共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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电子鼻结合人工智能对呼出气进行检测、分析和识别已成为非侵入性医疗检测领域的研究热点。然而,目前已报道的气体传感材料尚不能同时满足高灵敏度、高选择性和稳定的室温检测,阻碍了气体传感器在医疗健康领域的应用及发展,寻找合适的传感材料具有重要的意义和挑战。新型二维层状纳米材料MXenes具有种类多、比表面积大、导电性能强、表面含有丰富的官能团以及能带宽度可调等优异性能,是高灵敏、低能耗气体传感器的明星候选材料。本综述针对MXenes基材料的特殊结构,总结梳理了MXenes基材料在气体传感中的最新研究成果,聚焦于MXenes材料的气体传感机理和改性方法,对MXenes材料用于气体传感依然存在的问题和挑战进行深入探讨。 相似文献
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改性碳纳米管气体传感器 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
碳纳米管气体传感器具有灵敏度高、响应速度快、尺寸小和能在室温下工作等诸多优点,是一种很有前景的气体传感器.然而本征碳纳米管气体传感器只对少数几种气体如NH3、O2、NO2和SO2敏感,检测范围有限;而且这类传感器的检测灵敏度和选择性也有待提高.研究表明对碳纳米管进行改性可以克服这些缺陷.目前已有的改性方法主要包括对碳纳米管表面有机修饰、对碳纳米管掺入无机杂原子以及径向力学变形等.本文对改性碳纳米管气体传感器研究的最新进展进行了综述,分析了上述改性方法在扩大碳纳米管气体传感器的检测范围、提高检测灵敏度和选择性方面的优势和不足,并对其研究前景进行了展望. 相似文献
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传感器技术在环境检测中的应用研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
传感器在环境检测方面可以分为气体传感器和液体传感器,其中气体传感器的主要检测对象为氮氧化合物、含硫氧化物;液体传感器则以重金属离子、农药、多环芳香烃类、生物来源类为检测对象.综述了近年来传感器技术在环境检测方面的应用研究进展. 相似文献
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基于2种催化敏感材料, 设计了通过提取多维发光信号鉴别有害气体的催化发光(CTL)传感器. 在最佳检测条件下, 18种有害气体依次经过纳米Al2O3(或MgO)表面进行CTL反应, 产生的CTL 响应信号组成其特征图谱. 通过主成分分析法(PCA)鉴别了各种气体. 采用线性判别分析(LDA)对浓度分别为100, 300及500 mL/m3的18种气体的识别正确率均为100%. 该传感器可以同时测量气体的浓度, 检出限均低于我国工作场所有害因素职业接触限值(GBZ2.1-2007), 空气中几种常见的污染物共存不影响这些有害气体的检测. 该传感器具有传感元件少、 稳定性好、 操作方便、 信息丰富和识别能力强等优点, 可用于发展微型实用的传感器. 相似文献
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采用旋转甩涂法将甲基紫传感薄膜固定在特制的锡(Sn2+,Sn4+)掺杂玻璃光波导(Sn doped glass slide)表面,研究了该传感薄膜与HCl、H2S、以及SO2作用前后的可见吸收光谱的变化,并在此基础上研制了玻璃光波导酸性气体(HCl、H2S、SO2)传感元件。传感薄膜与酸性气体作用时,薄膜的颜色发生变化,从而降低薄膜对倏逝波的吸收,使传感器的输出光强度(信号)增强。本文采用流动注射法对酸性气体进行了检测。实验结果表明,在室温下,该传感元件对硫化氢气体具有明显的响应,而对相同浓度的其他酸性气体的响应相对较小,对浓度在6×10-4~2.5×10-5(V/V)的硫化氢气体具有良好的线性响应(R=0.9979,n=4),相对标准偏差(RSD)为±3.5%,具有响应快、可逆性和重复性好、容易制备、可以在室温下工作等特点。 相似文献
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ZIF-8是一种Zn基金属有机骨架材料, 可以吸附丙酮气体从而作为电容式丙酮传感器的气敏材料, 然而ZIF-8的传统使用形式为粉末态, 这导致其不能成为具备柔性的整体, 从而限制了传感器的柔性. 结合包埋种子和二次生长法将ZIF-8与纳米纤维结合成纤维型柔性材料, 并将其作为气敏层制备了柔性电容式丙酮气体传感器. 该传感器在9种常见挥发性有机化合物中表现出良好的选择性, 对250~2000 cm3/m3的丙酮气体具有灵敏的响应、良好的循环响应及长期稳定性. 值得注意的是该柔性传感器不仅在室温下进行传感, 而且在弯折180°的状态下对丙酮气体的响应值与不弯折(0°)状态下几乎一致, 在200次以内的180°弯折-恢复后同样表现出了传感性能的稳定, 表明了其在柔性传感器方面的潜力. 相似文献
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基于硫堇掺杂的聚乙烯醇薄膜的光波导传感器检测硫化氢气体 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
采用旋转甩涂法将硫堇掺杂的聚乙烯醇薄膜固定在K+交换玻璃光波导表面,研制出一种高灵敏硫化氢气体传感器。 传感膜与硫化氢(H2S)气体作用时,薄膜颜色从紫色变为无色,从而降低薄膜对倏逝波的吸收,使传感器的输出光强度(信号)增强。 采用流动注射法对H2S气体进行检测。 实验结果表明,H2S传感器对浓度在0.14~56 mg/m3范围的H2S气体具有良好的线性响应(r=0.99667),检出限为0.11 mg/m3(S/N=3),相对标准偏差为4.0%,响应时间(t90)<2 s。 该传感器具有灵敏度高、响应快、可逆性和重复性好等特点。 相似文献
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Hyeryeong Jeon Jaeyeon Lee Myung Hwa Kim Juyoung Yoon 《Macromolecular rapid communications》2012,33(11):972-976
Polydiacetylenes (PDAs), a family of conjugated polymers, are very intriguing materials in several aspects. Especially, the stimulus‐induced apparent blue‐to‐red transition of the PDAs has led to the development of a variety of PDA‐based chemosensors. In the current work, we synthesized PDA monomers bearing trimethyl amine (PCDA‐DMEDA) and incorporated them with Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) into electrospun fibers. For the first time, we successfully demonstrated that PDA‐based electrospun fibers can be used for the naked‐eye detection of HCl gas by simple color change (blue to red). 相似文献
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ZnSnO3陶瓷材料气敏特性与导电机理 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8
X-射线光电子光谱(XPS)分析表明,在25~300℃时,ZnSnO3的表面存在及O ̄-两种吸附氧,且随工作温度的增加,逐渐转变成O ̄-或O ̄(2-)。ZnSnO_3周表面电阻控制型气敏材料,氧的吸附活化能为0.52eV。ZnsnO_3基元件对各种还原性气体都有一定气敏效应,它对乙醇比汽油的分辨率高5倍以上。 相似文献
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A. Dutta D. Das M.L. Grilli E. Di Bartolomeo E. Traversa D. Chakravorty 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2003,26(1-3):1085-1089
Sol-gel derived composite materials were prepared with nano-sized copper particles in silica matrix. Nano-sized oxide coatings were grown on the nano-particles of copper by subjecting the composites to a controlled oxidation treatment at different temperatures. The current response of samples with oxide layers of different thickness were studied at fixed temperatures in the range 350–450°C in the presence of different concentrations of CO and NO2. The nano-composites were sensitive to both the gases. The operating temperature and the oxide thickness were found to have significant effect on the sensing properties. 相似文献
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《中国化学快报》2020,31(8):2142-2144
Flexible trimethylamine sensor has been realized based on In2O3 nanofibers via electrospinning and a deposition technique. The web-like In2O3 nanofibers with high length-to-diameter ratios are benefit for gas adsorption and desorption. High trimethylamine sensing properties are observed. The sensors can detect trimethylamine gas down to 1 ppm at 80 °C with the response up to 3.8. Additionally, rapid response (6 s) and recovery (10 s) behavior can also be obtained. Good reliability and flexibility are observed in 100 bending/extending cycles. Our results open a new route to construct flexible gas sensors in practice. 相似文献
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Conductive polymer hydrogels (CPHs), which combine the unique advantages of hydrogels and organic conductors, have received wide attention due to their adjustable mechanical properties, biocompatibility, self‐healing, hydrophilicity, and ease of preparation. With doping engineering and incorporation with other functional nanomaterials, CPHs have exhibited excellent physical/chemical properties. CPHs have been widely used in various electronic devices, especially in the field of sensors due to its sensitivity to external stimuli. This review summarizes recent progress in CPHs from the aspect of the CPHs' properties and their application in advanced sensor technology. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019 , 57, 1606–1621 相似文献
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Computational studies of boron‐ and nitrogen‐doped single‐walled carbon nanotubes as potential sensor materials of hydrogen halide molecules HX (X = F,Cl, Br) 下载免费PDF全文
Yuriy Hizhnyi Sergii G. Nedilko Viktor Borysiuk Viktor A. Gubanov 《International journal of quantum chemistry》2015,115(20):1475-1482
Potential applicability of undoped, B‐, and N‐doped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for elaboration of the working materials of gas sensors of hydrogen halide molecules HX (X = F, Cl, Br) is analyzed in computational studies of molecular adsorption on the CNTs surfaces. Density Functional Theory (DFT)‐based geometry‐optimized calculations of the electronic structure of undoped, B‐, and N‐doped CNTs of (3,3) and (5,5) chiralities with adsorbed HX (X = F, Cl, Br) molecules are performed within molecular cluster approach. Relaxed geometries, binding energies between the adsorbates and the nanotubes, charge states of the adsorbates and the electronic wave function contours are calculated and analyzed in the context of gas sensing applications. Obtained results are supplemented by calculations of adsorption of hydrogen halides on B(N)‐doped graphene sheets which are considered as model approximation for large‐diameter CNTs. It is found that the B‐doped CNTs are perspective for elaboration of sensing materials for detection of HCl and HBr molecules. The undoped and the N‐doped CNTs are predicted to be less suitable materials for detection of hydrogen halide gases HX (X = F, Cl, Br). © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
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It is reported for the first time that the Pt/TiO2 electrocatalyst was successfully used for the electrocatalytic oxidation of CO in the electrochemical gas sensor with a controlled potential mode. The stability of electrocatalytic activity of the Pt-TiO2 electrocatalyst for the CO oxidation is better than that of Pt. 相似文献
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聚吡咯/二氧化锡杂化材料的制备及气敏性研究 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
化学氧化法制备了聚吡咯(PPy),并进行了元素分析、TG-DTA分析、FTIR测试。讨论了氧化剂用量对PPy气敏性的影响。用机械共混法制备了含不同聚吡咯的聚吡咯/二氧化锡杂化材料,研究其低温下对有毒气体NH3、H2S、NO的敏感性。结果表明,相同条件下聚吡咯/二氧化锡杂化材料的气敏性和稳定性均优于聚吡咯、二氧化锡。60 ℃时,当聚吡咯/二氧化锡杂化材料中聚吡咯的质量分数为5%时,其对体积分数为0.05%的H2S的灵敏度(Vg/ Va)达到了104.52,且响应恢复时间短。文章讨论了气体与敏感元件的相互作用机制。这一研究有助于开发低能耗、灵敏度高的气敏元件。 相似文献
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