微量元素与高血压Ⅰ.高血压病人的元素含量异常

高血压是脑卒中和冠心病的主要危险因素，我国现有1．2亿人正受到高血压的威胁。大多数高血压是可以防治的。膳食防治高血压的本质是维持元素平衡或纠正破坏了的元素平衡关系。本文简述了我国高血压流行情况、不同血压水平的心脑血管病发病危险、血压与微量元素的相关关系、高血压患者的元素含量异常，以及高血压的元素食疗防治。附1图、33表、44篇参考文献。     

高血压与微量元素的相关研究进展

微量元素在原发性高血压的发生发展过程中起到一定的作用。阐述了高血压与锌、铜、镁、铁、锰等微量元素的关系,并对治疗高血压中药中微量元素含量的研究进行了归纳总结。     

食盐与高血压发病

限盐被许多国家推荐作为一项降压措施,但盐与血压之间存在复杂的相关关系。从原发性高血压的危险因素、食盐与血压的关系,以及盐-血压关系分布模式3个方面综述了食盐在高血压发病中的地位。     

老年高血压患者头发中6种元素含量测定及分析

对探讨老年高血压与微量元素的关系,测定了40例老年高血压患者头发中Zn、Fe、Cu、Ca、Mn、pb含量。结果表明,高血压患者头发中Zn、Fe、Cu、Ca、Mn含量均降低,以Zn、Fe、Ca降低最明显（P＜0．01）。提示发Zn、Fe、Ca对高血压发生起一定的作用。     

抗高血压药物的构效关系研究进展

我国对抗高血压药的研究始于20世纪50年代。随着研究的不断深入,抗高血压药物朝着高效、长效、高度心血管选择性、多器官保护作用以及低副作用方向发展,不断在原有化合物模型的基础上对化合物进行结构修饰,发展了单环及多环含氮杂环类抗高血压药物。文章从结构与活性的角度分析了近年来国内外杂环类抗高血压药及其衍生物的构效关系。     

高血压类风湿症疗效与锌,钙关系初探

以临床典型病案为例，探讨了中医中药传统理论和现代微量元素研究的关系，重点讨论了向量元素锌、宏量元素钙与高血压、风湿症的病因病机和治疗关系。     

血清钾钠含量与高血压合并高血脂症之间关系的研究

为探讨血清钾（K），钠（Na)含量变化与高血压合并高血脂症之间的关系，采用全自动生化分析仪和试剂盒分别检测了44例高血压合并高血脂症患者，42例单纯高血压病患者的血清K，Na及胆固醇（Ch)，甘油三酯（TG），并与30例正常对照组进行了比较分析。结果表明，高血压合并高血脂症患者的血清Na,Na/K比值及Ch,TG均明显高于高血压组和对照组，血清K则低于单纯高血压组及对照组（P＜0．01）；单纯高血压组血清Na,Na/K及Ch和TG有增高的趋向。提示血清中K和Na含量变化与高血压合并高血脂症有密切的关系。采取全人群中的预防策略，包括有良好的生活方式，控制食盐的摄入量，降低膳食中动物性脂肪的摄入量及高血压的防治等，可以有效地降低高血压合并高血脂症的发病率。     

口服抗高血压药物研究进展

对2011年以来FDA (美国食品药品监督管理局)批准上市的血管扩张药、β受体阻断药和血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂类抗高血压药物研究进行了综述,包括药物先导化合物的发现、作用机理、结构修饰、构效关系、合成方法等,为抗高血压药物研发提供参考。     

130名哈萨克族牧民血清铁、血红蛋白含量与高血压关系的分析

为探讨乌鲁木齐南山130名哈萨克族牧民血清铁及血红蛋白含量与原发性高血压的关系,给哈萨克族原发性高血压的病因学研究提供科学依据,对这些牧民进行了血压测定和血清铁、血红蛋白含量分析。结果表明,130名哈萨克族牧民高血压检出率为53.3%;高血压组血清铁水平明显高于正常组(P=0.000);高血压组血红蛋白含量也明显高于正常组(P=0.004);进一步分析表明,高血压组男性和女性血清铁水平明显高于正常组男性和女性(P0.01和P0.001);血红蛋白含量高血压组女性较正常血压组女性高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),而男性两组差异不明显。提示哈萨克族高血压患者血清铁和血红蛋白的含量与高血压的发生可能有关。     

钾钠铁钙镁含量变化与高血压关系的研究

为了探讨钾钠铁钙镁元素的含量变化与高血压的关系,检测了高血压患者８６例的血清Ｋ,Ｎａ,Ｆｅ,Ｃａ,Ｍｇ含量。结果发现,高血压组的血清Ｎａ,Ｆｅ含量和Ｎａ／Ｋ比值明显高于临界高血压组和对照组,而Ｋ,Ｃａ含量和Ｃａ／Ｍｇ比值则比对照组低,Ｋ,Ｃａ／Ｍｇ与收缩压和舒张压呈显著负相关,而Ｎａ,Ｆｅ和Ｎａ／Ｋ呈显著正相关,提示Ｋ,Ｃａ和Ｎａ与血压关系最为密切。     

汽油铅与血铅的关系

论述了汽油铅对人体血铅水平的影响，主要内容包括：血铅水平与大气铅水平的关系，大气铅水平与加铅汽油耗量的关系，汽油铅耗量与居民血铅水平的关系。     

A nonlinear RDF model for waves propagating in shallow water

In this paper, a composite explicit nonlinear dispersion relation is presented with reference to Stokes 2nd order dispersion relation and the empirical relation of Hedges. The explicit dispersion relation has such advantages that it can smoothly match the Stokes relation in deep and intermediate water and Hedgs’s relation in shallow water. As an explicit formula, it separates the nonlinear term from the linear dispersion relation. Therefore it is convenient to obtain the numerical solution of nonlinear dispersion relation. The present formula is combined with the modified mild-slope equation including nonlinear effect to make a Refraction-Diffraction (RDF) model for wave propagating in shallow water. This nonlinear model is verified over a complicated topography with two submerged elliptical shoals resting on a slope beach. The computation results compared with those obtained from linear model show that at present the nonlinear RDF model can predict the nonlinear characteristics and the combined refraction and diffraction of shallow-water waves.     

A nonlinear RDF model for waves propagating in shallow water

In this paper, a composite explicit nonlinear dispersion relation is presented with reference to Stokes 2nd order dispersion relation and the empirical relation of Hedges. The explicit dispersion relation has such advantages that it can smoothly match the Stokes relation in deep and intermediate water and Hedgs's relation in shallow water. As an explicit formula, it separates the nonlinear term from the linear dispersion relation. Therefore it is convenient to obtain the numerical solution of nonlinear dispersion relation. The present formula is combined with the modified mild-slope equation including nonlinear effect to make a Refraction-Diffraction (RDF) model for wave propagating in shallow water. This nonlinear model is verified over a complicated topography with two submerged elliptical shoals resting on a slope beach. The computation results compared with those obtained from linear model show that at present the nonlinear RDF model can predict the nonlinear characteristics and the combined refracti     

Cell model calculation for electrokinetic phenomena in concentrated suspensions: an Onsager relation between sedimentation potential and electrophoretic mobility

Cell model calculations for the electrophoretic mobility, electrical conductivity and sedimentation potential in concentrated suspensions of colloidal particles with low zeta potentials are reviewed with particular emphasis on an Onsager relation between sedimentation potential and electrophoretic mobility. A general Onsager relation is derived on the basis of the thermodynamics of irreversible processes. This relation, which involves the ratio of the electrical conductivity K* of the suspension to the conductivity Kinfinity in the absence of the particles, reproduces the Onsager relation derived from cell model calculations at low zeta potentials, where K*/Kinfinity becomes (1 - phi)/(1 + phi/2), phi being the particle volume fraction.     

肾病综合征与锌铜铁

以临床典型肾病综合征病案为例，地中医中药传统理论和微量元素研究关系，重点了微量元素锌、铜、铁与肾病综合征的病因病机和治疗关系。     

Force-length relation for a short freely jointed chain: mass and volume dependence

We evaluate the force-length relation for short model chains. It is shown that this relation is markedly different when evaluated for static and dynamic model chains with rigid segments. The relation also differs for chains with rigid segments when they are isolated and coupled to a canonical heatbath, respectively. Furthermore, it is derived that the variation of the masses along the chain only has a small influence on the force-length relation. On the other hand, restricting the motion of the chain by walls perpendicular to the chain extension has a pronounced effect. We especially find that in this situation the chain has a finite equilibrium length.Dedicated to Professor W. Pechhold on the occasion of his 60th birthday     

LE MÉTABOLISME DES ANTHOCYANES EN RELATION AVEC LA LUMIÈRE ET LA FLORAISON CHEZ PERILLA NANKINENSIS (LOUR.) DECNÉ

Abstract— Synthesis and degradation of anthocyanins in the leaves of Perilla nankinensis (S.D. plant) were studied in relation to photoperiod, light intensity and floral induction. No relation was found between anthocyanin degradation and floral induction as suggested earlier by Ermolaeva and Sironval. Discussion is opened on the significance of the observed variations of anthocyanin content in the leaves and on their relation with photosynthesis and respiration.     

On the volume-dependence of the index of refraction from the viewpoint of the complex dielectric function and the Kramers-Kronig relation

How indices of refraction n(omega) of insulating solids are affected by the volume dilution of an optical entity and the mixing of different, noninteracting simple solid components was examined on the basis of the dielectric function epsilon(1)(omega) + iepsilon(2)(omega). For closely related insulating solids with an identical composition and the formula unit volume V, the relation [epsilon(1)(omega) - 1]V = constant was found by combining the relation epsilon(2)(omega)V = constant with the Kramers-Kronig relation. This relation becomes [n(2)(omega) - 1]V = constant for the index of refraction n(omega) determined for the incident light with energy less than the band gap (i.e., h omega < E(g)). For a narrow range of change in the formula unit volume, the latter relation is well approximated by a linear relation between n and 1/V.     

肾炎的中医药论治与微量元素

以临床典型肾病病案为例，探讨了中医中药传统理论和微量元素研究的关系，重点讨论微量元素锌，铁，铜与肾病的病因，病机和治疗关系。     

肝脏疾病与矿物元素的关系

综述了微量元素锌、铜、铁、硒、锰、钼在肝脏疾病中的变化情况及其在肝脏疾病的发生、发展中的作用。