超声促进浸渍法制备催化剂LaCoO3/γ-Al2O3

使用超声波促进浸渍法制备了负载纳米钙钛矿型催化剂LaCoO3/γ-Al2O3，考察了超声波辐照对催化剂性质的影响.实验结果表明，在浸渍过程施加超声波辐照可以显著缩短浸渍时间、增加活性组分的负载量和孔内含量、提高活性组分的分散度，使催化剂对NO分解反应的催化活性增加.     

高分子负载金属催化剂在加氢反应中的应用

本文以金属活性组分为序对各种高分子负载加氢催化剂的活性组分存在形式，高分子载体种类和加氢底物进行了归纳和总结，引用文献２１７篇。     

离分子负载金属催化剂在加氢反应的应用

本文以金属活性组分为序对各种高分子负载加氢催化剂的活性组分存在形式，高分子载体种类和加氢底物进行了归纳和总结，引用文献２１７篇。     

沸石分子筛及其负载型催化剂去除VOCs研究进展

挥发性有机物（VOCs）的排放对自然环境、人类健康产生了严重危害,吸附法和催化氧化法是治理VOCs的有效方法.沸石分子筛含有丰富的微孔,比表面积大,且含有较多的酸位点,具有一定的催化活性,十分适合作为催化剂载体材料,被广泛应用于分离、吸附及催化等领域.本文综述了不同沸石分子筛吸附去除及沸石基负载型催化剂催化氧化去除烷烃、芳香烃、醛类、酮类、酸类、酯类、醇类及氯代烃等VOCs的研究进展.分析表明,沸石吸附剂的孔道结构、硅铝比、表面物理化学性质,VOCs种类、极性、亲水性,对沸石分子筛吸附性能影响较大;沸石载体表面酸碱度,催化剂活性组分种类、分散性,VOCs种类等是影响负载型催化剂催化活性的重要因素;沸石载体和活性组分之间存在协同作用,赋予了负载型催化剂优异的催化活性.沸石负载贵金属催化剂对各类VOCs的催化氧化性能优于沸石负载金属氧化物催化剂,但贵金属价格昂贵,成本较高,通过合理设计多组分金属氧化物催化剂,可显著提高负载型催化剂的催化活性.此外,本文对沸石分子筛及其负载型催化剂去除VOCs的未来研究方向进行了展望.     

超声促进浸渍法制备催化剂 LaCoO3/γ-Al2O3

使用超声波促进浸渍法制备了负载纳米钙钛矿型催化剂 LaCoO3/γ-Al2O3,考察了超声波辐照对催化剂性质的影响 .实验结果表明,在浸渍过程施加超声波辐照可以显著缩短浸渍时间、增加活性组分的负载量和孔内含量、提高活性组分的分散度,使催化剂对 NO分解反应的催化活性增加.     

关于新型蜂窝状筛网催化剂的研究——制备方法和催化性能

将活性组分负载于金属筛网模件上，制备了具有三维通透结构的蜂窝状筛网催化剂，100%的二氧化钛、2%的磷酸、0.25%的聚乙烯醇和聚乙二醇为最佳的成型助剂配方，经盐酸刻蚀、高温焙烧后，在金属筛网上将产生表面粗糙的基质层，其主要成分为Fe3O4，经过NH3选择性催化还原NO反应的考察发现，将质层对反应的化学动力影响不大；二氧化钛的涂覆能显著降低氨氧化副反应，同时在高温下二氧化钛涂层具有一定的NO还原活性，蜂窝状筛网催化剂具有良好的催化活性，当T=300℃时，催化活性可达90%以上。     

蛇床子及其制剂中香豆素类活性成份的胶束电动毛细管色谱含量测定

建立了胶束电动毛细管色谱分离和测定蛇床子及其制剂中3种香豆素类活性组分的方法.系统考察了背景电解质pH、表面活性剂浓度、有机改性剂种类和浓度对分离的影响.实验结果表明:在缓冲液浓度为10 mmol/L、缓冲液pH为10.5、SDS浓度为20 mmol/L、甲醇浓度为10%时的优化条件下,蛇床子及其制剂中3种香豆素类活性组分得到基线分离.且方法具有较好的重现性.     

市售大黄及三黄片中蒽醌类活性成分的胶束电动毛细管色谱含量测定

建立了胶束电动毛细管色谱分离和测定大黄及其制剂三黄片中蒽醌类活性组分的方法．考察了背景电解质pH、表面活性剂浓度、有机改性剂种类和浓度对分离的影响．实验结果表明：在缓冲液pH为9．5、SDS浓度为25mmol／L、乙氰浓度为20％时的优化条件下,大黄及三黄片中蒽醌类活性组分得到基线分离且方法具有较好的重现性．     

负载型碱催化剂的制备及其在酯交换和醇、胺羰化反应中应用

以三乙胺和甲醇钠为活性碱组分,以Ａ,Ｘ和Ｙ型分子筛及硅胶和有机高聚物担体为载体制备了负载型碱性催化剂。考察了催化剂在甲醇和二乙胺羰化以及酯交换反应中的活性,并考察了催化剂制备过程中多种因素对活性的影响,结果表明,在催化剂制备过程中,溶剂和制备方法对催化剂活性的影响较大,而载体粒度的影响较小,在适当的条件下,上述载体能较好地负载有机碱三乙胺和甲醇钠,所得负载型碱性催化剂在环氧丙烷作用下具有较高的甲醇和二乙胺羰化催化活性及酯交换催化活性。     

丙烷在负载型催化剂上脱氢反应的研究 Ⅶ.丙烷在负载型金属催化剂上临氢脱

通过对丙烷在负载型金属催化剂 上临氢脱氢反应性能的考察，发现除 负载 型Pt、Pd等具有脱氢活性外；负载型Cu 也同样具 有脱氢活性，并且随Cu载量增加而升高。对催化剂稳定性研究结果表明，载体与金属组分间相互作用是不容忽视的因素之一。催化剂选择性影响 因素主要是加氢裂化或氢解反应。因此，对催化剂脱氢选择性的改善既可通过调变金属组分的脱氢加氢性能，也可通过改变载体酸性进行。     

Ti/IrO_2-Ta_2O_5阳极载量与析氧电催化性能研究

采用Pechini法制得Ti/IrO2-Ta2O5氧化物阳极,研究了涂层载量对Ti/IrO2-Ta2O5阳极微观结构和析氧电催化性能的影响.SEM、EDX、极化曲线、循环伏安及强化电解试验等测试结果表明:涂层载量增加,涂层裂缝变窄变浅,且IrO2晶粒偏析趋于增强;同时也提高了阳极析氧电催化活性,增大阳极活性表面积及延长阳极使用寿命;强化电解寿命与Ir涂覆量(1.98～9.08g/m2)基本呈线性递增关系.     

Optimization of electroless Ni?P coatings based on multiple roughness characteristics

This paper presents an experimental study of roughness characteristics of electroless Ni? P coatings. Optimization of coating process parameters is done with multiple surface roughness characteristics based on Taguchi method coupled with grey relational analysis. Experiments are carried out by utilizing the combination of process parameters based on L₂₇ Taguchi orthogonal design with three process parameters, viz. bath temperature, concentration of nickel source solution and concentration of reducing agent. Results show that concentration of the reducing agent and its interaction with concentration of the nickel source solution have significant influence in controlling the roughness characteristics of electroless Ni? P coating. Grey‐based Taguchi method is found to optimize the coating parameters fairly well. The surface morphology and composition of coatings are also studied with the help of scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersed X‐ray analysis and X‐ray diffraction analysis. No significant change in nickel and phosphorous content of coatings occurs with annealing. The Ni? P deposit is nanocrystalline in the as‐plated condition, and upon heat treatment at 400 °C it produces Ni₅P₂, Ni₂P, and NiP₂ as major compound constituents. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

制备因素对Ni/C催化剂上乙醇气相羰基化反应性能的影响

采用等体积浸渍法制备负载型Ni/C催化剂,考察了制备因素对乙醇直接气相羰基化反应的影响。实验结果表明,催化剂最佳制备因素为,Ni的质量分数为5%,活性炭采用水洗预处理,控制浸渍液的pH值为8.0～9.0,焙烧温度为450℃,H₂还原温度为400℃。采用上述参数制备的Ni/C催化剂,其乙醇转化率和丙酸选择性分别为96.14%和95.71%。利用N₂物理吸附法研究载体预处理对催化剂比表面积、孔容及孔径的影响和X射线衍射法(XRD)研究了活性组分在惰性气氛中焙烧时的分散状况。     

预先负载原料法的制备过程对复合分子筛形成的影响

采用预先负载原料法合成了具有核/壳结构的复合分子筛, 并研究了铝源类型和制备过程对反应的影响. 结果表明, 以异丙醇铝为铝源时, 晶化时间较短, 产物中没有SAPO-5晶体, 延长晶化时间可以提高SAPO-5的结晶度. 将负载磷的ZSM-5分别与不同组成的凝胶混合, 经室温陈化后可以明显加快晶化速度. 制备过程中凝胶的水含量和搅拌方式也根据铝源类型的不同有所差别. 当以拟薄水铝石为原料时, 在相同的处理条件下, 产物的结晶度都较高.     

Research on the implementing conditions of inverse emulsion-breath figure method

The relationships between three steps of the inverse emulsion-breath figure (Ie-BF) method, including emulsion preparation, film casting and hydrophilic component loading, are explored by adjusting the experimental factors of the three implementing processes. For emulsion preparation step, the influence of the ultrasonification, the concentration of emulsifier and the addition of polymer on the size of the emulsion droplets are investigated. For film casting step, the influence of environmental humidity and several factors concerning the emulsion preparation on the porous structure of the resultant films are studied. It has been proved that high humidity is a necessity for obtaining surface pores, and multi-layered pores with disordered distribution can be formed in the bulk layer of the film when high water/oil ratio is used in making the emulsion. Bovine serum albumin is loaded into the emulsion water droplets, and by implementing the Ie-BF method under the condition of water/oil ratio being as low as 0.02 vol%, selective protein enrichment within the interior of the top-layer pores is still realized. It reflects the characteristics of “high efficiency, targeted assembly” in the step of hydrophilic component loading.     

聚苯胺颗粒材料的表面改性

用改性的溶胶-凝胶法制备了表面包覆有一定厚度的钛酸钡薄膜的聚苯胺,通过TEM和FT-IR分析方法研究了其形貌及微结构,并探讨了改性聚苯胺材料的电流变性能.FT-IR研究结果表明,在聚苯胺与钛酸钡之间存在着N－O间的氢键作用.TEM研究结果表明,改性聚苯胺粒子的直径在1.0～1.5 μm之间.此外,包覆工艺显著改善了材料的介电性能和电流变性能,为制备出高性能的电流变材料提供了一条可行的途径,值得进一步研究.     

A comparison of automated and manual techniques for measurement of electrospun fibre diameter

Electrospinning is a fibre manufacturing process, and fibre diameter is a fundamental property. We compare diameter measurements made by human operators against two automated algorithms (FibreQuant™ and SEMAnalyser™). The effects of scanning electron microscopy preparation by iridium, gold and carbon coating on fibre diameter are also examined.A human takes 2.2 h to make 150 measurements. Automated analysis produces 9000 measurements less than 5 minutes. The automated method produces results without researcher bias and with greater consistency, but will occasionally include incorrect measurements because of the simple heuristics used. The manual method used by human operators shows larger variation in reported averages and is labour intensive.Before obtaining scanning electron microscopy images, the fibre samples require a conductive coating to prevent charging and burning of the fibres; the effects of SEM preparation methods such as iridium, gold and carbon coating showed that iridium coating had the least impact on fibre diameter.     

Preparation of High Performance Alumina PLOT Columns and Analysis of Light Hydrocarbons

With the introduction of new capillary column coating technique.It has been realized to prepare gas chromatograph of very high resolution. There has been continued interest in extending the use of GSC adsorbent to capillary chromatography. Currently the film built up on the inner surface of the capillary column can be quite homogeneous and the separation efficiency of the column is increased as well. There have been numerous papers that describe the preparation of PLOT columns in detail. However, Owing to the complexity of the preparation of porous layer for capillary GSC. It is still urgently need to extensively study the preparation process in order to get desired capillary columns of high quality and good reproducibility. This paper describe a new coating method of high performance PLOT columns with alumina by means of liquid phase deposition other than dynamic or static coating techniques. The selectivity, reproducibility and separation power of the column in analysis of light hydrocarbons were examined.     

Optimization of preparation conditions of Fe-Co nanoparticles in low-temperature CO oxidation reaction by taguchi design method

Mixed iron-cobalt oxide(Co/Fe molar ratio=1/5) are prepared using a simple co-precipitation procedure and studied for the catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide.In particular,the effects of a range of preparation variables such as pH value when precipitation,aging temperature,precipitation agent type and aging time are investigated on the catalytic performance of synthesized Fe-Co oxides in CO oxidation reaction.In addition,the preparation factors were optimized by Taguchi design method.The optimized sample was characterized by XRD,N2 adsorption/desorption,TEM and TGA/DTA techniques.The results reveal that the optimized sample shows a mesoporous structure with a narrow pore size distribution centered in the range of 2-7nm.The sample prepared under optimized conditions has high activity and stability toward removal of carbon monoxide at lower temperatures.It is shown that different preparation variables influence the catalytic performance of Fe-Co oxide in CO oxidation reaction.     

磷化过程的Taguchi设计

通过对磷化液配方及磷化工艺的改进,解决了磷化液沉淀多,不稳定及磷化膜微观结构差的问题．针对钢铁磷化过程中出现的磷化膜质量与磷化面积之间的非线性关系,应用Ｔａｇｕｃｈｉ方法,对磷化过程进行了优化,实现了磷化膜质量与磷化件面积之间的线性关系,磷化液连续循环使用的性能也得到根本的改进