盐酸洛美沙星与牛血清白蛋白的作用及共存离子影响的研究

应用荧光光谱法、吸光光度法研究了生理条件下盐酸洛美沙星(LOM)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)相互作用机理。研究表明:盐酸洛美沙星对BSA内源荧光的猝灭机制属于形成复合物所引起的静态猝灭,猝灭速率常数Kq为1.87×1012L.mol-1.s-1,结合常数为1.73×104,结合位点数为0.993。根据F rster非辐射能量转移理论,计算出盐酸洛美沙星与BSA结合时授体-受体间的结合距离(R=2.38 nm)和能量转移效率(E=0.177)。此外,讨论了共存Cu2 、Fe3 、Zn2 对盐酸洛美沙星与BSA结合反应的影响。     

大环内酯类抗生素与牛血清白蛋白反应产物的荧光光谱特性

用荧光光谱法、紫外-可见分光光度法研究了水溶液中罗红霉素、阿奇霉素与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互结合反应,表明两者以摩尔比1:1结合,结合常数分别为K=3.6×104L·mol-1,K=7.2×104L·mol-1.根据Forster无辐射能量转移理论,求算了牛血清白蛋白与罗红霉素、阿奇霉素给体-受体间作用距离分别为0.49,1.58 nm,能量转移效率E分别为0.738,0.779.罗红霉素或阿奇霉素对牛血清白蛋白荧光猝灭为由于两者之间的结合反应而引起的静态猝灭过程.     

核黄素与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的荧光光谱研究

采用荧光猝灭光谱、同步荧光光谱研究了核黄素与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)相互作用的光谱行为。结果发现,在温度为293 K和310 K时核黄素与BSA的结合常数(Kb)分别为4.879×105L.mol-1和1.880×105L.mol-1,结合热力学方程计算得到了对应温度下的热力学参数。结果表明核黄素对BSA有较强的荧光猝灭作用,其荧光猝灭过程属于动态猝灭机制,二者主要靠疏水作用力结合。采用同步荧光光谱探讨了核黄素对BSA构象的影响。     

盐酸异丙肾上腺素与牛血清蛋白相互作用的光谱研究

本研究采用紫外和荧光光谱分析法研究了生理pH条件下盐酸异丙肾上腺素(HAI)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)在不同温度(25℃和37℃)下的相互作用。实验结果表明,HAI使BSA紫外吸收峰增强,并使BSA的特征荧光峰猝灭,表明HAI与BSA形成结合物。HAI对BSA荧光猝灭机制为静态猝灭,属于单位点结合。25℃时两者之间的结合常数为7.41×103L·mol-1,ΔG为-22.10 kJ·mol-1,ΔH为25.86 kJ·mol-1,ΔS为940 J·mol-1。37℃时的结合常数为4.26×105L·mol-1,ΔH和ΔS与25℃时相同,ΔG为-33.41 kJ·mol-1。以上热力学参数表明HAI与BSA之间的结合属自发过程,两者之间的作用力以疏水作用为主。根据Fster非辐射能量转移理论计算出HAI与BSA间的结合距离为2.503nm。     

罗丹明B与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用研究

在模拟动物体生理条件和不同温度下,用荧光光谱和紫外-可见吸收光谱法研究了罗丹明B(RHB)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)结合反应的光谱行为.试验发现,RHB对BsA有较强的荧光猝灭作用.用Stern-Volmer和Lineweaver-Burk方程分别处理试验数据,发现BSA与RHB发生反应生成了新的复合物,属于静态荧光猝灭.求出了反应时复合物的形成常数KLB(6.080×104L·mol-1)、热力学参数(△Hθ=-5.997 kJ·mol-1,△Sθ=72.01 J·k-1,△Gθ=-28.09kJ·mol-1)和结合位点数(1.025)等,证明二者主要靠静电作用力结合.同时用同步荧光光谱及三维荧光光谱法探讨了RHB对BSA构象的影响,表明RHB使色氨酸残基所处微环境的极性减弱、疏水作用增强.为阐明RHB的染色机理、毒理效应和生物学效应提供了重要信息.     

高圣草素-7-O-β-D-芹糖基(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷与血清白蛋白相互作用研究

在模拟人体生理条件下,应用紫外吸收光谱、荧光光谱和同步荧光光谱法研究高圣草素-7-O-β-D-芹糖基(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(HAG)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)及人血清白蛋白(HSA)的结合作用。结果表明:HAG对BSA和HSA的内源荧光均有显著的猝灭作用,且猝灭机理主要为静态猝灭。HAG与BSA和HSA的结合常数K分别为3.03×104L.mol-1和6.22×104L.mol-1,结合位点数n分别为0.858和0.911,结合距离r分别为2.88 nm和3.09 nm,其作用力以氢键和范德华力为主。利用同步荧光技术考察了HAG对BSA和HSA构象的影响。     

光谱法研究雷尼替丁与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

运用荧光光谱和紫外-可见吸收光谱研究了雷尼替丁(Ran)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)之间的相互作用.实验结果表明,Ran对BSA的内源荧光有较强的猝灭作用,猝灭机制为静态猝灭.测定了二者在不同温度下的表观结合常数KA,KA分别为5.64×105 L·mol-1(12℃)、5.38×105 L·mol-1(25℃)和5.15×105 L·mol-1(37℃),Ran与BSA以摩尔比1∶ 1结合.根据Frster非辐射能量转移理论,求出了37℃时给体(Ran)和受体(BSA)之间能量转移效率和结合距离分别为E=0.20和r=2.51nm.计算出的热力学参数表明,Ran和BSA之间的作用力主要是氢键和范德华力.利用同步荧光技术,研究了Ran对BSA构象的影响.     

四种黄酮类化合物与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的光谱分析

在人体生理pH条件下,利用紫外吸收光谱和荧光光谱研究了槲皮素(QUE)、大豆甙元(DAI)、4′,7-二甲氧基-3′-异黄酮磺酸钠(DISS)和3′-大豆甙元磺酸钠(DSS)四种黄酮类化合物与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用,结合反应机理对其进行了初步探讨;并计算了结合位点数和结合常数.紫外吸收光谱分析结果表明,在pH=7.4条件下,黄酮类化合物中疏水性的苯环与BSA疏水腔中的氨基酸残基发生作用,从而导致药物分子的吸收峰红移,用Scatchard拟合法可求得DAI及DSS与BSA的结合常数.荧光光谱分析结果表明,BSA对DAI、DISS和DSS均有明显的敏化增强效应,计算得到的增强速率常数分别为1.39×1011,7.72×1011和1.93×1012L·s-1·mol-1,并可求得结合位点数和结合常数.     

α-硫辛酸与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

利用荧光光谱和紫外-可见吸收光谱研究了在缓冲溶液中不同温度下α-硫辛酸(ALA)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用。结果表明,ALA对BSA的内源荧光猝灭为静态猝灭过程,猝灭常数KSV分别为4.65×103L/mol(26℃)和4.46×103L/mol(37℃)。依据Frster非辐射能量转移机制,得到给体(BSA)-受体(ALA)间的结合距离r=2.90 nm,能量转移效率E=5%。测定了该反应在不同温度下的结合常数KA=4.31×103L/mol(26℃),4.27×103L/mol(37℃),以摩尔比1∶1结合。根据不同温度下的结合常数确定了相互作用过程的热力学参数,并根据热力学参数确定了ALA与BSA之间作用力主要是静电作用。     

溴百里酚蓝与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用研究

在模拟动物体生理条件和不同温度下,用荧光光谱和紫外-可见吸收光谱法研究了溴百里酚蓝(BTB)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)结合反应的光谱行为。用Stern-Volmer和Lineweaver-Burk方程分别处理试验数据,发现BSA与BTB发生反应生成了新的复合物,属于静态荧光猝灭。求出了反应时复合物的形成常数KLB(2.792×105L.mol-1)、热力学参数(ΔHθ=(20.24 kJ.mol-1,ΔSθ=37.22J.K-1,ΔGθ=(31.25kJ.mol-1)与结合位点数(1.1578)。根据F rster偶极-偶极非辐射能量转移理论计算出结合位置距离212位色氨酸残基2.60nm,证明二者主要靠静电作用力结合。同时用同步荧光光谱和三维荧光光谱法探讨了BTB对BSA构象的影响,表明BTB使色氨酸残基所处微环境的极性减弱、疏水作用增强,为阐明BTB的染色机理、毒理效应和生物学效应提供重要信息。     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.     

Synthesis of N-substituted carbazolones from α-iodo enaminones via Pd(0)-catalyzed intramolecular coupling under microwave irradiation

A variety of N-aryl and N-alkyl carbazolones were conveniently achieved in good to high yields via Pd₂(dba)₃-mediated intramolecular coupling of N-substituted α-iodo enaminones under microwave irradiation. The Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization was found to proceed favorably with the more electron-deficient phenyl ring during the reactions involving unsymmetrical N,N-diaryl α-iodo enaminones. This unique property enables the construction of carbazolone skeleton containing nitro substituted benzenoid ring.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Synthesis of substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles by intramolecular nitrilimine cycloaddition

Both substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles have been synthesized by the 3+2 intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition of nitrilimines to alkynes. This cyclization has been extended to more versatile 3-bromo derivatives by the use of alkynylbromides as dipolarophiles.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.