C60分子间相互作用的Morse势函数及应用

利用C60晶体的升华焓、晶胞参数等性质,得到C60分子间相互作用的Morse势函数，其解析表达式为 u(r)=30.05 exp[－24.96(r－1.005)]－60.10 exp[－12.48(r－1.005)] 采用该作用势研究了C60及其晶体的一些性质, 如计算得到C60晶体(100)面的表面能为7.46×10－2 J•m－2, 在650～4500 K温度范围内计算了C60分子的第二维里系数, 研究了C60面心立方晶体的晶格振动, 并计算得到了晶格振动的态密度分布,还利用该作用势研究了不同晶型时C60晶体的稳定性.     

利用傅立叶变换研究铜双晶纳米线的断裂行为

利用超大规模分子动力学模拟程序研究了[111]||[110]双晶铜纳米线的拉伸断裂行为. 针对样品的周期性结构, 开发了离散傅立叶变换进行晶体特征分析的技术. 通过转换实空间的原子密度分布函数, 得到振幅-频率图和归一化的长轴原子密度分布图. 这两种处理方法提供了晶体取向和结晶状态的信息, 其中振幅-频率图适合描述大范围的晶体特征, 而归一化长轴的原子密度分布则反映了局部的细节. 利用该方法, 考察了不同拉伸时刻[111]||[110]双晶铜材料的晶体取向和结晶状态. 在拉伸过程中, 从振幅-频率图可以观察到4.78 nm-1处的[111]特征峰和7.81 nm-1处的[110]特征峰发生了低频移动和峰形变宽的现象; 同时在断裂时刻观察到了5.50 nm-1处的[100]特征峰. 证明[111]||[110]铜双晶纳米线在拉伸形变过程中发生了界面融合, 同时界面层原子向[100]晶向的转变, 最终导致了双晶纳米线在[111]晶向一侧断裂. 傅立叶变换晶体分析技术在纳米材料和器件的研究中可以发挥积极的作用.     

顺式-二氯-1,3-环戊二胺合铂的晶体结构和振动光谱的简正坐标分析

测定了顺式一二氯-1,3-环戊二胺合铂,cis-[Pt(DACP)C1_2]的晶体结构和分子结构,晶体属单斜晶系,空间群为C2/c,a=13.222(3),b=10.697(1),c=13.486(5)°A,β=116.06(2)°,Z=8。利用Patterson法得到Pt原子位置,经差值Fourier合成找到其余非氢原子的位置,用全矩阵最小二乘法修正,最后R因子为0.029。同时进行了cis-[Pt(DACP)C1_2]的振动光谱简正坐标分析,定义了80个内坐标,得到60个频率计算值,与观测值的最大误差为15cm~(-1)。采用U-B力场定义了56个力常数,得到合理的优化结果。根据位能分布进行了各振动频率的归属,並讨论了简正坐标分析中内坐标与力场的关系。     

用密度泛函方法研究α-[XMo12O40]n－杂多阴离子的振动光谱

采用第一性原理密度泛函方法,在考虑极化函数的双数字(DND)基组水平上,对α-[XMo12O40]n－(X=P, Si, Ge)杂多阴离子进行了几何构型优化,得到了与X-ray晶体衍射实验结果相一致的结构参数;并在优化几何构型基础上进行了振动频率分析,首次得到了非经验计算的杂多阴离子的振动光谱,计算的频率及强度与实验结果总体上吻合得较好.对全部22个有红外活性(IR)和44个有拉曼(R)活性的频率进行了指认,并与经验方法得到的结果进行了比较,同时,对部分频率的归属加以进一步的澄清与确认.     

用密度泛函方法研究α-[XMo12O40]n-杂多阴离子的振动光谱

采用第一性原理密度泛函方法,在考虑极化函数的双数字(DND)基组水平上,对α-[XMo12O40]n-(X=P,Si,Ge)杂多阴离子进行了几何构型优化,得到了与X-ray晶体衍射实验结果相一致的结构参数;并在优化几何构型基础上进行了振动频率分析,首次得到了非经验计算的杂多阴离子的振动光谱,计算的频率及强度与实验结果总体上吻合得较好.对全部22个有红外活性(IR)和44个有拉曼(R)活性的频率进行了指认,并与经验方法得到的结果进行了比较,同时,对部分频率的归属加以进一步的澄清与确认.     

C60掺杂物超导性EHMO晶体轨道研究

本文对晶态C60, K3C60, K6C60, Rb3C60, Rb6C60, RbCs2C60, Rb2CsC60,KRb2C60, K2RbC60, K2CsC60, Na2CsC60, Li2CsC60, Na2RbC60, Na2KC60进行了EHMO三维晶体轨道的能带结构计算。计算结果除了得到能带结构外, 还得到了这类掺杂物的总态密度, 原子与轨道净电荷, 晶体轨道矢量, 单胞内外原子与轨道投影态密度等。利用上述结果不仅可以从理论上说明A3C60的超导性以及C60和A6C60的绝缘性; 而且还得到ln(1/Tc)和-1/NEf之间一种近似的线性关系, 这个结论与BCS理论的预测非常吻合。     

面心立方C60表面过程的计算机模拟

近年来发现的C60及其金属掺杂化合物形成一个新的材料族，其半导体性质、超导性质及非线性光学性质已受到广泛注意，但目前对这类材料的表面性质尚缺乏研究，我们曾采用参数化的Lenard－Jones6－12模型函数比较不同晶型C6o的相对稳定性　[1]，预测面心立方C60（FccC60）的声子散射频率和态密度[2]，并计算其表面能[3]，取得有意义的结果，表明这一简单模型势能函数是C60分子间有效范德华作用的一种合理抽提．本工作进一步将该势能函数应用于研究fccC60表面吸附分子的迁移机理，并用蒙特卡罗方法模拟fcC（110）及（100）晶面的熔化过程，…     

预测[Si，C，S]^＋和[Si，C，S]^-体系的稳定异构体

采用DFT,QCISD及CCSD(T)方法分别对二重态的[Si,C,S] 和[Si,C,S]-体系势能面进行理论计算,用QCISD/6-311 G(d)方法,在[Si,C,S] 和[Si,C,S]-体系中,我们分别得到了2个过渡态连接的3个稳定体和2个过渡态连接的4个稳定体,经热力学及动力学分析发现,[Si,C,S] 上体系只有二重态线性的离子[Si-C-S] 可能稳定存在,而[Si,C,S]-体系有二重态线性的离子[Si-C-S]-和三元环c-[SiCS]-可能稳定存在.     

预测[Si, C, S]＋和[Si, C, S]－体系的稳定异构体

采用DFT, QCISD及CCSD(T)方法分别对二重态的[Si, C, S]＋和[Si, C, S]－体系势能面进行理论计算, 用QCISD/6-311＋G(d)方法, 在[Si, C, S]＋和[Si, C, S]－体系中, 我们分别得到了2个过渡态连接的3个稳定体和2个过渡态连接的4个稳定体, 经热力学及动力学分析发现, [Si, C, S]＋体系只有二重态线性的离子[Si—C—S]＋可能稳定存在, 而[Si, C, S]－体系有二重态线性的离子[Si—C—S]－和三元环c-[SiCS]－可能稳定存在.     

Mo~2S~4(i-mnt)~2(Et~4N)~2和(Et~4N)~3K[Mo~2S~4(i-mnt)~2]~2 [i-mnt=S~2C (CN)^2^-]阴离子的能带结构研究

二核钼簇合物Mo~2S~4(i-mnt)~2(Et~4N)~2和(Et~4N)~3K[Mo~2S~4(i-mnt)~2]~2[i-mnt=S~2C(CN)^2^-]的阴离子在晶体中构成独特的链状结构,本文采用扩展的Huckel近似下的紧束缚能带方法,计算了它们的能带结构。结果表明,相邻簇阴离子间存在弱的相互作用,它是形成链状结构的基础。链状结构与晶体的半导体性质相关联。态密度和晶体轨道重叠布居反映了晶体中电荷分布状况及化学成键特点,与晶体结构分析、NMR谱学表征结果相符合。     

常温下C60晶体中分子旋转势垒的研究

采用Ｌ－Ｊ加和势对晶体中Ｃ６０分子的旋转进行了研究，求得了对六种不同旋转轴的旋转势垒，由于常温下Ｃ６０晶体中分子在高速旋转，计算过程中除所研究的旋转分子实际处理外，其它分子对旋转分子的相互作用按原子均匀分布在Ｃ６０球面上处理。计算过程中除了考虑晶体中最近邻分子之间的相互作用外，对次近邻分子之间的相互作用本文也进行了考虑。次近邻分子之间的相互作用对旋转势垒影响很小。     

Ammoniated alkali fullerides (ND(3))(x)NaA(2)C(60): ammonia specific effects and superconductivity

The crystal structure of the superconducting (ND(3))(x)()NaA(2)C(60) (0.7 < or = x < or = 1, A= K, Rb) fullerides (T(c)= 6-15 K) has been studied by synchrotron X-ray and neutron powder diffraction. It is face-centered cubic (fcc) to low temperatures with Na(+)-ND(3) pairs residing in the octahedral interstices. These are disordered over the corners of two "interpenetrating" cubes with the Na(+) ions and the N atoms displaced by approximately 2.0 A and approximately 0.5 A from the center of the site and statically disordered over the corners of the inner and outer cube, respectively. Close contacts between the D atoms of the ND(3) molecules and electron rich 6:6 C-C bonds of neighboring C(60) units provide the signature of weak N-D.pi hydrogen-bonding interactions, which control the intermolecular packing in the crystal and may determine the unusual superconducting properties.     

The intermolecular potential function of Smith–Thakkar type for C60

The intermolecular potential function of Smith–Thakkar type for C₆₀ has been proposed, and its expression is as follows

The unit of u(r) is J/mol, r is the distance between two C₆₀ molecules center and the unit is nm. Some properties of C₆₀ in the gas and crystal have been studied using the interaction potential of Smith–Thakkar type, such as stability of C₆₀ crystals, virial coefficient and lattice dynamics.     

豆荚型纳米材料C60@SWNTs的制备和表征

通过气相扩散的方法将C60填入单壁碳纳米管（SWNTs）,制备了豆荚型纳米材料C60@SWNTs,并利用高分辨电子显微镜（HRTEM）和拉曼光谱（Raman spectra）对其进行了表征.结果均证明C60以较高的比例填充入单壁碳纳米管中.HRTEM结果表明,填入单壁碳纳米管的C60之间的距离与面心立方C60晶体中C60之间的距离有细微的差别,说明C60分子与SWNTs间存在弱的范德华相互作用.此外,还观察到在电子束的照射下,C60在SWNT中两两聚合的现象.     

Structure and bonding in beta-HMX-characterization of a trans-annular N...N interaction

Chemical bonding in the beta-phase of the 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane (HMX) crystal based on the experimental electron density obtained from X-ray diffraction data at 20 K, and solid state theoretical calculations, has been analyzed in terms of the quantum theory of atoms in molecules. Features of the intra- and intermolecular bond critical points and the oxygen atom lone-pair locations are discussed. An unusual N...N bonding interaction across the 8-membered ring has been discovered and characterized. Hydrogen bonding, O...O and O...C intermolecular interactions are reported. Atomic charges and features of the electrostatic potential are discussed.     

Application of Kihara parameters in conventional molecular force fields

While the Lennard-Jones function has been widely adopted in molecular mechanics for describing neutral non-bonded interatomic interactions, the Kihara potential possesses the flexibility of describing intermolecular energy. Due to the pervasiveness of the former and the flexibility of the latter, a set of conversion formulas is described herein for enabling molecular mechanics software to describe intermolecular energy via slight alteration to the Lennard-Jones function. In this paper it is shown that the combined imposition of equal force constant and equal equilibrium-to-dissociation energy integral enables a pair of Lennard-Jones indices to be obtained. Plotted results exhibit impeccable agreement. Such relations allow quick adoption of Kihara parameters of molecules to be applied in conventional molecular mechanics software by imal re-coding of the latter—thereby saving time and cost.     

Hierarchical modeling N2 adsorption on the surface of and within a C60 crystal: from quantum mechanics to molecular simulation

The adsorption of N(2) on the surface of, and within, a C(60) face-centered cubic crystal has been studied using a hierarchical approach. First, an ab initio potential between N(2) and C(60) is obtained from a recently developed quantum mechanical hybrid method, and then the adsorption behavior is predicted using Monte Carlo simulation. On the crystal surface, N(2) adsorption isotherm at 77.3 K is of type II. The adsorption simulated with the ab initio potential is slightly greater than that with the empirical Steele potential derived from experimental N(2) adsorption on planar graphite, and both are in fairly good agreement with measured results. With increasing pressure, N(2) molecules are found to sequentially occupy three favorable sites: the octahedral sites, the tetrahedral sites, and the top of C(60) molecules. Finally multiple layers form and wetting occurs as the bulk N(2) saturation pressure is reached. The isosteric heat of adsorption exhibits two maxima and finally approaches the enthalpy of vaporization of bulk N(2). Within the crystal, the N(2) adsorption isotherm at 77.3 K is of type I, and the use of ab initio potential leads to significantly greater adsorption than the Steele potential. N(2) molecules are observed to intercalate only the octahedral sites, and the isosteric heat of adsorption is nearly a constant. As in our previous work of N(2) and O(2) adsorption in the C(168) schwarzite (Jiang et al. J. Phys. Chem. B 2004, 108, 9852), this work demonstrates the importance of an accurate adsorbate-adsorbent interaction potential in the determination of gas adsorption behavior.     

The experimental electron density distribution in the complex of (E)-1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene with 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene at 90 K

The experimental electron density of the donor-acceptor complex of (E)-1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene (bpe) with 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene (F(4)DIB) at 90 K has been determined with the aspherical atom formalism and analyzed by means of the topological theory of molecular structure. The bpe and F(4)DIB molecules are connected by intermolecular I.N bonds into infinite 1D chains. F.H bonds link these chains together to form the crystal assembly. The topological analysis reveals that the Cbond;I bond is of the "closed shell" type. Its bond-critical properties run parallel to those found in metal-metal and metal-ligand bonds of organometallic compounds. The integrated net charges show that the I.N halogen bond has an essentially electrostatic nature. F.F, F.C, and C.C intermolecular interactions, for which a bond path was found, contribute to reinforce the crystal structure.     

Determination of unlike-pair potential parameters from second virial coefficient data

Using available interaction virial coefficient data for forty-five non-polar binary systems, potential parameters for unlike interactions have been obtained by an analytical procedure for the Lennard—Jones (12-6) and Kihara intermolecular potentials.