L-色氨酸分子印迹壳聚糖膜的制备及透过选择性

以L-色氨酸为印迹分子,选取富含羟基和氨基的多功能团聚合物壳聚糖（CS）为基本成膜材料,通过相转化法结合碱液处理与硫酸交联两种后处理方式制备了L-色氨酸分子印迹CS膜（MIM）,采用红外光谱（FT-IR）对膜的组成和结构进行表征,通过渗透实验考察了分子印迹壳聚糖膜对L-色氨酸的分子识别性能,考察了碱液处理与硫酸交联两种后处理方式对膜的溶胀性以及MIM内物质传递的影响．     

分子模拟辅助设计L-苯丙氨酸分子印迹聚合物及其性能研究

对L-苯丙氨酸(L-Phe)为模板分子、分别以氯化1-羧甲基-3-乙烯基咪唑离子液体([VIM]Cl)、甲基丙烯酸(MAA)和4-乙烯基吡啶(4-VP)为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EGDMA)为交联剂的分子印迹组装体系进行分子模拟分析、荧光光谱分析,预测较优功能单体,辅助设计了L-苯丙氨酸分子印迹聚合物(L-MIPs);其次,通过实验系统研究了功能单体种类对L-MIPs的吸附性能和印迹因子的影响,并比较了分别以[VIM]Cl、MAA和4-VP为功能单体制备的L-苯丙氨酸印迹聚合物的吸附行为,运用多种表征方法对L-MIPs形貌、表面元素组成、热稳定性进行了研究。结果表明以[VIM]Cl为最优功能单体,且制备的聚合物在300 °C内具有较好的热稳定性,在浓度为1.0 mg.mL_-1,饱和吸附量可达33 mg.g_-1,印迹因子可达3.86。相对于结构类似物D-Phe、L-His或L-Trp,识别因子β分别达到1.24,1.41和1.30。因此,采用计算机模拟的方法对于分子印迹体系的中功能单体的筛选及分子印迹聚合物性能的预测有重要的意义。     

分子模拟辅助设计L-苯丙氨酸分子印迹聚合物及其性能研究

对L-苯丙氨酸(L-Phe)为模板分子、分别以氯化1-羧甲基-3-乙烯基咪唑鎓([VIM]Cl)、甲基丙烯酸(MAA)和4-乙烯基吡啶(4-VP)为功能单体,二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯(EGDMA)为交联剂的分子印迹组装体系进行分子模拟分析、荧光光谱分析,预测较优功能单体,辅助设计了L-苯丙氨酸分子印迹聚合物(L-MIPs);其次,通过实验系统研究了功能单体种类对L-MIPs的吸附性能和印迹因子的影响,并比较了分别以[VIM]Cl、MAA和4-VP为功能单体制备的L-MIPs的吸附行为,运用多种表征方法对L-MIPs形貌、表面元素组成、热稳定性进行了研究。结果表明,以[VIM]Cl为最优功能单体,且制备的聚合物在300℃内具有较好的热稳定性,在浓度为1. 0mg/m L时,饱和吸附量可达33mg/g,印迹因子可达3. 86。相对于结构类似物D-Phe、L-His或L-Trp,识别因子β分别达到1. 24,1. 41和1. 30。因此,采用计算机模拟的方法对于分子印迹体系的功能单体的筛选及MIPs性能的预测有重要的意义。     

L-色氨酸分子印迹光子晶体水凝胶膜的制备及性能

采用胶体晶体模板法,借助"三明治"结构制备了可与基底剥离的分子印迹光子晶体水凝胶膜(MIPHs).该MIPHs以L-色氨酸(L-Trp)为模板分子,丙烯酰胺(AM)为功能单体,N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(BIS)为交联剂,在紫外光下引发聚合.扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征结果表明,MIPHs具有相互贯通的三维有序大孔结构.制得的MIPHs在L-Trp的缓冲溶液中可快速响应,当L-Trp的浓度从10~(-10)mol/L增大到10~(-5)mol/L时,MIPHs的Bragg衍射峰位移83 nm,并伴有明显的颜色变化.此外,MIPHs在L-Trp结构类似物L-酪氨酸(L-Tyr)和L-苯丙氨酸(L-Phe)的缓冲溶液中Bragg衍射峰位移较小,表明制得的MIPHs具有良好的选择性.     

石英晶体微天平用于预测非对映体盐结晶分离手性扁桃酸的分离效率

研究了以石英晶体微天平(QCM)手性识别结果预测手性选择剂对外消旋物的手性识别能力的新方法。经过两步组装方式将手性选择剂L-苯丙氨酸(L-Phe)组装到QCM电极表面。通过检测电极共振频率、接触角和X射线光电子能谱的变化对组装结果进行了表征。应用蒸气扩散分子组装(VDMA)方式检测L-Phe修饰QCM电极对L-扁桃酸(MA)的手性识别能力,其手性识别选择性系数约为8。随后用L-Phe作为拆分剂试验了非对映体盐结晶法拆分手性扁桃酸,并优化了手性拆分条件。结果显示,以L-Phe作为拆分剂进行非对映体盐结晶法拆分手性扁桃酸的结果与QCM手性识别结果高度吻合,表明QCM手性识别可用作辅助筛选和预测非对映体盐结晶手性拆分法的手性拆分剂。     

L-肉碱分子表面印迹聚合物的制备及其识别性能研究

以L-肉碱(L-carnitine)作为印迹模板分子,甲基丙烯酸(MAA)为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EGDMA)为交联剂,采用硅胶表面分子印迹技术合成了L-肉碱分子印迹聚合物(MIP)和非印迹聚合物(NMIP).通过紫外光谱研究了MAA与L-肉碱之间的结合作用.利用IR和SEM测试分别对产物进行了结构表征和表面形貌观察,说明分子印迹聚合物成功接枝到了硅胶表面.吸附动力学实验结果表明,MIP对L-肉碱有较好的识别性和吸附性;Scatchard分析表明该印迹聚合物中存在着一类等价的结合位点,最大表观结合量为71.00μmol/g,离解常数Kd=2.76×10-4mol/L;选择性吸附实验结果表明,MIP对L-肉碱的吸附结合量高于其D型异构体和其他类似物;拆分实验结果表明,MIP对DL-肉碱的拆分有一定作用.     

手性拆分l-脯氨酸分子印迹聚合物的制备及其性能

以壳聚糖(CTS)为功能基体,以L-脯氨酸(L-Pro)为模板分子,采用分子印迹技术,在水溶液中合成了在空间结构和结合位点上与L-脯氨酸匹配的分子印迹聚合物(L-Pro-M IPs)。利用红外、扫描电镜和热失重分析,对相关化合物进行了表征,并对合成机理进行初步探索;通过对pH值、反应时间、交联剂用量的调节,获得最佳的反应条件为:制备壳聚糖-L-脯氨酸复合物的pH=10.7,干复合物1.0 g,交联剂8 mL,室温下反应18 h。结果表明,在水相中,L-Pro-M IPs对L-Pro具有良好的吸附选择性和高效分离特性,分离因子为4.67。     

一维链状聚-L-苯丙氨酸合银髣单晶及纳米晶体的合成与表征

合成了[Ag(L-Phe)]∞单晶,晶体属于单斜晶系,空间群为P21,a=0.7233(9)nm,b=0.6412(8)nm,c=1.0164(13)nm,β=106.098(3)°,V=0.4515(10)nm3,Z=2,F(000)=268,R1=0.0531。Ag髣分别与2个L-苯丙氨酸分子的羧基氧原子和氨基氮原子连接形成二配位结构,并沿a轴形成无限的一维链状结构,该链状结构呈现不太明显的右螺旋构型;采用“线性反应器”合成了一系列(直径为20￣60nm,长度为200nm￣2.2μm)纳米尺寸,结构与单晶一致的[Ag(L-Phe)]∞一维链状物,TEM观察了该纳米晶的自组装过程。     

基于纳米材料修饰的高灵敏性L-苯丙氨酸印迹溶胶-凝胶传感器的研究

将氧化锌纳米膜(ZnO-NFs)、多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)、纳米铜颗粒(Cu-NPs)和印迹溶胶-凝胶聚合物(MIP)依次修饰到碳电极(CE)表面,制备了一种对L-苯丙氨酸具有特异识别能力的印迹电化学传感器.采用电子扫描显微镜(SEM)对各修饰电极进行形貌表征;采用循环伏安法(CV)、示差脉冲伏安法(DPV)、安培时...     

聚合有机凝胶印迹膜对D-和L-苯丙氨酸的选择性吸附

以1-甲基-2,4-二(N’-十八烷脲基)苯为凝胶剂,以液体单体丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、二甲基丙烯酸聚乙二醇(200)酯以及模版分子和光敏引发剂的混合物为溶剂,研究表明,这种二烷基脲型凝胶剂在这些单体混合物中可进行超分子自组装,形成互相缠绕的具有纳米尺寸的纤维状聚集体,最终导致这些单体混合物首先形成稳定的超分子有机凝胶。然后经UV光引发聚合,经乙醇抽提凝胶剂聚集体和模板分子,制备了一种新型分子印迹的聚合有机凝胶薄膜。探讨了不同凝胶剂浓度、模板分子浓度、单体混合物配比所制备的印迹聚合有机凝胶薄膜对D-和L-苯丙氨酸吸附效率的影响。结果表明所制备的印迹聚合超分子凝胶对L-苯丙氨酸吸附效率约为对D-苯丙氨酸吸附效率的3～4倍,表现出明显的选择性吸附性。     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.     

Synthesis of N-substituted carbazolones from α-iodo enaminones via Pd(0)-catalyzed intramolecular coupling under microwave irradiation

A variety of N-aryl and N-alkyl carbazolones were conveniently achieved in good to high yields via Pd₂(dba)₃-mediated intramolecular coupling of N-substituted α-iodo enaminones under microwave irradiation. The Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization was found to proceed favorably with the more electron-deficient phenyl ring during the reactions involving unsymmetrical N,N-diaryl α-iodo enaminones. This unique property enables the construction of carbazolone skeleton containing nitro substituted benzenoid ring.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles by intramolecular nitrilimine cycloaddition

Both substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles have been synthesized by the 3+2 intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition of nitrilimines to alkynes. This cyclization has been extended to more versatile 3-bromo derivatives by the use of alkynylbromides as dipolarophiles.