基于结构转换适配体荧光法检测赭曲霉素A

利用荧光素标记的可识别赭曲霉素A的核酸适配体,以及荧光猝灭基团标记的互补核酸建立了一种检测赭曲霉素A的荧光分析法。标记有荧光素的核酸适配体(FDNA)未与赭曲霉素A结合时,可与标记有猝灭基团BHQ(Black Hole Quencher)的互补寡聚核苷酸链(QDNA)杂交,使荧光基团与猝灭基团靠近,导致荧光猝灭;而当加入赭曲霉素A之后,FDNA与赭曲霉素A高亲和力高特异性结合,FDNA将不会与QDNA杂交,FDNA的荧光信号得到保持。根据FDNA与目标物结合前后荧光强度的变化,可实现对赭曲霉素A的定量检测。当FDNA浓度为36nmol/L,QDNA浓度为126nmol/L,结合缓冲溶液为10 mmol/L Tris-HCl(含120 mmol/L NaCl、20mmol/L CaCl2、0.02%Tween 20,pH=8.5),室温下反应15min后,可以获得最佳检测效果。对赭曲霉素A的线性检测范围是10～100nmol/L,检出限为10nmol/L,相对标准偏差为5.8%。该方法操作简单,选择性好。     

基于荧光共振能量转移的核酸适配体传感器检测环丙沙星

建立了一种基于荧光共振能量转移（FRET）的核酸适配体传感器,并用于检测实际水体和牛奶中的环丙沙星（CIP）。为了防止羧基荧光素（FAM）被CIP猝灭,FAM和四甲基罗丹明（TAMRA）分别标记在互补单链DNA(FAM-cDNA)和适配体（TAMRA-APT）,通过DNA杂交发生FRET, TAMRA有效猝灭FAM的荧光。CIP加入后,其与FAM-cDNA发生亲和力竞争反应,CIP与TAMRA-APT形成结构更稳定的CIP/TAMRA-APT复合物,使体系FAM的荧光恢复。在优化条件下,本方法对CIP表现出高灵敏度和高选择性,检测浓度线性范围为0.01～1μmol/L,检出限为6 nmol/L;对实际水样和牛奶的加标回收率为90.4%～113.2%,相对标准偏差为1.8%～11%。该荧光适配体传感器具有成本低、灵敏度高、特异性好等优点,在环境中CIP残留快速检测方面具有良好的应用潜力。     

基于双重猝灭原理的分子信标定量检测凝血酶

利用G碱基和有机猝灭基团对荧光基团的双重猝灭作用构建了分子信标,建立了一种基于双重猝灭原理的检测凝血酶的简单方法.此分子信标中荧光基团设计为羧基荧光素(FAM),有机猝灭基团设计为Black Hole Quencher 1(BHQ-1),BHQ-1连接3个含有G碱基的核苷酸,分子信标的环设计为凝血酶的核酸适配体.体系中没有凝血酶时,分子信标呈茎环结构,荧光基团FAM与有机猝灭基团BHQ-1及G碱基相互靠近,FAM的荧光在BHQ-1及G碱基的双重猝灭下,其荧光信号很弱;当体系中有凝血酶存在时,分子信标与凝血酶特异性结合,形成G-四联体结构,茎-环结构被破坏,FAM远离猝灭基团BHQ-1及G碱基,其荧光得到恢复.在最适条件下,体系的荧光强度(△I)与凝血酶的浓度(C)在0.4~40 nmol/L范围内具有良好的线性关系,线性回归方程为△I=24.63C(nmol/L)+13.06(R2=0.9972),检出限为0.18 nmol/L(3σ,n=9).实际血样加标回收率为96.3%~98.7%.     

采用纳米金和荧光标记的适配体检测凝血酶

将荧光染料分子标记的含29个碱基的可识别凝血酶的DNA适配体非特异吸附到纳米金表面,荧光发生猝灭,加入凝血酶后,凝血酶与适配体特异性结合,使适配体空间结构发生改变,荧光染料分子远离纳米金表面,荧光恢复,因此可以实现对凝血酶的检测。实验结果表明,这种检测方法简便、快速、特异性强,检出限为0.54 nmol/L(对应样品体积为200μL)。     

核酸适配体传感器在黄曲霉毒素B1检测中应用研究进展北大核心CSCD

核酸适配体作为一种新型识别分子,具有亲和力高、稳定性强、制备成本低、特异性强等优点,但其自身不具有信号转换功能,它与靶标分子特异性结合过程,不可产生被检测的物理化学信号。因此,需将核酸适配体与靶标分子特异性识别结合过程转为易于被检测的物理化学信号变化的过程。根据信号转换方式的不同,可将适配体生物传感器分为荧光适配体传感器、比色适配体传感器、电化学适配体传感器和表面拉曼散射适配体传感器。本文对基于以上4种检测信号的核酸适配体生物传感器在黄曲霉毒素(AFB1)检测方面的应用进行综述,并概述该类传感器应用前景和当前面临的挑战。     

基于磁性辅助的杂交链反应放大检测三磷酸腺苷

本文提出了一种基于磁性辅助的杂交链反应放大检测三磷酸腺苷(ATP)的传感策略。磁性纳米粒子表面易于修饰,而且操作方便,具有很好的分离效果,能够提高生物传感的选择性。首先,利用生物素与链霉亲和素之间的亲和力作用,将生物素标记的ATP核酸适配体连接到链霉亲和素修饰的磁性纳米粒子表面,加入与ATP核酸适配体互补的一段DNA进行杂交,通过磁性分离除去未杂交上的DNA,加入靶向ATP,ATP与其适配体特异性结合将适配体的互补链通过磁性分离出来,磁性分离出的信号DNA继续用于下一步的杂交链反应,将信号放大,最后利用氧化石墨烯(GO)对荧光的猝灭效应降低背景荧光,达到高灵敏度、高选择性检测靶向ATP。其中,ATP的最低检测浓度为0.1nmol/L。     

基于核酸适配体的荧光法检测水胺硫磷和丙溴磷

建立了基于适配体的农药水胺硫磷和丙溴磷的荧光检测方法.采用可特异性识别水胺硫磷和丙溴磷、且5 '端标记荧光基团FAM的核酸适配体(F-ssDNA),与3 '末端标记猝灭基团DABCYL的短链序列(Q-ssDNA)互补杂交形成双链结构,荧光基团的荧光被淬灭,荧光信号很弱;此时加入靶分子,特异性结合核酸适配体,引起互补短链序列从双链结构中解离,使适配体荧光信号增强,基于此可实现水胺硫磷、丙溴磷的定量检测.优化后的检测条件为:将终浓度为25 nmol/L F-ssDNA与50 nmol/L Q-ssDNA在25℃孵育20 min,使二者杂交形成双链适配体探针复合物,加入等体积的农药样品孵育60 min,然后检测体系的荧光信号变化值△I.在最佳条件下,△I与水胺硫磷和丙溴磷的浓度均在50～ 500 μmol/L范围内呈线性关系.水胺硫磷的检出限(LOD,3σ)为11.4 μmol/L,相对标准偏差(RSD)为5.8％(n=10);丙溴磷的检出限为14.0 μmol/L,RSD为4.9％(n=l0).用于实际水样中两种农药的检测,加标回收率为85.8％ ～95.3％.     

基于氧化单壁碳纳米角的荧光适配体传感器对胰岛素的检测

构建了一种基于氧化单壁碳纳米角(oxSWCNHs)荧光适配体传感器用于胰岛素的检测。合成了水溶性的单壁碳纳米角和羧基荧光素(FAM)标记的胰岛素适配体,该适配体能与胰岛素进行高亲和力和强特异性的结合。当体系中没有胰岛素存在时,FAM标记的适配体可以被oxSWCNHs吸附,致使体系具有较低的荧光强度;当体系中有胰岛素存在时,胰岛素可以与其适配体进行强特异性结合,导致FAM标记的适配体远离oxSWCNHs表面,FAM荧光不能被oxSWCNHs淬灭,体系具有较强的荧光强度,实现荧光强度的增强。研究了淬灭剂的用量、反应时间的影响,同时进行了选择性、干扰实验和实际样品分析等。该传感器的线性范围为0～1.6 nmol/L,检出限为0.1 nmol/L,可用于小鼠血清中胰岛素的测定。     

基于金属有机骨架材料和酶切放大的适配体荧光法检测副溶血性弧菌

基于铜基金属有机骨架(Cu-MOF)的荧光猝灭性质、核酸适配体的选择识别能力及核酸外切酶的水解放大信号作用,建立了一种快速检测副溶血性弧菌(V.P)的适配体荧光法.该文在室温下合成Cu-MOF,对其形貌、结构、荧光猝灭机理进行了系统研究,考察了Cu-MOF的体积、猝灭时间、核酸外切酶用量、恢复时间及试剂加入顺序等分析条...     

基于碳纳米颗粒的荧光适配体传感器用于腺苷脱氨酶的检测

设计了一段羧基荧光素(FAM)标记的适配体,该适配体能与腺苷进行高亲和力和强特异性的结合,而不与肌苷发生作用。腺苷脱氨酶可以与腺苷发生脱氨反应,生成肌苷。基于上述原理,构建了碳纳米颗粒-适配体-腺苷荧光适配体传感器用于腺苷脱氨酶的检测。当体系中没有腺苷脱氨酶时,FAM标记的适配体与腺苷紧密结合,而不能被碳纳米颗粒吸附,体系荧光较强;当体系中存在腺苷脱氨酶时,腺苷变成肌苷,肌苷不与适配体结合,此时FAM标记的适配体被碳纳米颗粒吸附,FAM荧光淬灭,体系具有较低的荧光强度。该方法简单、灵敏,线性范围为0.25～3.125 U/mL,检出限为0.18 U/mL。与其它蛋白分子相比,方法对腺苷脱氨酶的检测具有高特异性。构建的传感器简单,再生性好,可用于标准加入法检测小鼠血清中的腺苷脱氨酶。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.