粉苞苣挥发油化学成分的GC-MS测定分析

利用气相色谱 质谱联用技术对粉苞苣的挥发油成分进行分析测定.从这种植物挥发油的45个峰中鉴定出27个化合物,所鉴定的组分占挥发油色谱总峰面积的77.25%.     

大叶桉叶挥发油的化学成分研究

用挥发油提取器提取大叶桉干叶中的挥发油,利用色质联用(GC/MS)产生的双线性数据,藉化学计量学分辨方法,得到了各组分的纯物质色谱峰和质谱图。根据色谱保留时间,同时利用解析所得的纯物质质谱图在NIST质谱数据库进行相似检索来对各个组分进行定性分析;采用色谱峰面积归一法计算各化合物的相对含量。共分离了113个化合物,鉴定了其中90个,占总挥发油的93.28%。主要为萜类、萜醇类等化合物,还成功地检测出一些色谱分离不完全和低含量的组分。     

顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法分析莪术的挥发油成分

采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法分离和鉴定莪术挥发油成分,用归一化测定其相对含量。共分离出64个组分,鉴定出57种化合物,其含量占总挥发油组分峰面积98.02%。主要挥发成分及其含量为β-榄香稀(18.73%)、β-榄烯酮(11.03%)、莪术二酮(8.47%)、γ-榄香稀(6.79%)。     

兴安落叶松针叶挥发油的GC-MS和启发渐进式特征投影法分析

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取兴安落叶松针叶挥发油,利用气相色谱.质谱(GC-MS)联用对挥发油进行成分测定,并对其重叠色谱峰采用启发渐进式特征投影(HELP)法进行分辨,得到各组分的纯色谱峰和质谱,然后采用峰面积归一化法确定各化合物的相对含量.共分离出110种化合物,鉴定了70种化合物,占挥发油总量的93.09%,其中单萜、倍半萜和二萜的含量分别为31.92%、53.29%和6.91%.     

沙枣花挥发油化学成分的研究

本文用自制的水蒸汽蒸馏－溶剂萃取装置从沙枣花鲜花中提取挥发油，测得其含量为0.1%,用毛细管气相色谱-质谱法对挥发油的化学成分进行了研究,色谱分离出85个组分,质谱鉴定了其中47个组分,主要组分为反式肉桂酸乙酯,占总色谱峰面积的78.88%,IR和NMR为主要成分的鉴定提供了佐证。     

墨西哥鼠尾草与齿叶薰衣草挥发油化学成分比较

采用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取墨西哥鼠尾草和齿叶薰衣草挥发油,通过GC-MS分析其化学成分,并用峰面积归一化法计算各组分的相对含量。结果表明,墨西哥鼠尾草和齿叶薰衣草挥发油化学成分和含量有较大差别。     

白千层挥发油化学成分分析

用毛细管气相色谱、气相色谱－ 质谱－ 计算机分析技术, 对植物白千层枝叶挥发油化学成分进行了分析研究, 从这种植物挥发油中分离出８０ 个以上的组分, 确认了其中的３５ 种成分, 所鉴定的组分占挥发油色谱总峰面积的９０ ％ 以上。     

顶空萃取-气相色谱-质谱法分析马鞭草的挥发油组分

采用顶空萃取-气相色谱-质谱法分离和鉴定马鞭草挥发油化学成分,用归一化法测定其相对含量.鉴定出64个组分,其含量占总挥发油组分峰面积的97.76%.主要成分是乙酸(3.55%)、芳樟醇(4.41%)、反-石竹烯(9.30%)、反-β-金合欢烯(3.99%)、律草烯(5.61%)、α-姜黄烯(8.50%)、十五烷(8.48%)、γ-芹子烯(3.75%)、β-没药烯(5.66%)、β-杜松烯(3.57%).     

气相色谱-质谱法测定艾叶挥发油中化学成分

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取艾叶的挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱法分离和鉴定挥发油成分,并用归一化法测定其相对含量。共分离出76个组分,鉴定出59种化合物。其含量占总挥发油组分峰面积的94.3%。贵州遵义产艾叶主要挥发油成分及其含量为1,8-桉叶油素(22.19%)、樟脑(10.39%)、绿花白千层醇(6.57%)、蒿醇(4.95%)、L-龙脑(4.88%)、α-松油烯(3.98%)、蒿酮(3.44%)、顺式桧烯水合物(3.36%)、4-松油醇(2.68%)、菊油环酮(2.51%)、β-崖柏酮(2.41%)、1-松油醇(2.32%)和丁香酚(2.26%)等。     

固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法测定千里光的挥发油成分

采用固相微萃取-气相色谱质谱法分离和鉴定千里光挥发油成分,用归一化法测定其相对含量。共分离出93个组分,鉴定出71种化学物,其含量占总挥发油组分峰面积的96.39%。主要挥发成分及其含量为十四烯(11.55%)、4乙烯基苯酚(10.99%)、δ-榄香烯(10.25%)、4-乙烯基-2甲氧基-苯酚(9.75%)、莰烯(8.7%)、(E,E)-α-金合欢烯(7.1%)和三环烯(4.6%)等。     

Analysis of gin essential oil mixtures by multidimensional and one-dimensional gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with spectral deconvolution

The composition of essential oils and their mixtures used to formulate gin is usually too complex to separate all sample components by standard capillary gas chromatography (GC). In particular, minor constituents that possess important organoleptic properties can be masked by co-elution with major sample components. A solution is provided that combines gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with "interactive" spectral deconvolution software. Sequential two-dimensional (2D) GC/MS is used to produce a target compound library, with orthogonal GC-GC providing the separation power required to obtain peak retention times and the corresponding mass spectra needed for the deconvolution database. The combination of these two techniques, mass spectral deconvolution and automated sequential 2D-GC/MS, offers a very effective synergy for both identifying key constituents that determine the perception of flavor and aroma and the quality control needed to analyze mixtures of complex essential oils.     

Chemical composition of the essential oils from the flower, leaf and stem of Lonicera japonica

The essential oils from different aerial parts of Lonicera japonica have been extracted by hydro-distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Quantitative and qualitative differences were found between the analyzed plant parts. A total of eighty-nine compounds were identified. The main constituents were (Z,Z)-farnesole (16.2%) and linalool (11.0%) for the flowers fraction, hexadecanoic acid (16.0%) and linalool (8.7%) for the leaves fraction, and hexadecanoic acid (31.4%) for the stems. Monoterpene hydrocarbons were absent from all the oils, and oxygenated sesquiterpenes were not identified in the essential oil of the stem.     

Reinvestigation of carvotanacetone after 100 years along with minor terpenoid constituents of Blumea malcolmii Hook. F. essential oil

Reinvestigation of essential oil constituents of Blumea malcolmii Hook. F. (Asteraceae) was carried out after 100 years using gas chromatography equipped with flame ionisation detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Eighteen constituents, representing 99.2% of the total oil, were identified. The major compound was identified by GC/MS and NMR (¹H and ¹³C) as carvotanacetone (92.1%). The minor compounds of essential oil have also been identified for the first time in B. malcolmii. The oil was found to be rich in oxygenated monoterpene-type constituents (95.0%).     

Comparison of MAHD with UAE and Hydrodistillation for the Analysis of Volatile Oil From Four Parts of Perilla frutescens Cultivated in Southern China

Three different isolation techniques, specifically microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and conventional hydrodistillation (HD) were employed to obtain essential oils from whole plants, leaves, roots, and stems of Perilla frutescens. The essential oils were analyzed using gas chromatography with flame ionization detection and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. Variations in chemical composition were observed; these were attributed to differences in plant organs. Variations in the percentages of the main constituents of the oils extracted based on plant organ were irregular and affected the quantity and composition of the oils. Oil yields were affected by the method of extraction and extraction organ variation. The maximum volume of oil was extracted from leaves via MAHD and the minimum was extracted from roots via UAE. Oil yields ranged from 0.05% to 0.53%. The contents of essential oil varied significantly with the plant organ. In the essential oils of the plant parts studied were showed a predominance of oxygenated monoterpenes. Variation of extraction methods and organs may influence the oil components either qualitatively or quantitatively.     

Study on essential oils from the leaves of two Vietnamese plants: Jasminum subtriplinerve C.L. Blume and Vitex quinata (Lour) F.N. Williams

The essential oil constituents of the leaves of Jasminum subtriplinerve (Oleaceae) and Vitex quinata (Verbanaceae) cultivated in Vietnam were analysed by gas chromatography – flame ionisation detector (GC–FID) and gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC–MS) techniques. The main constituents identified in J. subtriplinerve were mainly oxygenated monoterpenes represented by linalool (44.2%), α-terpineol (15.5%), geraniol (19.4%) and cis-linalool oxide (8.8%). The quantitative significant components of V. quinata were terpene hydrocarbons comprising of β-pinene (30.1%), β-caryophyllene (26.9%) and β-elemene (7.4%). The chemical compositions of the essential oils are being reported for the first time.     

广西产马尾松与湿地松针叶精油化学成分的比较

用水蒸气蒸馏法从广西产马尾松和湿地松的针叶中提取精油,探索了松针投料量和提取时间对产油率的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件为：松针投料量700 g,提取时间5 h。在此最佳条件下马尾松和湿地松针叶的产油率分别为0.45%和0.19%。用气相色谱（GC）和气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）等方法分别对两树种的针叶精油进行了定量和定性分析,从马尾松针叶精油中分离出64种化学成分,鉴定了其中的20种成分,占挥发油总量的98.59%;从湿地松针叶精油中分离出73种化学成分,鉴定了其中的29种成分,占挥发油总量的94.23%。两树种针叶精油的主要化学成分大致相同,但在含量上有较大差别。马尾松针叶精油中α-蒎烯的含量约为湿地松的2.6倍,但其β-蒎烯含量低于后者。单萜和倍半萜是构成马尾松和湿地松针叶精油的主要成分。     

Simultaneous Analysis of Lipid-Soluble Constituents of Erxian Decoction by GC–MS

Erxian Decoction (EXD), a traditional Chinese medicine formula mainly composed of six Chinese herbs, was originally developed for menopausal syndromes and had been practiced since the 1950s in China. Previous studies only focused on the water-soluble compounds involved in EXD by LC or TLC. This study analyzed the whole profile of the volatile constituents contained in EXD to supplement its quality evaluation method. Several EXD samples were extracted with chloroform and ethyl acetate, respectively, to get the lipid-soluble chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions and compared their gas chromatographic profiles by GC–MS. The EXD samples were hydrolyzed with hydrochloric acid in a water-bath at 100 °C, neutralized with 40% NaOH, and finally extracted with ethyl acetate and chloroform for the quantification of the total sarsasapogenins contained in EXD. A total of 56 compounds belonging to a variety of natural product categories such as aromatic phenols, terpenes, fatty acids, ketones, esters, and aldehydes, etc. were identified from the chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts by using the online EI–MS characterization. The GC–MS method showed a linear response for sarsasapogenin quantification with r = 0.994. The intra-day and inter-day variations of precision and accuracy of the assay were less than 5%. This developed GC–MS method could thus be successfully applied for the identification of lipid-soluble constituents derived from EXD, and also for the accurate quantification of the total sarsasapogenins contained in the acid hydrolyzed EXD samples.     

Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of essential oils from Pimpinella aurea, Pimpinella corymbosa, Pimpinella peregrina and Pimpinella puberula gathered from Eastern and Southern Turkey

Essential oils from fruits, stems and leaves and roots of Pimpinella aurea DC., P. corymbosa Boiss., P. peregrina L. were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques. Fruits and aerial parts of P. puberula (DC.) Boiss were also evaluated. A total of 140 different compounds were identified, and significant qualitative and quantitative differences were observed among the samples. In fact, the main constituents of each species were different and only the oils extracted from roots shared the same principal compound, epoxy pseudoisoeugenyl-2-methyl butyrate (26.8-42.8%). The other fractions were dominated by different sesquiterpene compounds although in three of them, P. aurea stem and leaves, P. puberula fruits and P. puberula stems and leaves, monoterpene constituents also appear as main ones.     

The chemical composition of the essential oils of Cirsium palustre and C. rivulare and their antiproliferative effect

The composition of the essential oils of Cirsium palustre and C. rivulare and their antiproliferative activity against breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MBA-231) were investigated. The essential oils obtained by hydro-distillation from the roots (yield 0.2 and 0.1% v/w, respectively), leaves and inflorescences (yield below 0.01%), were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The composition of the essential oils in the respective organs of each plant differed considerably. On the other hand, similarities were observed in the composition of root and leaf oils. In C. palustre and C. rivulare root oil, 50 and 39 constituents were identified, accounting for 95.3% and 92.4% of the total content. The main components were aplotaxene and its derivatives, representing 78.6% and 46.6% of the total content. In leaf oils of both species, 59 and 49 compounds, respectively, were identified, representing 67.4% and 78.3% of the total content. The major constituents were beta-damascenone (4.1% and 13.4%, respectively) and beta-ionone (6.7% and 5.3%, respectively). Short-chain saturated and unsaturated aliphatic alcohols and aldehydes constituted another important group of compounds (17.7% and 9.0%, respectively). The essential oils of the roots have moderate anti-proliferative activity, with IC50 values ranging from 110 to 140 microg/mL. These concentrations were below the level able to inhibit the proliferation of healthy cells.     

Tracking juniper berry content in oils and distillates by spectral deconvolution of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry data

The complex nature of botanicals and essential oils makes it difficult to identify all of the constituents by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) alone. In this paper, automated sequential, multidimensional gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-GC/MS) was used to obtain a matrix-specific, retention time/mass spectrometry library of 190 juniper berry oil compounds. GC/MS analysis on stationary phases with different polarities confirmed the identities of each compound when spectral deconvolution software was used to analyze the oil. Also analyzed were distillates of juniper berry and its oil as well as gin from four different manufacturers. Findings showed the chemical content of juniper berry can be traced from starting material to final product and can be used to authenticate and differentiate brands.