重量法测定偏钒酸钾中钾的含量

对钾离子的测定方法有原子吸收分光光度法、电位滴定法,ICP AES法,X射线荧光光谱法等。但这些方法对测定高含量的钾,不是误差较大,就是手续较繁琐。可重量法测定钾还是较为少见。本文参考GB15063 94复混肥料中钾含量测定方法[1]及比较生产单位所用的高氯酸钾重量法测定偏钒酸钾中钾,经过试验,发现重量法测定高含量钾较有潜力;但高氯酸钾重量法大量的偏钒酸易形成钒酸盐同时部分析出,夹杂在高氯酸钾中,而使结果偏高,而用四苯基合硼酸钠溶液沉淀偏钒酸钾中钾离子,大量的钒离子对测定也有干扰,通过试验,本文用EDTA络合钒及其它微量阳…     

偏氟乙烯的聚合反应

本文研究了用有机引发剂引发偏氟乙烯的水相聚合,并对制得的聚偏氟乙烯的性质进行了研究。有机引发剂引发聚合的聚偏氟乙烯的热稳定性、强度、结晶度和熔点均比用过硫酸盐引发聚合的聚偏氟乙烯高。     

粉状白钙酸的研究III.从粉状白钨酸制备偏钨酸铵和偏钨酸有机铵酸以及它们的性质研究

本文继活性状白钨酸的制得,用其制备偏钨聚钠后,进一步报道了以粉状白钨酸为出发点的偏钨酸铵(NH4)6[H2(W3O10)4].nH2O、偏钨酸乙基铵、二乙基铵、三乙基铵和四乙基铵盐的合成及部分性质研究。同法还制得偏钨酸三正丁基铵,经化学分析其组成接近[(n-C4H9)3NH]6[H2(W3O10)4],与文献报道的"酸式盐"[(n-C4H9)2NH]5H[H2(W3O10)4]不同。     

偏氯乙烯悬浮聚合反应速率模型

通过实验研究了偏氯乙烯悬浮聚合反应动力学,比较了偏氯乙烯与氯乙烯聚合动力学行为的异同.在假定偏氯乙烯聚合反应发生在单体相和液固界面两个区域的基础上,提出了偏氯乙烯沉淀聚合反应速率模型.模型预测的转化率值几乎在全转化率范围内都与本文的偏氯乙烯悬浮聚合实验结果一致.     

推证热力学函数偏微商方法的探讨

推证热力学函数偏微商方法的探讨高建安（南方冶金学院，赣州３４１０００）１引言热力学体系常用的八个热力学函数（Ｔ、Ｐ、Ｖ、Ｓ、Ｕ、Ｈ、Ｆ、Ｇ）间存在３３６个一级偏微商，这些偏微商在理论研究、热力学工程和教学中部有重要作用，所以不少学者对此进行了研究。热...     

利用三种方法合成偏诺皂甙类化合物

利用三种重要的糖苷化方法, 合成了6个偏诺皂甙类化合物(7~12). 在三种合成方法中, 分别选择了单糖及二糖的卤苷供体、三氯亚胺酯供体及硫苷供体(1~6)以考察它们与受体偏诺皂甙元的反应结果. 利用偏诺皂甙元在3位和17位羟基上的位阻差异, 使偏诺皂甙元17位羟基在不被保护的情况下与每种糖供体只在其3位羟基发生选择性反应.     

高阻隔材料—偏氯乙烯共聚胶乳

本文对高阻隔材料——偏氯乙烯共聚胶乳的合成、特征及改善胶乳性能的方法进行了详细的介绍。     

热力学偏导数的直接转换方法

热力学偏导数的直接转换方法郑重德（电子科技大学信息材料工程学院成都６１００５４）将不易测量的含Ｓ、Ｕ、Ｈ、Ｆ、Ｇ的热力学偏导数转换为易于测量的ｐ、Ｖ、Ｔ、Ｓ、Ｃｐ、ＣＶ表达，在热力学的理论和应用上均有着十分重要的意义。鉴于现有的转换方法［１－３］多为...     

高阻隔材料——偏氯乙烯悬浮共聚树脂

本文介绍偏氯乙烯悬浮共聚树脂的优异阻隔性能、合成配方与工艺。     

铜化合物在合成菊酸乙酯中的催化作用

以铜化合物催化重氮乙酸乙酯与2,5-二甲基-2,4-己二烯的环丙烷化反应,得到了高活性、高选择性的催化剂。探讨了催化剂结构与环丙烷化产率的关系,发现催化剂阴离子的吸电子能力、配体与铜(Ⅰ)的配位能力以及配体的空间位阻等对环丙烷化产率的影响有一定的规律性。     

Studies on technetium and some carboxylic and hydroxamic acids

Interactions between technetium and salicylic acid, oxalic acid, gentisic acid, dipicolinic acid, pyridine-2,5-dicarboxylic acid, salicylhydroxamic acid, dipicolindihydroxamic acid and 5-methoxycarbonyl-2-pyridinehydroxamic acid are described. The complexation reactions have been investigated (pH, , stability, stoichiometry) and the results obtained have been comparatively evaluated.     

桦木酸及其衍生物的制备与抗肿瘤作用的研究进展

桦木酸是一种羽扇豆烷型的五环三萜类化合物,因具有显著的抗肿瘤和抗HIV病毒特性而受到人们关注。桦木酸存在于多种植物中,可以用提取法得到,但由于桦木酸在植物中含量低,其主要来源是由合成法得到。许多桦木酸衍生物也具有抗肿瘤活性。本文介绍了桦木酸的提取与合成等制备方法,以及几种桦木酸衍生物的合成路线,并对桦木酸及其衍生物的抗肿瘤途径和机理进行了概述。     

Electrochemical behavior and antioxidant and prooxidant activity of natural phenolics

We have investigated the electrochemical oxidation of a number natural phenolics (salicylic acid, m-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, protocatechuic acid, o-coumaric acid, m-coumaric acid, p-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, quercetin and rutin) using cyclic voltammetry. The antioxidant properties of these compounds were also studied. A structural analysis of the tested phenolics suggests that multiple OH substitution and conjugation are important determinants of the free radical scavenging activity and electrochemical behavior. Compounds with low oxidation potentials (Epa lower than 0.45) showed antioxidant activity, whereas compounds with high Epa values (>0.45) act as prooxidants.     

Hydroxycarboxylic and oxocarboxylic acids in urine: products from branched-chain amino acid degradation and from ketogenesis

Hydroxy- and oxomonocarboxylic acids in urine of healthy individuals and of patients with diabetic ketoacidosis are analysed as methyl esters and methyl esters/O-methyloximes, respectively, by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The derivatives are pre-fractionated by thin-layer chromatography. The acids originate mainly from ketogenesis and from the metabolism of valine, leucine and isoleucine. The amino acid metabolites fall into three groups: the 2-oxocarboxylic acids (2-oxoisovaleric acid, 2-oxoisocaproic acid and 2-oxo-3-methylvaleric acid); the 2-hydroxycarboxylic acids (2-hydroxyisovaleric acid, 2-hydroxyisocaproic acid and 2-hydroxy-3-methylvaleric acid); and the 3-hydroxycarboxylic acids (3-hydroxyisobutyric acid, 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid, 3-hydroxy-2-ethylpropionic acid, threo-3-hydroxy-2-methylbutyric acid and erythro-3-hydroxy-2-methylbutyric acid). The threo form of 3-hydroxy-2-methylbutyric acid is the major constituent within the diastereomeric pair. Of the three groups of amino acid metabolites, the 3-hydroxycarboxylic acids in particular are elevated during ketoacidosis. The characteristic general features of the mass spectrometric fragmentation of the derivatives of the identified components are systematically described. The discussion of the fragmentation includes constituents of low concentrations, such as 3-oxocaproic acid, 4-oxobutyric acid and 5-oxocaproic acid, which can be detected only when the pre-fractionation technique is applied.     

Complexation of carboxylic acids and anions by alpha and beta cyclodextrins

A pH potentiometric method is used to measure complex formation constants of aqueous alpha- and/or beta-cyclodextrin with several carboxylic acids and carboxylate anions: butyric acid/butyrate; valeric acid/valerate; hexanoic acid/hexanoate; octanoic acid/octanoate; decanoic acid/decanoate; cyclohexanecarboxylic acid/cyclohexanecarboxylate and benzoic acid/benzoate. Standard enthalpies and entropies of complex formation are calculated from the temperature dependencies of the equilibrium constants. These thermodynamic parameters of the alpha-cyclodextrin complexes largely conform to a correlation based on complexes with other substrate species previously reported. Both standard enthalpies and entropies of formation of beta-cyclodextrin complexes are found to be more positive than the corresponding complexes of alpha-cyclodextrin with the same substrates. These observations lead to insights into the bonding mechanism of cyclodextrin complexation.     

Polyaniline doped by a new class of dopants,benzoic acid and substituted benzoic acid: synthesis and characterization

This work reports on a new class of dopants, benzoic acid and substituted benzoic acids such as 2‐hydroxybenzoic acid, 2‐chlorobenzoic acid, 4‐nitrobenzoic acid, 2‐methoxybenzoic acid, 3‐methylbenzoic acid, 4‐methylbenzoic acid, 3‐aminobenzoic acid and 4‐aminobenzoic acid, for polyaniline. Benzoic acids can be used to dope polyaniline by mixing benzoic acid (or a substituted benzoic acid) with polyaniline in the common solvent 1‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone. Properties of benzoic acid doped polyaniline salts are studied using Fourier transform infra‐red, X‐ray diffraction spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and conductivity measurements. The conductivity of polyaniline‐benzoic acid salt was found to be high (10⁻² S/cm) when compared to polyaniline‐substituted benzoic acid salts (10⁻³–10⁻⁵ S/cm). Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Separation and identification of the organic acids in Angelicae Radix and Ligustici Rhizoma by HPLC and CE

Angelicae Radix (AR) and Ligustici Rhizoma (LR) are both derived from the Umbelliferae plants and contain similar organic acids as their bioactive compounds. Nine of these organic acids, including nicotinic acid, protocatechuic acid, phthalic acid, folinic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, folic acid, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, and ferulic acid were separated by HPLC and CE. Detection at 210 nm with a linear gradient containing 20 mM KH2PO4 (pH 3.5) and H2O-CH3CN in HPLC and with a buffer solution containing 10 mM LTAC, 2 mM Na2HPO4, 9 mM Na2B4O7(pH 9.56), and CH3CN in CE were found to be the most efficient eluents for this separation. The contents of the nine components in crude extracts of either AR or LR could easily be determined within 60 min by LC and within 20 min by CE. The structures of the individual peaks in the LC chromatogram were identified by LC-MS. The effects of buffers on the separation and validation of the two methods were examined.     

HPLC determination of antioxidant synergists and ascorbic acid in some fatty pharmaceuticals,cosmetics and food

Summary A specific and sensitive reverse-phase HPLC method for the quantitative determination of ascorbic acid and antioxidant synergists (1-tartaric acid, citric acid, lactic acid as lithium lactate and EDTA) in fatty pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and food has been developed. Two extraction procedures were used; treatment with hot water, and extraction with water from a hexane dilution of the product. No significant differences between the two procedures were found (p<0.05), except for ascorbic acid. Quantitative determinations were performed using a C-18 column and sulfuric acid (pH 1.95) mobile phase. With detection, at 210 nm, lactic acid overlapped with ascorbic acid, but the former could be readily identified by TLC. Ascorbic acid was detected at 254 nm, when lactic acid (as lithium lactate) did not interfere in the analysis. Mean recoveries for tartaric, citric and lactic acids were in the range 96–101%.     

Plain Thin-layer Chromatography of Some Herbicides and Related Compounds on Admixture of Barium Sulfate and Calcium Sulphate in Mixed Solvents

Abstract

Some carboxylic herbicides and plant growth regulators such as benzoic acid, 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid, cinnamic acid, 2,4-D, indole-3-acetic acid, indolepropionic acid, α-naphthalleneacetic acid, β-naphthal eneacetic acid, β-naphthoxyacetic acid, phenoxyacetic acid, TCA and 2,4,5-T have been separated on BaSO₄-CaSO₄ (1:1) coatings in mixed solvent systems.

Quantitative separations of indole-3-acetic acid (100 μg) from 50–100 μg of benzoic acid, α-naphthaleneacetic acid and 2,4,5-T have been carried out successfully.     

滇紫草及露蕊滇紫草的氨基酸和元素分析

为分析滇紫草及露蕊滇紫草中的氨基酸和元素含量，将样品用酸处理后，采用氨基酸分析仪及电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪进行了测定。结果表明，两种紫草含有18种氨基酸及14种元素。可见滇紫草及露蕊滇紫草问氨基酸和元素含量没有重大的差异。