BiOBr/g-C3N4 S型异质结无H2O2光-自芬顿高效催化降解RhB

通过焙烧-超声混合法成功地制备了BiOBr/g-C₃N₄ S型异质结复合光催化剂。采用多种表征手段对样品物理属性进行了表征,包括X射线多晶粉末衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外可见漫反射光谱(UV-VisDRS)。研究了所制备样品有/无Fe³⁺的光-自芬顿催化/光催化降解罗丹明B (RhB)性能。通过捕获实验确定了光催化反应中的主要活性物种,提出了光-自芬顿反应的降解机理。研究结果表明,BiOBr/g-C₃N₄ S型异质结能原位生成H₂O₂,添加Fe³⁺后,H₂O₂被原位活化成活性物种且光生电流和载流子分离效率获得显著提高。该光-自芬顿过程能高效降解RhB,其反应速率常数为0.208 min^-1,约为无Fe³⁺光催化反应速率常数的5.3倍,在光-自芬顿循环使用过程中表现出良好的稳定性。Fe³⁺的加入促进了光生电荷的分离和H₂O₂的活化,超氧阴离子自由基(·O₂^-)、空穴和羟基是光-自芬顿催化过程中的主要活性物种,且·O₂^-作用更大。     

碳酸氢钠活化过氧化氢对烯烃的环氧化

研究了碳酸氢钠活化H<,2>O<,2>(BAP)体系对苯乙烯和不饱和脂肪酸甲酯的环氧化.分别考察了碳酸氢钠、表面活性剂、加料方式、反应时间、H<,2>O<,2>用量和反应温度对BAP体系H<,2>O<,2>分解和烯烃环氧化的影响.在n(苯乙烯):n(H<,2>O<,2>):n(NaHCO<,3>)=1:10:0.25,...     

Co4HP2Mo15V3O62的合成及其催化乙苯氧化反应性能

合成了一系列Dawson型磷钼钒钴杂多酸盐Co<,n> H<,9-2n>P<,2>Mo<,15>V<,3>O<,62>(n=1-4),用傅立叶变换红外光谱表征了磷钼钒钴的结构.以乙苯为原料、H<,2>O<,2>为氧化剂、磷钼钒钴杂多酸盐为催化剂催化氧化乙苯制备苯乙酮.考察了催化剂种类及用量、助剂用量、H<,2>O<,2...     

Mn助剂对Ni/γ-Al2O3催化剂CO2甲烷化性能的影响

采用等体积浸渍法制备了Ni/γ-Al<,2>O<,3>和Ni-Mn/γ-Al<,2>O<,3>催化剂,在连续流动微反装置上考察了催化剂的CO<,2>甲烷化催化活性.借助N<,2>物理吸附、XRD、TEM、H<,2>-TPR、TPD及TPSR手段对催化剂的结构和性质进行表征.结果表明,Ni/γ-Al<,2>O<,3>中M...     

直接Z型MIL-100(Fe)/BiOBr异质结的构建及光芬顿降解磺胺甲恶唑的性能

通过原位共沉淀法可控制备了系列直接Z型MIL-100(Fe)/BiOBr异质结。使用粉末X射线衍射(PXRD)、傅里叶红外变换(FTIR)光谱、紫外可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)、扫描电镜(SEM)、高倍透射电镜(HRTEM)以及 X 射线光电子能谱(XPS)对MIL-100(Fe)/BiOBr 异质结晶体结构、微观形貌、光学性能、化学组成进行表征。以低功率发光二级管可见光为光源，探究了MIL-100(Fe)/BiOBr异质结光芬顿降解磺胺甲恶唑(SMX)性能。最佳反应体系MB-7/Vis/H₂O₂(MB-7是MIL-100(Fe)质量为BiOBr质量的10%时制备的样品)在光源照射70 min后可降解99.8% SMX(5 mg·L^-1)。同时，还考察了H₂O₂浓度、催化剂投加量、pH值以及无机阴离子对 MB-7/Vis/H₂O₂降解 SMX 影响。MB-7/Vis/H₂O₂能够在经过 5轮循环降解实验后保持 95% 以上的 SMX 降解效率，表明其具有较好的循环稳定性。通过光致发光(PL)光谱、光电化学测试、活性物质捕获实验以及电子自旋共振(ESR)技术对光芬顿降解SMX机理进行了揭示。增强的光芬顿活性的机制主要来自于异质结的构建加速了光生载流子的分离，进而促进了活性物质产生以及Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺的循环。     

表面缺陷α-Fe2O3(001)纳米片双活性位点类芬顿催化剂用于降解污染物

纯Fe₂O₃表面活性位点较少具有较低的催化活性限制了其在多相芬顿催化体系中的应用。通常采用元素掺杂、贵金属负载以及与其它化合物质复合等改性措施来提升催化活性,然而这些措施存在催化剂制备复杂,制备成本高以及催化剂的精细结构难以精准控制等问题。因此,本文提出在α-Fe₂O₃表面引入氧空位缺陷构筑双活性位点（Fe²⁺和氧空位）用于促进H₂O₂分解提高降解污染物降解效率。实验结果发现α-Fe₂O_3-x-330/H₂O₂体系具有较宽的pH使用范围（pH=2~10）。当pH=4时,罗丹明B的降解速率常数为0.834 h^-1,而且催化剂具有磁性,易回收重复使用。催化机理研究表明氧空位缺陷α-Fe₂O_3-x催化剂的氧空位和Fe²⁺两种活性位点均可促进H₂O₂分解,而且氧空位的引入有利于污染物在催化剂表面的吸附进一步提高催化性能。     

金电极上自组装L-cy/SOD膜修饰电极的电化学行为

采用自组装方法制备了N-乙酰-L-半胱氨酸SAM-SOD修饰电极,运用循环伏安法研究了电极的电化学行为,该电极上的反应是一个受吸附控制的准可逆过程,并发现该修饰电极能够催化H<,2>O<,2>的电还原,还原峰电流随H<,2>O<,2>浓度的增大而减小,并且在2.4×10<'-6>～2.0×10<'-4>moL/L范围内...     

纳米Fe3O4及Ni2+掺杂Fe3O4的制备、表征及吸附Pb(Ⅱ)的特性

采用一种改进的共沉淀法制备了纳米磁铁矿(Fe₃O₄)及Ni²⁺掺杂磁铁矿(Ni_xFe_3-xO₄,x=0.1,0.3,0.6),用X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、氮气物理性吸附、酸碱滴定等手段对产物进行了表征,用平衡吸附法研究了4种样品对Pb(Ⅱ)离子的吸附容量及吸附模型。结果表明,Fe₃O₄和3种Ni_xFe_3-xO₄均为近似球形的单相晶质纳米颗粒;与Fe₃O₄比较,Ni_xFe_3-xO₄的颗粒尺寸变小、表面电荷零点和pH＝5.0时的表面正电荷量降低;样品的孔体积、比表面积和表面分形度以及表面羟基含量都随产物中Ni²⁺掺杂量的增加而升高。4种样品对Pb(Ⅱ)的等温吸附数据均适合用Langmuir模型拟合(R₂=0.9942~0.9858),其相关系数的大小表现为:Fe₃O₄>Ni_0.1Fe_2.9O₄>Ni_0.3Fe_2.7O₄=Ni_0.6Fe_2.4O₄;Freundlich模型对样品等温吸附Pb(Ⅱ)的实验数据拟合度较低(R²=0.9813~0.9477),4种样品的Freundlich相关系数的大小关系与Langmuir相关系数相反。初始pH=5.0时,Fe₃O₄,Ni_0.1Fe_2.9O₄,Ni_0.3Fe_2.7O₄和Ni_0.6Fe_2.4O₄对Pb(Ⅱ)的最大吸附容量分别为6.02,6.68,7.29和8.34mg·g^-1。可见,Ni_xFe_3-xO₄(尤其是Ni²⁺掺杂量较高的产物)对水环境中重金属Pb(Ⅱ)的去除能力明显高于Fe₃O₄。     

碳纳米管负载纳米Fe2O3的研究

本文研究了用液相化学沉积法制备的碳纳米管负载Fe₂O₃。首先用浓HCl、浓HNO₃和浓HNO₃ / H₂SO₄(混酸)三种酸对碳纳米管进行改性处理，对样品进行了TEM形貌观察和FTIR光谱分析，FTIR分析表明浓HCl处理后不能在碳纳米管表面引入官能团，而浓HNO₃能在碳纳米管表面引入-OH和-C=O，浓HNOO₃ / H₂SO₄能在碳纳米管表面引入大量的-OH、-C=O、COOH。制备了以上三种碳纳米管分别负载Fe₂O₃。TEM分析表明，负载效果：混酸>浓HNO₃>浓HCl。经混酸处理后的碳纳米管所负载的Fe₂O₃的XRD分析，表明所负载的是α-Fe₂O₃。机理分析表明碳纳米管上的含氧基团能增强其在水溶液中的分散性，同时能增强其对Fe³⁺吸附和离子交换能力，使吸附在碳纳米管表面的Fe³⁺成为结晶成核中心，调节溶液pH值后，使Fe₂O₃沉积在碳纳米管表面。     

Fe2O3掺杂对WO3光催化降解有机染料X3B的影响

发展高效的可见光催化剂是太阳能化学利用的一个挑战. 本文采用简单的混合方法, 制备了WO₃和Fe₂O₃的混合物, 研究了该复合氧化物在H₂O₂存在下光催化降解有机染料X3B的活性. 实验表明, 催化剂的光催化活性与其煅烧温度和Fe₂O₃含量有关. 最佳煅烧温度和Fe₂O₃含量分别等于400 °C 和1.0% (w). 根据自由基捕获电子顺磁共振(EPR)波谱分析, 复合氧化物产生羟基自由基的量远高于Fe₂O₃和WO₃. 我们推测, 这种协同效应来源于WO₃和Fe₂O₃之间的电荷转移, 从而加快半导体光生载流子的分离和X3B的光催化降解.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.     

Synthesis of N-substituted carbazolones from α-iodo enaminones via Pd(0)-catalyzed intramolecular coupling under microwave irradiation

A variety of N-aryl and N-alkyl carbazolones were conveniently achieved in good to high yields via Pd₂(dba)₃-mediated intramolecular coupling of N-substituted α-iodo enaminones under microwave irradiation. The Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization was found to proceed favorably with the more electron-deficient phenyl ring during the reactions involving unsymmetrical N,N-diaryl α-iodo enaminones. This unique property enables the construction of carbazolone skeleton containing nitro substituted benzenoid ring.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Synthesis of substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles by intramolecular nitrilimine cycloaddition

Both substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles have been synthesized by the 3+2 intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition of nitrilimines to alkynes. This cyclization has been extended to more versatile 3-bromo derivatives by the use of alkynylbromides as dipolarophiles.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.