分光光度法测定4种芒果中的铁含量

用高氯酸-硝酸(1+4)混合酸湿法消解处理一定量芒果样品(鸡心芒、台农芒、金煌芒或黄金大芒),蒸至近干,加水定容至25mL。分取1.50mL样品溶液,加100g·L-1盐酸羟胺溶液1.00mL将铁(Ⅲ)还原至二价。基于亚铁离子与铁氰化钾之间生成蓝色化合物的反应,用分光光度法测定样品溶液中的铁含量。铁的质量浓度在0.04~10.09mg·L-1范围内与其吸光度呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.02mg·L-1。加标回收率在98.7%~100%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于0.60%。几种芒果中微量铁元素含量的多少依次为台农芒、黄金大芒、金煌芒、鸡心芒。     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定食盐中镉的含量北大核心CSCD

提出了石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定食盐中镉含量的方法。称取食盐样品0.5 g,用1%(体积分数,下同)硝酸溶液溶解并定容至50 mL,摇匀,配制成待测样品溶液。以1%硝酸溶液为溶剂,配制成含10 g·L^(-1)磷酸二氢铵和10 g·L^(-1)抗坏血酸的基体改进剂。测定时,采用自动进样器吸取1.0μL基体改进剂至20μL待测样品溶液中。优化后的石墨炉升温条件:干燥温度为120℃,灰化温度为350℃,原子化温度为700℃,净化温度为2 700℃。结果显示:镉的质量浓度在0.1~2.0μg·L^(-1)内与其对应的吸光度呈线性关系,检出限(3s/k)为0.001 mg·kg^(-1);对含不同质量分数镉的氯化钠加标溶液进行测定,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于4.0%;对不同类型的食盐样品进行加标回收试验,镉回收率为92.0%~101%。     

凝胶渗透色谱-固相萃取净化-气相色谱-串联质谱法测定茶叶中33种农药的残留量

茶叶样品以乙酸乙酯-环己烷(1+1)混合溶液为提取剂高速匀浆提取,提取液经凝胶渗透色谱净化除去大部分的色素、脂类和蜡质,再用Carb-NH_2固相萃取小柱(SPE)进一步除去样液中残余的杂质。将洗脱蒸发至近干,加丙酮1mL溶解,采用气相色谱串联质谱法在分时段选择反应监测模式下进行测定,外标法定量。33种农药的测定下限(10S/N)均小于0.01mg·kg~(-1)。当加标水平为0.01mg·kg~(-1)时,大部分农药的回收率在75%～116%之间,相对标准偏差小于10%。     

原子吸收光谱法测定胆结石中金属元素

干法灰化法处理胆结石样品,浓硝酸溶解灰化后的残渣,用原子吸收光谱法测定了溶液中铁、镁、铜、钙、钠、钾等金属元素,结果表明在选定的试验条件下,各金属元素间相互不干扰;方法的检出限均小于0.036 mg·L-1,相对标准偏差小于5.0% ,加标回收率为93.2%～109.7%.     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定铅锑合金中锑

采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法对铅锑合金中锑含量进行测定。样品经硝酸(1+1)溶液和200 g.L-1酒石酸溶液溶解,选择206.833 nm的谱线作为测定锑的分析线。锑的质量浓度在5.0~100.0 mg.L-1之间与其谱线强度呈线性关系。测定下限(10S/N)为0.179 mg.L-1。在优化的试验条件下,分析了两种铅锑合金样品,加标回收率分别为97.8%及98.6%,相对标准偏差(n=11)小于1.5%。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定牛奶中重组牛生长激素N-末端肽链

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定牛奶中重组牛生长激素N-末端肽链的方法。样品溶液以乙腈-0.05%(体积分数)甲酸(4+6)溶液作为定容溶剂。以Waters ACQUITY BEH-C18色谱柱为分离柱,以不同体积比的乙腈和0.05%甲酸溶液混合液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾正离子源多反应监测模式检测。重组牛生长激素N-末端肽链的质量浓度在0.1~2mg·L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,测定下限(10S/N)为0.02mg·kg-1。以空白牛奶样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率在85.0%~88.6%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)小于9%。     

连续流动注射法测定土壤和植物中全磷

应用AA3型连续流动分析仪测定了土壤和植物中全磷.结果表明:对于采用高氯酸-硫酸消解的土壤样品以及硫酸-过氧化氢消解的植物样品,在测定时调节反应混合液的酸度使其在显色的适宜范围内,磷的质量浓度在6 mg·L-1(土壤)和7.5 mg·L-1(植物)以内呈线性,相关系数分别为0.999 2(土壤)和0.999 6(植物);加标回收率98.5%～100.5%,相对标准偏差小于2%,检出限分别为0.010 mg·L-1(土壤)和0.013 mg·L-1(植物).     

氢化物发生-原子吸收光谱法测定柠檬酸中微量铅

柠檬酸样品经硫酸处理及在550℃灼烧灰化,残渣溶于盐酸(5+95)溶液中。用铁氰化钾将溶液中铅(Ⅱ)氧化成铅(Ⅳ),然后再以硼氢化钾为还原剂,盐酸(1+99)溶液为载流,用氢化物发生-原子吸收光谱法测定铅含量。在优化的试验条件下,铅的质量浓度在20μg·L~(-1)以内与其吸光度呈线性关系,检出限(3σ)为2.6μg·L~(-1)。用此方法分析了3个柠檬酸样品,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)小于5%,加标回收率在90.5%～110.0%之间。     

加速溶剂萃取/离子色谱法测定菊花中的SO_2残留

采用碱性溶液加速溶剂萃取(ASE)/离子色谱(IC)法测定,建立了菊花中SO2残留的分析方法。粉碎后的样品以碱性溶液为萃取溶剂,经加速溶剂萃取仪提取,C18固相萃取(SPE)净化后,以碳酸盐为淋洗液,IonPac AS9-HC离子色谱柱分离,电导检测器进行检测。结果表明,SO2(以SO2-3计)在0.5~50 mg·L-1范围内线性关系良好(r2=0.999 7),检出限(LOD)为0.05 mg·L-1,定量下限(LOQ)为0.17 mg·L-1。以空白菊花样品为基体,在低、中、高3个浓度水平下的平均加标回收率为82.9%~92.6%,RSD(n=6)小于5.0%。与传统方法相比,该方法具有自动化程度和提取效率高的优点,适合于批量测定菊花中的SO2残留。     

高效液相色谱法测定蜈蚣草中二苯砷酸

建立了高效液相色谱法测定蜈蚣草中二苯砷酸的分析方法。样品采用0.1mol·L-1磷酸氢二钠溶液振荡提取4h,高速离心,上清液以Shimadzu VP-ODS反相C18柱为分离柱,以乙腈-0.02mol·L-1磷酸二氢钾溶液(16+84)作为流动相进行洗脱,检测波长为220nm。二苯砷酸的质量浓度在0.20~2.0 mg·L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)为2.8mg·kg-1。对空白样品进行加标回收试验,加标回收率在98.5%~98.8%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)为0.97%~4.6%。方法可应用于蜈蚣草中二苯砷酸的检测。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.