超分子结构姜黄素插层镁铝水滑石的组装、结构及缓释性能

以镁铝水滑石为主体, 以中药提取物姜黄素为客体, 由共沉淀法、离子交换法和焙烧复原法三种不同方法组装得到超分子结构复合材料——姜黄素插层镁铝水滑石. 并用XRD, IR, HPLC等手段对该材料进行了表征. 结果表明, 共沉淀法和离子交换法成功组装得到两种不同结构的姜黄素插层产物, 使材料的层间距扩大为0.82～1.36 nm, 层间客体姜黄素阴离子是以平行或者单层垂直的定位方向排列于层间的. 考察了该材料在不同pH值的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中的缓释性能, 其缓释历程为客体阴离子与介质中 的离子交换过程. 该研究指出了阴离子层状材料——水滑石在中药释释剂领域的应用潜力.     

磁性纳米镁铝水滑石的合成及表征

将磁性物种与镁铝水滑石进行复合,利用共沉淀法合成出粒径为20－50nm磁性纳米镁铝水滑石。样品的XRD及热分析结果表明,镁铝水滑石掺入磁性物种后并没有改变其层状结构和2个阶段质量损失的典型特征,样品的磁学性能测试结果表明,样品的比饱和磁化强度随磁性物种含量的增加而线性递增,这为层状材料与磁性物种进行复合制备新型功能材料提供了实验依据。     

镍镁铝类水滑石的超分子结构、电子性质及稳定性

以Ni²⁺同晶取代Mg²⁺的方式构建镍镁铝类水滑石(HT)的周期性计算模型, 通过进行密度泛函理论计算,研究了含镍水滑石的的超分子结构、电子性质及稳定性. 结果表明, 随着镍离子逐渐取代镁离子, 金属离子之间的平均距离逐渐减小, 层间距逐渐增大, 与实验结果一致. 与此同时, 电子逐渐从主体层板向客体阴离子传递,导致主客体之间的静电作用力及整体超分子作用力逐渐增强, 结合能的绝对值逐渐增大, 体系的稳定性增加.在微观结构上, 电子传递行为使层板中平均金属―氧键键长逐渐减小, 且金属配位角的畸变情况得到一定程度的缓解, 这些变化都有利于形成更稳定的体系, 说明镍铝类水滑石在理论上比镁铝水滑石更稳定.     

酸性橙插层锌铝水滑石的组装及其结构与性能

采用共沉淀法合成酸性橙阴离子插层锌铝水滑石(Zn/Al-AO7 LDHs),研究不同pH值及原料金属离子配比对产物结构的影响,利用X射线粉末衍射(XRD),热分析(TG-DTA),傅里叶变换红外(FT-IR)等表征手段,对插层产物的结构进行表征,确定了制备酸性橙插层锌铝水滑石的最适宜条件.用量子化学的B3PW91/6-31G(d,p)方法对Zn/Al-AO7 LDHs模型分子的空间几何构型进行了优化,通过结构组合得到的层间距为2.33 nm,接近XRD测试得到的层间距,从而说明了酸性橙离子在水滑石层板间的排列方式.进一步以甲酰胺为溶剂对水滑石层板进行剥离,得到澄清溶液,根据剥离产物的XRD谱可以确定剥离实验成功.     

超分子结构草甘膦插层水滑石的组装及结构研究

提出了一种新的绿色农药缓释剂模型——超分子结构草甘膦缓释剂.依据插层组装理论,以阴离子层状材料镁铝水滑石(MgAl-LDH)为插层主体,以除草剂草甘膦为插层客体,由共沉淀法一步组装得到超分子结构草甘膦插层镁铝水滑石(MgAl-LDH-gly).通过对MgAl-LDH-gly的结构、主客体相互作用及化学组成确认,建立了MgAl-LDH-gly的近似超分子结构模型,并对其缓慢释放草甘膦的可行性进行了分析.     

超分子结构水杨酸根插层水滑石的组装及结构与性能研究

以锌铝水滑石ZnAl-CO3 LDHs为前体（主体），以乙二醇为分散介质，用离子 交换法组装了水杨酸根（客体）插层水滑石ZnAl-[o-HO(C6H4)COO]LDHs，并用XRD ，FT-IR，TG-DTA等手段对样品进行了表征。结果表明，能过控制离子交换条件， 水杨酸根阴离子可取代锌铝水滑石前体层间的CO3^2-离子，组装得到晶体结构良好 的水杨酸根插层水滑石。通过研究发现，主体水滑石层板与客体以静电力和氢键相 互作用，得到的超分子结构材料紫外阻隔作用增强并具有较好的稳定性，从而成为 一种集屏蔽和吸收双重功能的新型无机-有机得合紫外阻隔材料。     

镁铝型水滑石水热合成

水滑石是一类具有特殊结构的层状无机材料 .具有可调变的组成及独特的结构和性能 ,在离子交换、吸附分离、催化、医药等领域得到广泛应用 [1～ 4 ] .特别是水滑石类材料所具有的选择性、红外吸收性和离子交换性等一些特殊性能 ,使其作为新型无机功能材料已应用于 PE农膜 (保温剂 )和 PVC(无毒热稳定剂 )等高分子材料中 ,显示了独特的性能[5] .作为无机功能材料 ,水滑石在复合材料中的应用必然涉及其粒子尺寸和分布 ,因此对水滑石晶化规律的研究非常重要 .水滑石成熟的合成方法是共沉淀法[6] ,如单滴法、双滴法 .由于沉淀粒子是渐次产生 ,…     

一种新型的纳米功能材料:磁性纳米镁铝水滑石

本文将磁性基质与镁铝水滑石进行组装首次合成出一种新型的纳米磁性功能材料—磁性纳米镁铝水滑石。这种新型纳米功能材料的XRD及TA结果表明,镁铝水滑石赋予磁性后并没有改变其层状结构的典型特征。样品的TEM图表明,磁性基质的加入后样品的颗粒粒径并没有明显增大,且保持在20～50nm之间。对磁性镁铝水滑石磁性能的考察结果表明,样品的比饱和磁化强度随磁性基质含量的增加而线性增加。     

层板剥离水滑石的制备及影响因素

采用阴离子表面活性剂N-月桂酰基谷氨酸(LG)为插层分子，研究了烷烃-LG-水(O/W)微乳液中烷烃量的变化对插层水滑石层间距的影响，同时研究了烷烃分子大小和水滑石层板阳离子不同对水滑石剥离难易程度的影响。实验表明，随着微乳液中烷烃含量的增加，制备得到了由插层到层板剥离的水滑石，并且烷烃的链长越长，水滑石的剥离越容易实现。层板化学组成对剥离难易程度也有影响，难易程度依次是Mg/Al-LDH，Zn/Al-LDH和Ni/Al-LDH。     

钴铝和锌铝水滑石的合成

采用低过饱和共沉淀法合成了一系列锌铝和钴铝水滑石,其结构经IR和XRD表征。研究结果表明,两类水滑石晶体结构相似;钴铝水滑石的稳定性高于锌铝水滑石。     

Acrylate intercalation and in situ polymerization in iron-, cobalt-, or manganese-substituted nickel hydroxides

A chimie douce route based on successive redox and exchange reactions has allowed us to prepare new hybrid organic-inorganic materials, composed of polyacrylate macromolecules intercalated into layered double hydroxides (LDHs), deriving from Ni(OH)(2). Monomer intercalation and in situ polymerization mechanisms have appeared to be strongly dependent upon the nature of the substituting cation in the slabs. In the case of iron-based LDHs, a phase containing acrylate monomeric intercalates has been isolated and identified by X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. Second, interslab free-radical polymerization of acrylate anions has been successfully initiated using potassium persulfate. In cobalt- or manganese-based LDHs, one-step polymerization has been observed, leading directly to a material containing polyacrylate intercalate.     

Stable UV absorption material synthesized by intercalation of squaric acid anion into layered double hydroxides

A novel UV absorption material of squaric acid (SA) anion (O₄O₄^2?) intercalated layered double hydroxides (LDHs) was successfully synthesized by the co-precipitation method. After intercalation, the interlayer distance of MgAl-SA-LDHs increased to 1.04 nm compared to those of MgAl-CO₃-LDHs and SA anions present in form of a monolayer in the interlayer of LDHs. Thermal stability of SA clearly enhanced by the intercalation and the suppression of the deintercalation ability of MgAl-SA-LDHs was superior to that of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid intercalated LDHs. The results of UV-DRS indicate the potential application of MgAl-SA-LDHs as UV absorbers.     

表面预处理对镁铝水滑石结构性质和缓释性能影响

以Mg-Al-NO₃水滑石（LDHs）为载体,将5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）通过离子交换法插入其层间,得5-FU/LDHs缓释材料。并对水滑石表面进行弱酸预处理改性,利用XRD、FTIR、TG-DSC、SEM和零电荷点（pHPZC）等表征手段,考察酸预处理对水滑石表面化学性质及微观结构的影响。结果表明,5-FU/LDHs的层间距从0.858nm扩大到1.064nm,层间5-FU₂阴离子与主体层板通过氢键与静电作用,以呈一定角度单层交替排列于层间。酸预处理的水滑石粒径变小,层板正电荷密度增大。5-FU的释放机理是物理扩散、离子交换和药物溶解等协同作用,酸预处理可提高水滑石的缓释性能和稳定性。     

表面预处理对镁铝水滑石结构性质和缓释性能影响

以Mg-Al-NO3水滑石(LDHs)为载体,将5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)通过离子交换法插入其层间,得5-FU/LDHs缓释材料。并对水滑石表面进行弱酸预处理改性,利用XRD、FTIR、TG-DSC、SEM和零电荷点(pHPZC)等表征手段,考察酸预处理对水滑石表面化学性质及微观结构的影响。结果表明,5-FU/LDHs的层间距从0.858 nm扩大到1.064 nm,层间5-FU2阴离子与主体层板通过氢键与静电作用,以呈一定角度单层交替排列于层间。酸预处理的水滑石粒径变小,层板正电荷密度增大。5-FU的释放机理是物理扩散、离子交换和药物溶解等协同作用,酸预处理可提高水滑石的缓释性能和稳定性。     

LDHs薄膜基纳米荧光传感器的制备及其研究进展

层状复合氢氧化物(LDHs)是一种层板金属元素和层间离子可调的无机层状材料,利用其独特的插层组装特性,基于静电、氢键、范德华力等相互作用力,功能性荧光客体分子可与LDHs纳米片复合构筑多功能荧光薄膜材料.LDHs薄膜基荧光材料用于荧光传感器,在有机挥发性气体(VOCs)、温度、压力、重要生物分子等的检测中显示了良好性能.本文总结了LDHs复合薄膜的制备方法以及近年来其在纳米荧光传感领域的进展,并对其未来发展做出了展望.     

Sorption of Anionic Surfactants on Layered Double Hydroxides

In the present study we investigated the adsorption of sodium dodecyl- and octylsulfate, and sodium dodecyl- and octylbenzenesulfonate, on a layered double hydroxide (LDH) under controlled conditions. The results were compared to those obtained for the adsorption of surfactants on mineral oxides and on LDHs, showing that the behavior of surfactant adsorption on LDHs can be approximately explained by the models proposed for surfactant adsorption on mineral oxides. The electrokinetic potential of the surfactant-adsorbed LDH particles in suspension was measured in order to monitor the variation of this potential as a function of the adsorption. The results showed a characteristic behavior of the surfactant-adsorbed LDH that can be correlated to a rearrangement of the adsorbed layer at concentrations above the CMC. Surfactant sorption was also studied, using SDS and the calcined LDH, showing the regeneration of the calcined material by intercalating the DS anions. Two processes can occur during the removal of surfactants from aqueous solutions by LDHs, depending on the starting material: (i) adsorption itself, when a noncalcined LDH intercalated with a nonexchangeable anion, such as carbonate, is used; and (ii) adsorption and intercalation, which occurs when a calcined LDH, like Mg-Al-CO(3), is used. The potential application of this material for surfactant removal is one of the reasons for the need for a better understanding of the mechanisms involved. As we demonstrate here, LDHs are very efficient in removing surfactants from aqueous solutions. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.     

Synthesis and UV absorption properties of 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene-6-sulfonate anion-intercalated Zn-Al layered double hydroxides

An organic UV absorbent has been intercalated into a layered double hydroxide (LDH) host by ion exchange of a Zn-Al-LDH-nitrate precursor with a solution of 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene-6-sulfonic acid (DNSA) sodium salt in water. After intercalation of the UV absorbent, the powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern shows that the interlayer distance in the LDHs increases from 0.90 to 1.59 nm. The possible structure is that the interlayer DNSA anions arrange in a monolayer and in a perpendicular orientation toward the hydroxide layers. Infrared spectra and TG-DTA curves reveal the presence of a complex system of supramolecular host-guest interactions between layers. The thermal stability of the intercalated UV absorbent was investigated by TG-DTA and it was found that this material is more stable than the original organic UV absorbent at high temperature, showing that the thermostability is markedly enhanced after intercalation into the LDH host. The UV absorbent-intercalated LDHs exhibit excellent UV photostability in polypropylene composites.     

Role of host layer flexibility in DNA guest intercalation revealed by computer simulation of layered nanomaterials

Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have been shown to form staged intermediate structures in experimental studies of intercalation. However, the mechanism by which staged structures are produced remains undetermined. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we show that LDHs are flexible enough to deform around bulky intercalants such as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). The flexibility of layered materials has previously been shown to affect the pathway by which staging occurs. We explore three possible intermediate structures which may form during intercalation of DNA into Mg2Al LDHs and study how the models differ energetically. When DNA strands are stacked directly on top of each other, the LDH system has a higher potential energy than when they are stacked in a staggered or interstratified structure. It is generally thought that staged intercalation occurs through a Daumas-Herold or a Rudorff model. We find, on average, greater diffusion coefficients for DNA strands in a Daumas-Herold configuration compared to a Rudorff model and a stage-1 structure. Our simulations provide evidence for the presence of peristaltic modes of motion within Daumas-Herold configurations. This is confirmed by spectral analysis of the thickness variation of the basal spacing. Peristaltic modes are more prominent in the Daumas-Herold structure compared to the Rudorff and stage-1 structures and support a mechanism by means of which bulky intercalated molecules such as DNA rapidly diffuse within an LDH interlayer.     

Influences of Synthesis Conditions on the Formation of Methotrexate Intercalated Layered Double Hydroxides by Exfoliation-reassembly Route

The intercalation of methotrexate(MTX) into layered double hydroxides(LDHs) via an exfoliation-reassembly process was performed and the resulting hybrids were then characterized by X-ray difEractiometry( XRD), Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetry(TG) and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC), etc. In the synthesis procedure, LDHs particles were firstly delaminated, and the reassembly process was performed to get MTX intercalated LDH(MTX/LDHs) hybrids. Tlie reassembly conditions, such as reassembly time and diflerent reassembly solvent, were studied emphatically. It was fbimd that 20 min is the optimum time and formamide is the most suitable solvent in the reassembly process. At last, the controlled release property and the drug-loading capacity were examined emphatically to reveal that MTX/LDHs hybrids reassembled in fomiamide exhibit the highest drug-loading capacity. The cytotoxicity of the hybrids was estimated by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-/7-tetrazolium bromide, thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide(MTT) assays on the human lung cancer cells(A549), with the results showing that MTX/LDHs hybrids have effective suppress role on the proliferation of cancer cells, and tlie hybrids obtained from the formamide solution present much better anticancer efleet than the other samples.     

二氟尼柳/水滑石插层组装结构、氢键及水合特性的分子动力学模拟

采用分子动力学方法模拟二氟尼柳插层水滑石(DIF/LDHs)的超分子结构, 研究复合材料主客体间形成的氢键以及水合膨胀特性.结果表明, 当水分子总数与DIF分子总数之比Nw≤3时, 层间距dc保持基本恒定, 约1.80 nm; 当Nw≥4时, 层间距逐渐增大, 且符合dc=1.2611Nw+13.63线性方程. 随着水分子个数增加, 水合能驻UH逐渐增大. 当Nw≤16时, 由于⊿UH<-41.84 kJ·mol-1, LDHs-DIF可以持续吸收水, 从而使材料层间距不断膨胀. 但当Nw≥24时, ⊿UH>-41.84 kJ·mol-1, 此时LDHs-DIF层间不能再进一步水合, 因此LDHs-DIF在水环境中膨胀具有一定的限度. 水滑石层间存在复杂的氢键网络. DIF/LDHs水合过程中, 水分子首先同步与层板和阴离子构成氢键; 当阴离子趋于饱和后, 水分子继续与层板形成氢键, 并逐步发生L-W型氢键取代L-A型氢键, 驱使阴离子向层间中央移动, 与层板发生隔离; 最后水分子在水滑石羟基表面形成有序结构化水层.