气相色谱-串联质谱法测定汽油中甲缩醛

采用气相色谱-串联质谱法测定汽油中甲缩醛的含量,并对不确定度进行了评价。汽油样品直接进样,在气相色谱分离中用HP-5MS色谱柱(15m×0.25mm,0.25μm)为固定相,在质谱分析中采用多反应监测模式。甲缩醛的线性范围为20~500μL·L~(-1),方法的检出限(3S/N)为0.01μL·L~(-1)。方法用于汽油样品的分析,加标回收率为90.4%~113%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为0.90%~2.7%。不确定度主要来源于标准曲线不确定度。     

气相色谱-离子阱二级质谱测定茶叶中的亚胺硫磷、噻嗪酮和哒螨灵

建立了一种基于气相色谱-离子阱二级质谱(GC-MS/MS) 检测茶叶中亚胺硫磷、噻嗪酮和哒螨灵残留量的方法.样品采用乙腈提取后经活性炭小柱净化,浓缩,定容后上机分析.采用HP-5MS毛细管柱分离,电子轰击电离源二级质谱监测模式检测,外标法定量.方法的线性关系良好(R不低于0.9970),检出限在0.01 ～0.02 mg/kg之间,3种农药添加回收率在92.0%～115.0%之间,RSD在3.0%~9.3%,方法操作简单,灵敏度高,可作为茶叶中3种农药残留量的同时测定方法.     

分散固相萃取净化气相色谱串联质谱法测定茶叶、西葫芦和芒果中噻螨酮和噻嗪酮残留量

建立了分散周相萃取净化、气相色谱串联质谱法(GC-MS/MS)测定茶叶、芒果和可葫芦中噻螨酮和噻嗪酮残留分析方法,并对噻螨酮、噻嗪酮的质谱裂解规律和基质效应进行了分析。噻嗪酮和噻螨酮分别在0.040～40 mg/L和0.025～2.5 mg/L浓度范围内呈线性关系,相关系数0.9910,检出限分别为0.005和0.010 mg/L;不同样品中噻螨酮和噻嗪酮平均回收率为83.6%～116.9%之间,相对标准偏差为2.0%～15.7%,方法定量限为茶叶中0.010 mg/kg,西葫芦、芒果中为0.002 mg/kg采用此方法抽检我国不同地区市场上的120份芒果、西葫芦样品,均未检出噻螨酮噻嗪酮残留;检测20份噻嗪酮田间残留试验茶叶样,均未检出噻嗪酮残留(低于3.9 mg/kg)。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定有机建筑粘合剂中3种苯胺类化合物含量

提出了气相色谱-质谱法测定有机建筑粘合剂中3种苯胺类化合物含量的方法。样品中3种苯胺类化合物用乙醇超声提取,离心分离后,所得提取液过0.22μm有机滤膜,滤液供气相色谱-质谱分析。在气相色谱分离中用DB-WAX毛细管色谱柱(30m×0.25mm,0.25μm)为固定相,在质谱分析中采用全扫描和选择离子监测模式。3种苯胺类化合物在一定的质量浓度范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)在0.3~0.6mg·kg-1之间。在3个浓度水平上做回收试验,加标回收率在91.1%~97.3%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.7%~4.0%之间。     

在线液相-气相二维色谱高灵敏测定卷烟主流烟气中的4-（N-甲基亚硝胺基）-1-（3-吡啶基）-1-丁酮

建立了在线液相-气相二维色谱测定卷烟主流烟气中4-(N-甲基亚硝胺基)-1-(3-吡啶基)-1-丁酮(NNK)的方法。 NNK 的分析在在线凝胶气质联用仪上进行,采用自行装填的微型碱性氧化铝柱,并把仪器上的凝胶柱换成氧化铝柱,用于 NNK 的分析。捕集有主流烟气总粒相物的剑桥滤片用二氯甲烷提取,以 D4-NNK 为内标,提取液经微型氧化铝柱分离,含 NNK 的部位切割进入气相色谱,排干溶剂后启动气相色谱升温经毛细管柱进行分离,用质谱检测。本方法将烟气国标方法 NNK 测定中的氧化铝柱色谱净化和气相色谱-质谱分析在线连接起来,可不经样品前处理净化直接进样分析;每次进样可达40μL,是常规气相色谱-质谱分析最大进样量(2.0μL)的20倍,显著提高了分析灵敏度。方法线性范围达1.2~120 ng/ mL,相关系数为r=0.9998,回收率为93.9%~96.0%;检出限和定量限分别为0.25 ng/ mL 和0.9 ng/ mL,样品分析结果与中国烟草总公司企业标准方法进行对比,结果相符合。     

衍生化毛细管气相色谱法同时测定无糖食品中的多种糖醇类甜味剂

建立了一种同时测定无糖食品中多种糖醇类甜味剂的气相色谱定量分析方法。样品中的糖醇经水提取,净化、脱水后,在吡啶-乙酸酐(1∶1,V/V)存在条件下,于90℃反应20 min,生成的糖醇乙酸酯衍生物用OV-101毛细管色谱柱(50 m×0.25 mm×0.33μm)分离,氢火焰离子化检测器(FID)进行测定及气相色谱-质谱结构鉴定。在优化的色谱分析条件下,实现了赤藓糖醇、木糖醇、甘露糖醇、山梨糖醇和麦芽糖醇衍生物的理想分离,并排除了常见糖类对糖醇测定的干扰。本方法在0.01～1.6 mg/mL范围内,对糖醇浓度与其衍生物峰面积进行线性回归分析,其相关系数在0.9995～0.9999之间。平均回收率为74.6%～113.4%,相对标准偏差在2.4%～8.6%之间。本方法操作简便、快速、可靠,检测限和加标回收率均能满足无糖食品中糖醇的定量分析要求。     

气相色谱-串联质谱法测定船用燃料油中的9种含氮化合物

采用气相色谱-串联质谱(GC-MS/MS)法建立了船用燃料油中9种含氮化合物的测定方法。样品以SPE小柱净化去除饱和烃后,通过二氯甲烷-乙醇(5∶1)溶液洗脱。用DB-5MS(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25μm)色谱柱分离,采用多反应监测(MRM)模式,外标法定量。结果表明,9种含氮化合物的色谱分离效果良好,在浓度1~1 000 mg/kg范围内与峰面积均呈线性关系。方法的定量下限(S/N=10)为0.18~0.43 mg/kg,平均加标回收率为85.3%~121.6%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)均不大于6.8%。结果表明该方法快速可靠、准确简便,适用于船用燃料油中9种含氮化合物的检测。     

菌类食品中多种有机磷农药的气相色谱-离子阱二级质谱联用法测定

研究了气相色谱-二级质谱联用技术测定菌类食品中甲胺磷、速灭磷等44种有机磷农药残留的方法,依据待测物化学性质,对预处理方法和质谱分析条件进行了优化.样品加入水浸泡,氯化钠盐析,采用乙酸乙酯-环己烷(1 ∶ 1,体积比)匀浆提取2次,合并上层有机相,用无水硫酸钠柱脱水,40 ℃水浴旋转蒸发至近干,以乙酸乙酯-环己烷(1 ∶ 1)定容,凝胶渗透色谱和固相萃取方法(石墨化炭黑小柱)两步净化,氮气吹干后,乙酸乙酯定容至0.25 mL,采用HP-5MS柱,无分流进样,气相色谱-离子阱二级质谱方法进行定性和定量分析,外标法定量.44种农药在0.05 ～10.00 mg/L范围内呈线性关系,在0.05 ～0.5 mg/kg加标范围内的回收率为68% ～116%,相对标准偏差为5.4% ～13.4%,44种有机磷农药的检出限为0.01 ～0.1 mg/kg,满足菌类食品中有机磷农药残留限量的检测.     

在线凝胶渗透色谱-气相色谱/质谱法测定水中二异丙基萘、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯和邻苯二甲酸(2-乙基)己酯

建立了在线凝胶色谱-气相色谱/质谱法测定水中二异丙基萘、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯和邻苯二甲酸(2-乙基)己酯的方法。样品经正己烷液-液萃取,浓缩定容,经凝胶渗透色谱柱净化后,用DB-5MS色谱柱(25 m×0.25 mm,0.25μm)分离,质谱检测,内标法定量。在0.5μg/L、1.5μg/L和3.0μg/L 3个加标浓度下,3种目标物的平均回收率在95.45%～107.80%之间,相对标准偏差在2.64%～6.26%之间,3种目标物的方法检出限分别为0.01μg/L、0.5μg/L和0.5μg/L。该方法操作简单,分析成本低,适合水中二异丙基萘、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸(2-乙基)己酯的检测。     

固相微萃取-气相色谱/质谱联用快速鉴定香稻香味特征化合物2-乙酰基吡咯啉

建立了固相微萃取-气相色谱/质谱(SPME-GC/MS)联用快速鉴定香稻香味特征化舍物2-乙酰基吡咯啉的方法.香米加入内标物2,4,6-三甲基吡啶,密封,在80℃水浴条件下经固相微萃取(萃取纤维头为100 μm聚二甲基硅氧烷)提取2 h,提取物经毛细管气相色谱柱HP-5MS(30 mx0.25mm×0.25μm)分离,...     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.