脉冲进样—火焰原子吸收光谱法测定高纯电解铜中微量铁

用脉冲进样－火焰原子吸收法进行高纯电解铜中微量铁的测定，探讨了并优了进样体积，计算时间等试验条件。试样消解后直接测定，避免了常规火焰原子吸收法测试需进行萃取．反萃取分离等繁琐的操作步骤，方法简单，快速、准确，具有较强的实用性。     

测定微量血清铜、锌的新方法

报道了单用重蒸馏氏倍稀释微量血清后,直接采用ＰＥ４００型原子吸收仪,ＨＧＡ７００型石墨炉,测定血清中铜,锌浓度的新方法。本法用血量少,只用重蒸馏水稀释,标本不易受污染,测定结果稳定,与标准的火焰原子吸收法测定结果有很好的相关性。本法可提高微量法测定铜,锌浓度的准确性,有助于末梢血微量元素测定方法在临床的推广,尤其适用于儿科病儿及需反复测定多种元素的病人。     

脉冲雾化火焰发射光谱法测定高纯铯中痕量锂、钠、钾和铷

纯金属铯中碱金属的测定大多采用火焰原子吸收或火焰发射光谱法,报导过纯度90～99%的金属铯中碱金属杂质的火焰发射测定方法。对于99.99～99.999%的高纯铯中痕量碱金属的测定,直接火焰原子吸收法的灵敏度不能满足要求,采用火焰发射法较为有利。为减少样品消耗量,克服高纯铯样品有限,又要测定多种痕量杂质的矛盾,并保证方法具有足够的灵敏度及较好的测定下限。本文采用微量溶液脉冲雾化技术与火焰发射法相结合,并利用简易标准加入法(或称标准加入法的二次     

一氧化二氮-乙炔火焰原子吸收法直接快速测定钢铁中铝

用自制高效玻璃雾化器代替WYX-401型原子吸收分光光度计的雾化器,并相应改动其预混合雾室的结构。试验确定了火焰原子吸收测定铝的最佳条件。铝的特征浓度值达到0.59微克/毫升/1％吸收;检出限达到0.18微克/毫升.考察了盐酸、硝酸、过氯酸和各种共存元素对铝的干扰。拟定了钢铁中酸溶铝的直接快速火焰原子吸收测定方法。本法测定下限为0.005％。以本法分析硅钢、低合金钢、工业纯铁标准样品和实际生产控制分析样品得到的结果与标准样品的标准值或比色法测定的结果相符合。方法快速、简便、灵敏、可靠。     

铝镍钴磁钢中大量铜、镍、钴的原子吸收光谱直接连续测定——用三维表法选择最佳火焰条件

原子吸收光谱法对于高含量成分的测定,虽已有一些报导,但还未成为广泛采用的常规分析法。将试液高倍稀释的测定方法,不仅使操作手续繁琐,且可能引进误差。本文对于铝镍钴磁钢中大量铜(3%)、镍(14%)及钴(24%),采用转动燃烧器的短程吸收,在同一试液中直接加以测定。对于大量基体铁对钴     

酸提取的悬浮液喷雾原子吸收测定小麦粉、大米粉和猪肝中的铜、锰、锌

1 引言 在原子吸收(AAS)测定中,生物试样的预处理手续十分耗时,因此应用固体粉末或其悬浮液直接进样受到了普遍的关注。在气动喷雾的火焰原子吸收(FAAS)测定中,直接吸收喷悬浮液或乳浊液较方便,但受到试样的均匀性,颗粒直径大小,火焰温度,标准方法等因素的影响。本文用酸快速处理试样后的悬浮液直接喷雾     

用次灵敏线原子吸收法测定铅锌矿石中铅锌

微量铅锌的原子吸收分析报道很多.矿石中高含量铅锌的测定,通常采用络合滴定法,但干扰较多、流程较长.高含量铅锌的原子吸收直接测定,则所见报道不多.本文研究了利用次灵敏线测定矿石中高含量铅锌.样品经酸溶并定容到一定体积后,可不经稀释用原子吸收仪直接进行铅、锌测定.方法简便、快速.检测结果与按国家标准分析方法结果比较,其准确度、精密度均符合要求.1试验部分1.1仪器与试剂GGX-1型原子吸收分光光度计铅、锌标准液:2.000mg·ml~(-1),2%硝酸(体积分数,下同).其他试剂均为分析纯1.2仪器工作条件选择次灵敏线铅368.4nm,锌307.6nm,空气-乙炔火焰比例根据仪器情况调整.因铅、锌灵敏度及线性范围受火焰影响,故测量过程中要求火焰状态     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法直接测定细胞中镉的研究

以镉孵育的肝癌细胞(HepG2)为研究对象,对基体改进剂种类、细胞个数以及原子吸收条件等相关参数进行了研究,在此基础上建立了石墨炉原子吸收光谱直接测定细胞中镉含量的方法.该方法可用于直接测定几百个(约400个)细胞中的镉;还可以用于人全血样品中镉的直接测定,血液样品体积仅需10μL(血细胞约107个).方法 的检出限为...     

流动注射-导数火焰原子吸收光谱测定植物油中的镍、锰、铬和铅

提出了流动注射－导数火焰原子吸收光谱测定植物油中微量镍、锰、铬和铅的新方法，流动注射进样技术克服了常规火焰原子吸收法耗样量大和基体干扰严重的缺点，导数技术应用于火焰原子吸收可提高方法的灵敏度和信号的选择性，流动注射与导数技术相结合应用于火焰原子吸收成功地测定了常规火焰原子吸收法和流动注射－火焰原子吸收法难以测定的植物油中微量镍、锰、铬和铅。镍、锰、铬和铅的特征浓度（μg/mL)，分别为0.0054、0.0034、0.0067、0.025，相对标准偏差在0.3%-2.8%的范围内。     

石墨炉AAS法测定间隙水、上覆水中痕量铅、镉、铜

本文参考石墨炉原子吸收测定铅、镉、铜的有关报导,采用APDC—DDTC/MIBK在小试管中同时萃取,富集、分离海洋沉积物间隙水、上覆水中待测元素,再用石墨炉平台原子吸收法直接测定有机相中的铅、镉、铜。铅、镉的测定灵敏度分别提高到管壁进样时的2.8和1.7倍,并消除了干     

Determination of trace Ag, Au, Ge, Pb, Sn and Te by microwave plasma torch atomic emission spectrometry coupled with an electrothermal vaporization sample introduction system

An electrothermal vaporization (ETV) sample introduction device tantalum filament was combined with microwave plasma torch atomic emission spectrometry (MPT-AES) for determination of several trace elements. Some operating parameters of the system were optimized. The effects of easily ionized elements (EIEs) on the emission intensities of the tested elements were studied in detail. It was revealed that there was no interference resulting from small amount of sample matrix; while with the existence of large amount of sample matrix, the method of standard addition could be used to determine trace elements in samples. So, no modifier was required in this method. The results indicated that ETV-MPT-AES not only has the advantage of micro sample consumption (a volume of 3 mul for each injection), but also offers high sensitivities for the determination of Ag, Au, Ge, Pb, Sn and Te as compared with those obtained with pneumatic nebulization (PN) MPT-AES.     

薄荷中微量元素的测定

用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)同时测定了薄荷的叶、茎和整株三部分中微量元素的含量，样品处理分别采用干法和微波消解法。并对于法和微波消解法的测定结果进行了比较。结果表明，薄荷中含有Al、Fe、Na、Zn等多种微量元素，其中Cu、Fe、Mn、Ni、Zn、Sr等是人体必需微量元素。于法中某些元素可能因挥发而全部或部分损失；某些元素在氯化物大量存在时具有挥发性；有些不挥发的元素会因进入坩埚壁而造成损失，当灰分体积很小时，更突出；用酸处理样品时，分析元素会因灼烧而难以溶解。微波消解法损耗的元素较少，测得的结果较准确。用ICP—AES法测定薄荷中的微量元素具有简单、快速、准确度高的优点。     

Application of radioisotope-excited X-ray fluorescence to the determination of trace elements in blood

A radioisotope-excited energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence system has been constructed and used for the analysis of blood samples for trace elements. The possibility of determination of trace elements in blood by X-ray fluorescence based on comparison with standard reference materials has been outlined and the applicability of the method demonstrated by the analysis of blood samples. The method enables fast, non-destructive direct analyses to be carried out without lengthy sample pretreatment on a routine basis.     

Characterization of trace elements in high viscosity materials by total reflection X-ray spectrometry

This paper proposes the use of radiation scattered by the sample instead of the internal standard method for quantifying impurities in high viscosity materials using X-ray fluorescence with total reflection geometry. The method has been performed for checking trace elements in gels of polymers. Advantages include no sample preparation and a minimum amount of sample (10 μl). The method is also insensitive to instrumental variations, sample amount and particle size of the sample. The ratio of coherent to incoherent scattering intensities of X-ray was also investigated to estimate the content of C plus O in these polymers.     

ETAAS method for the determination of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn and Se in blood fractions and whole blood

An electrothermal atomic absorption method (ETAAS) for the direct determination of trace elements (Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Se) both in blood fractions (erythrocytes, plasma and lymphocytes) and whole blood was developed. Zeeman background correction and graphite tubes with L'vov platforms were used. Samples were diluted with HNO3/Triton X-100 and pipetted directly into the graphite tube. Ashing, pretreatment and atomization steps were optimized carefully for the different fractions and elements applying different matrix modifiers for each element. For the lymphocyte fraction a multi-fold injection technique was applied. Low detection limits of the ETAAS method (Cd 0.13 microgram/L, Cr 0.11 microgram/L, Cu 0.52 microgram/L, Mn 0.13 microgram/L, Se 0.7 microgram/L of whole blood) combined with small quantities of sample necessary for analysis allow determination of trace elements in this matrix. Verification of possible differences in the trace element status of humans was performed with statistical significance (P < 0.05). In addition, a contribution to the determination of normal values of essential elements was achieved. The method was applied for determination of trace elements in human blood and blood fractions of two groups (n = 50) different in health status.     

Multielement Analysis of Whole Blood Using a Capacitively Coupled Microwave Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer

A capacitively coupled microwave plasma atomic emission spectrometer (CMP-AES) has been evaluated as a means for the direct analysis of several of the primary and trace elements in whole blood. A tungsten filament spiral electrode was used with the CMP, and whole blood samples were deposited on the electrode and subsequently dried, ashed, and atomized. The emission was measured with a spectrometer and a charge-coupled-device detector. A sample size of only 2 μl was required and the time for each sample run was under 4 min. This method has a wide dynamic range, allowing the determination of both the primary elements in blood and elements present in trace quantities. Potassium, sodium, lithium, magnesium, manganese, and zinc were studied. Good linearity was observed and the concentration levels obtained for these elements were consistent with literature values. The primary advantages of this method are that no sample pretreatment or dilution is required, the instrument cost is low, and the method is capable of simultaneous multielement analysis on small, discrete samples.     

ETAAS method for the determination of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn and Se in blood fractions and whole blood

An electrothermal atomic absorption method (ETAAS) for the direct determination of trace elements (Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Se) both in blood fractions (erythrocytes, plasma and lymphocytes) and whole blood was developed. Zeeman background correction and graphite tubes with L’vov platforms were used. Samples were ¶diluted with HNO₃/Triton X-100 and pipetted directly ¶into the graphite tube. Ashing, pretreatment and atomization steps were optimized carefully for the different fractions and elements applying different matrix modifiers ¶for each element. For the lymphocyte fraction a multi-fold injection technique was applied. Low detection limits ¶of the ETAAS method (Cd 0.13 μg/L, Cr 0.11 μg/L, ¶Cu 0.52 μg/L, Mn 0.13 μg/L, Se 0.7 μg/L of whole blood) combined with small quantities of sample necessary for analysis allow determination of trace elements in this matrix. Verification of possible differences in the trace element status of humans was performed with statistical significance (P < 0.05). In addition, a contribution to the determination of normal values of essential elements was achieved. The method was applied for determination of trace elements in human blood and blood fractions of two groups (n = 50) different in health status.     

微量元素医学精要Ⅱ.疾病的诊断和治疗

本文根据微量元素医学的基本理论和方法对疾病进行诊治的进展作了综述。包括以下内容；人体疾病与微量元素。微量元素日供给量，治疗量及食物来源。微量元素分析测试方法简介和人体微量元素参考值。     

川崎病患儿微量元素的变化

为研究微量元素与川崎病的关系,对17例川崎病患儿及17例健康儿童进行了全血5种微量元素检测分析。结果表明,川崎病患儿的全血锌、铁含量明显低于健康儿童(P<0.05)。提示川崎病患儿部分微量元素含量存在异常,建议对川崎病患儿检查微量元素。     

参芪降糖颗粒中微量元素与其疗效关系的研究

采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法，对参芪降糖颗粒中的二十种元素进行了分析，同时用塞曼测汞仪测定了样品中汞元素的含量。结果表明，参芪降糖颗粒对糖尿病的疗效与其中的微量元素有关。