双亲性羧甲基壳聚糖钠盐席夫碱衍生物的合成及其性能研究

旨在以天然产物为基础,设计与合成具有表面活性和抗菌等特性的多功能高分子,拓宽天然产物应用领域.首先壳聚糖与一氯乙酸取代反应获得O-羧甲基壳聚糖钠盐,然后依次与柠檬醛、对羟基苯甲醛进行席夫碱反应,最终制得O-羧甲基壳聚糖钠盐缩柠檬醛缩对羟基苯甲醛,并通过1H-NMR和元素分析对产物的结构进行表征.通过测定终产物的表面张力(γ)、临界胶束浓度(CMC)、亲水亲油平衡值(HLB)、乳化能力和抗菌能力等对其性能进行评价,结果表明:该产物具备表面活性且其水溶液能够抑制细菌增长,具有成为功能性高分子表面活性剂的潜力.     

对甲基茴香醚和茴香醛的气相色谱法分离分析

采用OV 101毛细柱对由对甲基茴香醚间接电氧化合成茴香醛的产物进行了分离分析,内标法定量,苯甲酸乙酯为内标物,反应物对甲基茴香醚和产物茴香醛均在0.5～4.0g/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检测限分别为8.1ng和12.4ng。     

茴香醛的直接电氧化合成研究

应用循环伏安和恒电位电解法研究了茴香醚在铂电极上直接电氧化行为.考查扫描速率、反应底物浓度、支持电解质和溶剂对该电氧化行为的影响.结果表明,茴香醚在铂电极上的氧化过程是不可逆的.在硫酸/丙酮溶液中,其响应峰电流最高,反应受扩散控制.经GC-MS检测,主要氧化产物为茴香醛,选择性为66.5%.     

水溶性钯配合物催化柠檬醛的选择加氢反应研究：I.反应条件的影响

研究了在水／有机物两相体系中水溶性钯－膦配合物催化柠檬酸的加氢反应。考察了反应温度、氢气压力、底物和催化剂浓度、反应时间、水相ｐＨ值等对该反应的影响，并与几种柠檬醛衍生物的加氢结果进行了比较。发现仅用蒸馏水作水相，则主要产物是二氢香茅醛（〉９３％）；而水相水加入Ｎａ２ＣＯ３后，则主要产物为香茅醛（９７％），且加氢速度比同样条件下使用Ｐｄ／Ｃ催化剂快得多。     

紫外分光光度法测定肉桂醛、苯甲醛和苯甲酸

根据肉桂醛、苯甲醛和苯甲酸的紫外吸收光谱特征及肉桂醛和苯甲醛在228 nm和256 nm波长处有两个等吸收点,提出了测定三组分的紫外分光光度法.选择228 nm,256 nm及311 nm 3个波长作为测定波长,建立了联立方程组,求得了组分浓度与吸光度之间的关系:C内桂醛=(A311 nm-0.008 4)/0.042 4;C笨甲醛=(A256 nm-0.000 5)/0.062 2-C内桂醛;C苯甲酸=(A228 nm+0.005 7)/0.061 1-C内桂醛-C苯甲醛.相应的线性范围依次在18.03,13.08,9.233 mg·L-1以内.对方法的重现性作了试验,上述3种化合物的相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于1%.用标准加入法进行回收试验,测得其平均回收率在99.1%～100.5%之间.     

柠檬醛的非均相催化氢化：二氢香茅醛的制备

对含有多个可被还原的官能团化合物的催化氢化,难以找到既有高活性又具有高度选择性的催化剂。柠檬醛分子中含有两个碳碳双键和一个醛基,随氢化条件的不同可能生成下列4种产物:     

阴离子交换树脂担载氟离子催化合成假性甲基紫罗兰酮

用阴离子交换树脂担载氟离子催化柠檬醛与丁酮的反应,合成了假性甲基紫罗兰。探讨了催化剂用量、反应物配比、反应温度和反应时间等因素对收率的影响,在柠檬醛为100mmol,n(柠檬醛)：n(丁酮)=1：10,催化剂用量为柠檬醛质量的75％,室温反应1h的最佳反应条件下,产物收率87．1％,纯度99．1％。     

水溶性钯配合物催化柠檬醛的选择加氢反应研究 Ⅰ.反应条件的影响

研究了在水／有机物两相体系中水溶性钯－膦配合物催化柠檬醛的加氢反应．考察了反应温度、氢气压力、底物和催化剂浓度、反应时间、水相ｐＨ值等对该反应的影响，并与几种柠檬醛衍生物的加氢结果进行了比较．发现仅用蒸馏水作水相，则主要产物是二氢香茅醛（＞９３％）；而水相中加入Ｎａ２ＣＯ３后，则主要产物为香茅醛（９７％），且加氢速度比同样条件下使用Ｐｄ／Ｃ催化剂快得多．     

5-三氟甲基胡椒醛的合成研究

以香草醛为起始原料,经碘代、脱甲基、亚甲基醚化、三氟甲基化反应以较高收率合成了5-三氟甲基胡椒醛,产物结构经过了1H NMR,13C NMR,19F NMR和HRMS的确证.重点研究了三氟甲基化反应,考察了不同三氟甲基化试剂、溶剂、催化剂用量、反应温度以及反应时间对三氟甲基化反应收率的影响,确定了最佳反应条件.随后,该方法成功运用于3,4位不同取代的5-碘苯甲醛的三氟甲基化反应,制得了三种5-三氟甲基胡椒醛的衍生物.     

气相色谱法测定工业用苯乙烯中的总醛

建立了工业用苯乙烯中总醛含量测定的气相色谱分析方法。采用气相色谱-质谱全扫描模式对工业用苯乙烯样品进行定性分析,确定苯乙烯中存在苯甲醛、苯乙醛及苯乙酮等3种醛酮化合物,其含量顺序为苯甲醛苯乙醛苯乙酮。采用气相色谱-氢火焰离子化检测法对3种醛酮化合物检测,并用外标法定量。苯甲醛、苯乙醛及苯乙酮分别在5.8～221.5 mg/kg、0.7～26.1 mg/kg、0.6～24.1 mg/kg浓度范围内呈良好的线性(r20.9999);加标回收率为104.3%～111.8%,相对标准偏差为0.6%～2.0%(n=5);检出限为0.061～0.078 mg/kg,总醛的检出限(以苯甲醛计)为0.2 mg/kg。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.