SAPO-34分子筛的热稳定性及水热稳定性

利用高温Ｘ射线衍射技术，结合差热分析，对ＳＡＰＯ－３４分子筛烧除模板剂及随后吸附－脱附水的过程进行了研究。发现模板剂烧除的强放热效应不会导致分子筛骨架结构的破坏，活化后的分了了筛中吸附－脱附水，其Ｘ射线衍射强度可逆地减弱与恢复。     

制备条件对SAPO—34分子筛结构及MTO活性的影响

用水热法合成ＳＡＰＯ－３４分子筛,ＸＲＤ分析和微反评价表明,改变物料配比可能形成纯净的ＳＡＰＯ－５分子筛、ＳＡＰＯ－３４分子筛、ＳＡＰＯ－５和ＳＡＰＯ－３４混晶或无定形物质,不同产品的ＭＴＯ催化性能也不相同;不同的模板剂虽然能够诱发ＳＡＰＯ－３４晶核的产生,合成纯的ＳＡＰＯ－３４晶体,但用不同模板剂合成的分子筛在晶体结构及催化活性方面存在明显的差别,以三乙胺（Ｅｔ３Ｎ）为模板剂合成的ＳＡＰＯ－３４催化性能及晶体稳定性优于以二乙胺（ＤＲＡ）为模板剂合成的ＳＡＰＯ－３４;焙烧过程对晶体完美程度有很明显的影响,而且也可能改变晶胞尺寸,使晶体ＸＲＤ衍射峰位发生移动     

SAPO-34分子筛骨架稳定性的研究

利用差热分析，原位ＸＲＤ技术，高温条件下的焙烧和水蒸气处理并关联其催化性能变化，研究了ＳＡＰＯ－３４分子筛的热及水热稳定性，差热分析结果表明，ＳＡＰＯ－３４的骨架破坏温度高于１３００Ｋ，原位ＸＲＤ跟踪研究证实，ＳＡＰＯ－３４分子筛原粉在高温焙烧以除掉有机胺及随后的降温过程中无明显的骨架破坏；而焙烧型ＳＡＰＯ－３４在空气中放置一定时间后，水分子吸附微孔中明业降低样品的ＸＲＤ峰强度，且降低幅度随放置时     

CoAPSO－34分子筛的合成与性能

以三乙胺为模板剂，在碱性条件下用水热晶化法将钴元素引入了硅磷铝分子筛骨架，合成出ＣｏＡＰＳＯ－３４分子筛．实验表明，在碱性介质中以低价态引入的钴元素首先转化为高价态Ｃｏ（Ⅲ），然后才进入分子筛骨架。利用Ｘ射线粉末衍射和红外光谱对其进行了结构分析，确认钴元素进入了分子筛骨架．利用程序升温氨脱附和氨法红外光谱考察了ＣｏＡＰＳＯ－３４的表面酸性．将ＣｏＡＰＳＯ－３４用作甲醇转化的催化剂时，随钴含量增高，催化剂稳定性下降，反应产物中Ｃ＝２～Ｃ＝４烯烃的选择性升高     

双模板剂法控制SAPO－34分子筛的晶粒尺寸

分别在ＮＥｔ＿３，ＴＥＡＯＨ和ＴＥＡＯＨ－ＮＥｔ＿３双模板剂存在下合成了磷酸硅铝分子筛ＳＡＰＯ－３４．考察了模板剂的组成对ＳＡＰＯ－３４的晶粒尺寸、比表面、热稳定性和对甲醇转化反应催化性能的影响。实验表明，采用ＴＥＡＯＨ－ＮＥｔ＿３双模板剂法，能有效地控制ＳＡＰＯ－３４的晶粒尺寸，以微量的ＴＥＡＯＨ与ＮＥｔ＿３为双模板剂合成的大晶粒ＳＡＰＯ－３４分子筛，对甲醇转化产物和烯烃的选择性有显著提高     

热及水热处理对SAPO—5分子筛结构的影响

对合成的ＳＡＰＯ－５分子筛进行了高温和水热处理，并用ＩＲ，ＸＲＤ和ＭＡＳ ＮＭＲ对处理过的分子筛进行了表征。结果表明，短时间的高温焙烧并不破坏分子筛的结构，而使分子筛中的骨架元素Ｐ，Ａｌ和Ｓｉ发生重构；长时间的高温焙烧使分子筛的结晶度降低，主要是由于Ｐ和Ａｌ游离出分子筛的骨架而形成磷酸铝盐。水热处理使分筛的Ｓｉ经历一个转晶和重构过程，在使ＳＡＰＯ－５分子筛结构更加完整的同时，未完全结晶的杂质形成了     

模板剂对SAPO-34分子筛晶粒尺寸和性能的影响

分别以三乙胺，四乙基氢氧化铵及二者的混合物为模板剂合成了硅磷酸铝分子筛ＳＡＰＯ－３４。应用ＸＲＤ，ＳＥＭ，ＤＴＡ和ＮＨ３－ＴＰＤ等方法考察了合成产品的物化性能，所得结果表明，模板剂的种类对ＳＡＰＯ－３４的晶粒大小和酸性质有显著影响。在甲醇转化制低碳烯烃的过程中，以不同模板剂合成的ＳＡＰＯ－３４的催化性能也不同，其中，以双模板剂合成的分子筛具有较高的低碳烯烃选择性。     

模板剂对SAPO─34分子筛性能的影响

分别以三乙胺、四乙基氢氧化铵以及二者的混合物为模板剂，采用水热法合成了三种ＳＡＰＯ－３４分子筛样品。用化学分析、ＸＲＤ、ＴＰＤ和ＩＲ方法研究了不同模板剂对ＳＡＰＯ－３４分子筛性能的影响。实验结果表明，四乙基氢氧化铵有利于硅进入分子筛骨架；三乙胺有利于生成较多的强酸中心；将三乙胺与四乙基氢氧化铵联用，能有效地调变所合成的ＳＡＰＯ－３４的酸中心分布，使其对甲醇转化制低碳烯烃具有较高的选择性。     

模板剂对SAPO—34分子筛性能的影响

分别以三乙胺、四乙基氢氧化铵以及二者的混合物为模板剂，采用水热法合成了三种ＳＡＰＯ－３４分子筛样品。用化学分析、ＸＲＤ、ＴＰＤ和ＩＲ方法研究了不同模板剂对ＳＡＰＯ－３４分子筛性能的影响。实验结果表明，四乙基氢氧化铵有利于硅进入分子筛骨架；三乙胺有利于生成较多的强酸中心；将三乙胺与四乙基氢氧化铵联用，能有效地调变所合成的ＳＡＰＯ－３４的酸中心分布，使其对甲醇转化制低碳烯烃具有较高的选择性。     

热及水热处理对SAPO-5分子筛结构的影响

对合成的ＳＡＰＯ５分子筛进行了高温和水热处理，并用ＩＲ，ＸＲＤ和ＭＡＳＮＭＲ对处理过的分子筛进行了表征．结果表明，短时间的高温焙烧并不破坏分子筛的结构，而使分子筛中的骨架元素Ｐ，Ａｌ和Ｓｉ发生重构；长时间的高温焙烧使分子筛的结晶度降低，主要是由于Ｐ和Ａｌ游离出分子筛的骨架而形成磷酸铝盐．水热处理使分子筛中的Ｓｉ经历一个转晶和重构过程，在使ＳＡＰＯ５分子筛结构更加完整的同时，未完全结晶的杂质形成了少量的鳞英石颗粒．     

丙烯酸酯无皂乳液稳定性研究

研究了亲水性单体ＡＡ和引发剂Ｋ２Ｓ２Ｏ８用量对三元共聚物（ＭＭＡ／ＢＡ／ＡＡ）无皂乳液（ｐＨ＝８）的电解质稳定性、冻融稳定性和机械稳定性的影响。当乳液电解质稳定性最好时存在ＡＡ和Ｋ２Ｓ２Ｏ８用量最佳值,而乳液的机械稳定性则随ＡＡ和Ｋ２Ｓ２Ｏ８用量增大而迅速提高。乳液中加入丙酮可以改善其稳定性。     

A convenient tool for studying the stability of proteins and nucleic acids

The aim of this work is to discuss the thermodynamic properties, obtained by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), of the thermal transition of proteins and nucleic acids and to analyze these data using statistical thermodynamic relations. The denaturation of the ordered, specific structures of biological macromolecules is a cooperative process and in many cases the macromolecules undergo a two-state transition. Differential scanning calorimetry, giving direct thermodynamic information, has proved to be very useful in clarifying the energetics of macromolecule transitions and in characterizing their thermal stability. Here, various examples are discussed: i) the equilibrium thermal denaturation of ribonuclease A, a model for the use of DSC by following the temperature-unfolding of the proteins, a monomolecular transition; ii) the equilibrium thermal dissociation of a DNA double helix in two strands, an example of how DSC is used to follow a bimolecular process; iii) an example of the use of DSC for studying the melting of unimolecular and tetramolecular DNA quadruple-helices.     

The effect of the hydration degree on the hydrothermal and thermo-oxidative stability of some collageneous matrices

The methods of the thermal analysis (TG, DTG and DTA) were used in order to investigate the effect of the hydration degree on the thermal behaviour of some collageneous matrices. It was pointed out that the degradation of hydrated collagen in the temperature range 20-400°C occurs through two successive processes accompanied by mass losses. The first process, consisting in the collagen dehydration, is endothermic and takes place in the temperature range ≈25 - ≈125°C. The second process is exothermic and consists in the decomposition and/or thermo-oxidation of dry collagen. The thermal parameters of both processes depend on the hydration degree of collagen. The observed dependencies show that the hydrothermal and thermo-oxidative stability of collagen are strongly correlated with its water content. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Phase‐Stable CsPbI3 Nanocrystals: The Reaction Temperature Matters

High temperature colloidal synthesis for obtaining thermal, colloidal and phase‐stable CsPbI₃ nanocrystals with near‐unity quantum yield is reported. While standard perovskite synthesis reactions were carried out at 160 °C (below 200 °C), increase of another ≈100 °C enabled the alkylammonium ions to passivate the surface firmly and prevented the nanocrystals from phase transformation. This did not require any inert atmosphere storage, use of heteroatoms, specially designed ligands, or the ice cooling protocol. Either at high temperature in reaction flask or in the crude mixture or purified dispersed solution; these nanocrystals were observed stable and retained the original emission. Different spectroscopic analyses were carried out and details of the surface binding of alkyl ammonium ligands in place of surface Cs in the crystal lattice were investigated. As CsPbI₃ is one of the most demanding optical materials, bringing stability by proper surface functionalization without use of secondary additives would indeed help in wide spreading of their applications.     

烧结Nd-Fe-B磁体的环境稳定性研究进展

结合本研究室的最新研究成果,综述了烧结Nd-Fe-B磁体的环境稳定性的影响因素及研究进展,包括:磁体的温度稳定性、高温及电化学稳定性、时间稳定性和力学稳定性等,阐明改善磁体环境稳定性的重要性和迫切性。还对磁体服役过程的长时间稳定性与其他环境稳定性之间相互关系进行了探讨,通过对服役环境的分析,提出当前研究中存在的主要问题,并展望其未来的潜在的发展趋势。     

Excellent blue fluorescent trispirobifluorenes: synthesis, optical properties and thermal behaviors

Tetraiodotrispirobifluorene (1) was synthesized through cyclization of 2,7-diiodofluorene with pentaerythrityl tetrabromide under base condition. Subsequent treatment of 1 with arylboronic acid or arylacetylene under Pd-catalyzed coupling condition led to corresponding tetraaryl trispirobifluorenes (3–8). These trispirobifluorene derivatives exhibited bright-violet to blue photoluminescence (PL) with excellent quantum efficiencies and showed high thermal stabilities. ‘Green-emission tail’ could not be detected for those tetraaryl substituted trispirobifluorenes (3–8) annealed both in N₂ and in air.     

The lateral electric force on an off-axis sphere in a circular cylinder

The electrophoretic velocity of a sphere within a liquid-filled circular cylinder in a direction parallel to the cylinder axis has been studied by Yariv and Brenner (Phys. Fluids 2002, 14, 3354–3357; SIAM J. Appl. Math. 2003, 64, 423–441). We use their analyses of the electric field in order to determine the electrical force on the sphere along the cylinder radius (i.e., perpendicular to its axis) when either the radius of the sphere is small compared to that of the cylinder, or when the radius of the sphere is only slightly smaller than that of the cylinder. In both cases the force acts towards the centreline of the cylinder, and hence this force tends to stabilize electrophoresis of the sphere along the cylinder axis.     

Fluorene-bridged polyphenylquinoxalines with high solubility and good thermal stability: Synthesis and properties

<正>A novel fluorene-bridged tetraketone monomer,9,9-bis[(4-benzilyloxy)phenyl]fluorene(FLTK) was synthesized and characterized.The tetraketone was polymerized with various aromatic tetraamines to afford a series of polyphenylquinoxalines(PPQs).The obtained polymers were found to be soluble in common organic solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone(NMP),chloroform and m-cresol.Flexible and tough PPQ films obtained by spin-casting their NMP solutions exhibited tensile strengths higher than 60 MPa.The films also demonstrated good thermal stability up to 500℃in nitrogen and glass transition temperatures higher than 280℃.In addition,the PPQ films exhibited good hydrolytic stability. High surface and volume resistivity retentions were achieved for the films after immersion or boiling in water for 24 h.     

Thermal and hydrothermal stabilities of the alkali-treated HZSM-5 zeolites

HZSM-5 zeolites with the micro-mesopore hierarchical porosity have been prepared by the post-synthesis of alkali-treatment, and their thermal and hydrothermal stabilities were studied using DTA, XRD, and NH3-TPD characterization techniques. Compared to the unmodified zeolite, the thermal and hydrothermal stabilities of the alkali-treated ZSM-5 zeolites were slightly deteriorated because of the introduction of mesopores caused by the desilication. Nevertheless, the alkali-treated zeolite framework could be maintained until the temperature increased to 1175 ℃.     

Stability Enhancement of a Dimeric HER2-Specific Affibody Molecule through Sortase A-Catalyzed Head-to-Tail Cyclization

Natural backbone-cyclized proteins have an increased thermostability and resistance towards proteases, characteristics that have sparked interest in head-to-tail cyclization as a method to stability-enhance proteins used in diagnostics and therapeutic applications, for example. In this proof-of principle study, we have produced and investigated a head-to-tail cyclized and HER2-specific Z_HER2:342 Affibody dimer. The sortase A-mediated cyclization reaction is highly efficient (>95%) under optimized conditions, and renders a cyclic Z_HER3:342-dimer with an apparent melting temperature, T_m, of 68 °C, which is 3 °C higher than that of its linear counterpart. Circular dichroism spectra of the linear and cyclic dimers looked very similar in the far-UV range, both before and after thermal unfolding to 90 °C, which suggests that cyclization does not negatively impact the helicity or folding of the cyclic protein. The cyclic dimer had an apparent sub-nanomolar affinity (K_d ~750 pM) to the HER2-receptor, which is a ~150-fold reduction in affinity relative to the linear dimer (K_d ~5 pM), but the anti-HER2 Affibody dimer remained a high-affinity binder even after cyclization. No apparent difference in proteolytic stability was detected in an endopeptidase degradation assay for the cyclic and linear dimers. In contrast, in an exopeptidase degradation assay, the linear dimer was shown to be completely degraded after 5 min, while the cyclic dimer showed no detectable degradation even after 60 min. We further demonstrate that a site-specifically DyLight 594-labeled cyclic dimer shows specific binding to HER2-overexpressing cells. Taken together, the results presented here demonstrate that head-to-tail cyclization can be an effective strategy to increase the stability of an Affibody dimer.