功率型LED封装用高分子材料的研究进展

随着发光二极管(LED)亮度和功率的不断提高,封装材料已成为制约LED进入照明领域的关键技术之一。对于功率型LED封装材料,要求具有高折射率、高透光率、高导热率、耐紫外、耐热老化、低应力、低吸水率等性能特点。目前LED封装用两大主要高分子材料是环氧树脂和有机硅复合材料。对这两种材料的改性主要集中在折射率、耐老化性、导热性、吸水性和力学性能等方面。脂环族环氧树脂及纳米有机硅复合材料作为高功率LED封装材料具有广阔的发展前景。     

高折射率聚合物-无机纳米光学杂化材料的设计与制备及其应用

传统的高折射率聚合物光学材料,可以通过向聚合物中引入一些芳香环,含硫基团以及除氟以外的其他卤素原子来提高聚合物光学材料的折射率,但是就目前的研究现状来看,这类纯聚合物光学材料的折射率一般都低于1.8.而将具有高折射率的无机纳米粒子引入到聚合物中,所制备的聚合物-无机纳米光学材料的折射率能够达到1.8以上.而且这类高折射率聚合物-无机纳米光学杂化材料同时具有高分子光学材料和无机材料的双重优点,具有广泛的应用前景.鉴于当前高折射率聚合物-无机纳米光学杂化材料发展之迅速和其研究与开发的重要性,并结合目前国内外的研究现状,本文就高折射率聚合物-无机纳米光学杂化材料的设计、制备方法及其相关应用做一个比较系统的介绍,同时对这类材料在未来研究中所应注意的问题也提出了相应的看法.     

高折射率聚酰亚胺研究进展

聚酰亚胺作为一种高性能的功能材料在各个领域应用广泛,但较低的折射率限制了其在光学领域的应用。为了有效提高聚酰亚胺的折射率,许多学者研究了多种方法。本文介绍了国内外的研究团队制备高折射率聚酰亚胺的最新研究进展,总结了提高聚酰亚胺折射率的方法主要分为以下几种:在聚酰亚胺的主链引入硫原子;掺杂无机粒子进行杂化改性;开创新的合成工艺,通过详细论述上述几种方法的合成路线以及所得产物的性能,指出了合成高折射率聚酰亚胺的总趋势。     

基于有机硅组分交联稳定纳米胶束的研究进展

综述了基于有机硅组分交联稳定纳米胶束的研究进展,对制备方法和交联区域的选择以及应用领域的研究进行了较为详细的阐述.指出将有机硅引入双亲性高分子链中,利用有机硅部分的溶胶-凝胶转变对双亲高分子胶束的具体区域进行交联,能够使其胶束结构固定下来并形成杂化材料,在提高高分子胶束稳定性的同时又赋予其无机材料的刚性、低生理毒性、便于纯化等优点,为双亲性高分子的制备以及药物的运载、控制释放等带来极大的帮助.     

一类高折射率光固化有机硅树脂的性能研究

光固化有机硅材料兼具光固化的高效、能耗低和环保以及有机硅树脂优异的耐温、耐候性和电绝缘性能,因此,在LED等电子器件封装方面受到广泛关注.本文研究了自制的3种含丙烯酸酯基团的光固化苯基有机硅预聚物KDS-10、KMDS-03和KMS-03的光固化特性、光学性能和热稳定性能.结果表明,这些有机硅预聚物的折光指数随苯环含量的增加而增高,苯环含量从22.3%到37.7%,折光指数相应从1.496到1.542;3种预聚物与多种丙烯酸酯相容性好,用双官能的TPGDA作稀释剂,固化反应速率最快,丙烯酸酯基团的转化率也最高;光引发剂TPO引发的光固化反应速率和转化率均最高;高折射率有机硅预聚物KDS-10光固化后的薄膜具有优异的光学性能,在550 nm处的透过率为92.54%;玻璃化转变温度约为-17.41℃,起始分解温度为385℃.     

黄光类水滑石的制备、表面改性及应用

采用共沉淀法合成了荧光类水滑石材料,该材料在470 nm蓝光激发下可发出黄色荧光(557 nm),采用硅烷偶联剂对其进行表面改性,探讨了表面改性对黄光类水滑石的发光性能、结构及热稳定性的影响。将改性黄光类水滑石与GaN基蓝光芯片封装后制得了白光LED。研究结果表明,改性的黄光类水滑石是制作白光LED可供选用的黄色发光材料。本文成功地将低温一步法制备得到的金属有机配合物/无机纳米杂化材料应用于LED,拓展了LED用荧光粉的选用范围。     

黄光类水滑石的制备、表面改性及应用

采用共沉淀法合成了荧光类水滑石材料,该材料在470 nm蓝光激发下可发出黄色荧光(557 nm),采用硅烷偶联剂对其进行表面改性,探讨了表面改性对黄光类水滑石的发光性能、结构及热稳定性的影响。将改性黄光类水滑石与GaN基蓝光芯片封装后制得了白光LED。研究结果表明,改性的黄光类水滑石是制作白光LED可供选用的黄色发光材料。本文成功地将低温一步法制备得到的金属有机配合物/无机纳米杂化材料应用于LED,拓展了LED用荧光粉的选用范围。     

白光LED用氮(氧)化合物荧光粉

本文综合评述了近年来氮(氧)化合物荧光粉的制备方法、发光性质、机理及其在白光LED中的应用情况。这类荧光粉因其结构的多样性和电子云扩大效应的影响,一般在紫外-蓝光区具有高的吸收效率,并且随着基质和激活离子的改变,发射光谱可覆盖整个可见光区域,因此它们适用于荧光粉转换型白光LED。利用氮(氧)化合物封装的白光LED具有高的发光效率、色坐标稳定性、显色指数和可调节的色温,进一步显示它们将是一类在白光LED上非常适用的材料。最后本文指出了氮(氧)化合物荧光粉研究中尚未解决的问题。     

高分子基金属复合材料的前沿应用

高分子基金属复合材料作为一种具有独特物理属性的功能材料,兼具金属的高导电导热性以及加工便利性。近年来,高分子基金属复合材料成为科技前沿热点。复合材料不仅在芯片堆叠、集成电路和系统集成等高精度封装中实现技术突破,而且为医疗传感装置、柔性显示屏和软体机器人的开发提供了新思路。本文系统介绍了高分子基金属复合材料,从工作性能、应用概况及市场分析等方面总结其在电子封装、柔性显示、医疗传感和电磁屏蔽领域的的研究现状。     

有机硅改性环氧树脂的新进展

热固性环氧树脂材料具有良好的物理、化学等诸多优异性能,对于金属和非金属材料的表面都具有优异的粘接强度,可用于浇注、浸渍、层压、粘接剂、涂料等,用途十分广泛。由于环氧树脂材料存在脆性大,抗冲击性差、耐热性差等缺点,科研工作者对环氧树脂进行了大量的改性研究并取得了丰硕的成果。有机硅化合物改性环氧树脂在提高其热氧稳定性、韧性以及耐烧蚀性能等方面具有独特的优势,近年来,研究人员利用功能性有机硅化合物或聚合物在环氧树脂进行改性方面,开展了反应共聚改性、作为交联剂固化改性、与环氧树脂共混/交联改性、增容改性、互穿聚合物网络(IPN)、引入阻燃剂结构改性以及微纳米复合改性等方面的研究,取得了很多新的成果。本文旨在总结上述各种有机硅改性环氧树脂研究的新进展,并预测了有机硅改性环氧树脂材料的潜在应用和发展方向。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.