附实验证明在低陈化温度、相对较低的pH值下合成的材料具有较高的CO2吸附量。     

Facile preparation and characterization of anatase TiO2/nanocellulose composite for photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange

Anatase TiO₂/nanocellulose composite was prepared for the first time via a one-step method at a relatively low temperature by using cellulose nanofibers as carrier and tetrabutyl titanate as titanium precursor. The morphology, structure and element composition of the composite were characterized by SEM, EDS, TEM, XRD, XPS and UV–vis DRS. The specific surface area and thermal stability of the composite were investigated by N₂ adsorption–desorption and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively, and the band gaps of the prepared photocatalysts were calculated based on the UV–vis DRS results. In addition, the prepared composite was used for the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange (aqueous solution, 40 mg L⁻¹). It was found that the composite had a good morphology and anatase crystal structure, and Ti-O-C bond was formed between TiO₂ and nanocellulose. The specific surface area of composite was increased and the thermal stability was decreased compared with the cellulose nanofiber. Moreover, the degradation rate of methyl orange was achieved as 99.72% within 30 min, and no obvious activity loss was observed after five cycles. This work might give some insights into the design of efficient photocatalysts for the treatment of organic dye wastewater.     

多酸修饰二氧化钛纳米管复合膜的制备、表征及其光催化降解甲基橙的研究

采用电沉积方法制备了H3PW12O40(PW12)-TiO2复合膜,通过SEM,EDX和XRD等手段,对其组成和结构进行了表征,并考察了该复合膜催化剂对降解甲基橙的催化活性.实验结果表明PW12存在于TiO2纳米管结构中,用PW12多酸修饰的TiO2纳米管比单独的TiO2纳米管展示出更好的光催化性能,由于电子能够从TiO2纳米管导带转移到多酸的LUMO能级,有效抑制了光生电子和空穴的复合,因而使PW12-TiO2复合膜表现出更高的光催化活性.     

Organic-inorganic hybrid of chitosan/organoclay bionanocomposites for hexavalent chromium uptake

Organic-inorganic hybrid of chitosan and nanoclay (Cloisite 10A) was chosen to develop a nanomaterial with combine properties of hydrophilicity of an organic polycation and adsorption capacity of inorganic polyanion. The chitosan/clay nanocomposite (CCN) was prepared by solvent casting method. The material synthesis was found most efficient in adsorbent behavior was studied in detail taking Cr(VI) as representative ion. The chemical, structural and textural characteristics of the material were determined by FTIR, XRD, TEM, SEM and EDAX analysis. XRD and TEM results indicated that an exfoliated structure was formed with addition of small amounts of MMT-Na+(montmorillonite-Na(+)) to the chitosan matrix. These composite material were used for the removal of chromium(VI) from aqueous solution. The conditions for the adsorption by the composite have been optimized and kinetics and thermodynamic studies were performed. Though the adsorption takes place in wide pH range, pH 3 was found most suitable and at this pH the adsorption data were modeled using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms at 15 °C and 35 °C, where the data fitted satisfactorily to Langmuir isotherms, the R(2) values being 0.998 and 0.999 respectively indicating unilayer adsorption. Based on Langmuir model, Q(o) was calculated to be 357.14 mg/g. The adsorption showed pseudo second order kinetics with a rate constant of 8.0763 × 10(-4) g mg(-1) min(-1) at 100 ppm Cr(VI) concentration.     

聚合物调控氧化钛层柱蒙脱石的结构和性能研究

为了改善氧化钛层柱蒙脱石的结构性能,以长链聚合物-端氨基聚甲基环氧乙烷(PPO-D-2000)为结构调节剂,调控合成了聚合物-氧化钛层柱蒙脱石材料。采用X射线粉末衍射、红外、拉曼光谱、TG/DSC、TEM和BET等手段进行了结构表征。结果表明,相比于小分子量表面活性剂而言,长链聚合物不仅能显著提高氧化钛层柱蒙脱石中的二氧化钛含量,而且比表面积比单独氧化钛柱撑蒙脱石增加了约13%,达到241.52m2/g,尤其是孔径、孔体积等孔道结构参数增加一倍左右。将合成的柱撑蒙脱石材料应用于对水中甲基橙的吸附和光催化性能研究表明,聚合物的调控作用能提高氧化钛层柱蒙脱石的吸附能力,光催化效率也有所改善。因此,聚合物对优化无机层柱粘土材料结构、改善吸附和催化性能具有良好的调控作用,为发展环境催化材料提供了新的途径。     

Efficient Design to Monitor the Site-specific Sustained Release of a Non-Emissive Anticancer Drug

A pH-responsive smart nanocarrier with significant components was synthesized by conjugating the non-emissive anticancer drug methyl orange and polyethylene glycol derived folate moiety to the backbone of polynorbornene. Complete synthesis procedure and characterization methods of three monomers included in the work: norbornene-derived Chlorambucil (Monomer 1), norbornene grafted with polyethylene glycol, and folic acid (Monomer 2) and norbornene attached methyl orange (Monomer 3) connected to the norbornene backbone through ester linkage were clearly discussed. Finally, the random copolymer CHO PEG FOL METH was synthesized by ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) using Grubbs′ second-generation catalyst. Advanced polymer chromatography (APC) was used to find the final polymer‘s molecular weight and polydispersity index (PDI). Dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were utilized to explore the prodrug‘s size and morphology. Release experiments of the anticancer drug, Chlorambucil and the coloring agent, methyl orange, were performed at different pH and time. Cell viability assay was carried out for determining the rate of survived cells, followed by the treatment of our final polymer named CHO PEG FOL METH.     

简单水热法合成石墨-CdSe复合材料及其光催化降解有机染料(英文)

A graphene-CdSe composite was synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method,and characterized by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis,transmission electron microscopy and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry.The graphene-CdSe composite efficiently catalyzed the photodegradation of methylene blue(MB),methyl orange(MO) and rhodamine B(Rh.B) in aqueous solution under UV or visible light irradiation.The graphene-CdSe composite exhibited a higher photocatalyt...     

Synthesis of Nano‐Sized Zinc Oxide Photocatalyst by Combustion Method

The objective of this research was to use combustion synthesis to create a nano‐sized ZnO photocatalyst using citric acid as the fuel and zinc nitrate as the oxidant. The starting materials were mixed in a stoichiometric ratio, and a slurry precursor with high homogeneity was formed. The precursor was ignited at room temperature, resulting in dry, loose, and voluminous ZnO powders. The powders, characterized by SEM, TEM and XRD, showed a particle size range of 40 to 80 nm with a wurtzite structure. The ZnO powders were introduced as a photocatalyst for the degradation of methyl orange, which was adopted as a model compound. UV light (6W) was used as the irradiation source to induce synthesized ZnO powders to perform catalytic activity. The photocatalytic reaction was executed in 40 mL of a 10 ppm methyl orange aqueous solution under 254 nm UV illumination. In this work, it was observed that both UV light and ZnO powders are needed for the photocatalytic reaction. In addition, it was found that increasing the amount of ZnO powder present in the MO (methyl orange‐C₁₄H₁₄N₃NaO₃S) solution did not correlate directly with an increase in photocatalytic ability. It was found that the scattering problem of UV light also needs to be considered. The optimized photocatalytic degradation ratio in this work reached 92.7%.