分子印迹固相萃取-高效液相色谱法同时检测烟叶中磺酰脲类农药残留

以氯磺隆（CS）为模板分子,甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,在二氯甲烷氛围中,经沉淀聚合制备氯磺隆分子印迹聚合物（CS-MIP）微球。将该聚合物微球作为填料制得分子印迹固相萃取柱用于样品前处理,建立了分子印迹固相萃取-高效液相色谱（MIP-SPE-HPLC）同时检测烟叶中6种磺酰脲类除草剂残留的分析方法。针对氯磺隆、甲磺隆、苄嘧磺隆、苯磺隆、胺苯磺隆和烟嘧磺隆6种磺酰脲类除草剂,在烟叶中加标0.50~50 μg/g,经氯磺隆分子印迹固相萃取柱（CS-MIP-SPE）净化和富集,高效液相色谱（HPLC）检测,其平均回收率为77.60%~102.05%,相对标准偏差为0.16%~7.07%,检出限为0.08~0.46 μg/g。将MIP-SPE-HPLC方法用于实际农药残留检测,结果表明可同时满足烟叶中多种磺酰脲类除草剂残留量的检测要求。     

MIL-53(Fe)@聚多巴胺@Fe_3O_4磁性复合材料的制备及其用于环境水样中磺酰脲类除草剂的磁固相萃取

制备了MIL-53(Fe)和聚多巴胺(PDA)修饰的磁性Fe_3O_4复合材料MIL-53(Fe)@PDA@Fe_3O_4,并将其作为吸附剂用于磁固相萃取-高效液相色谱法(MSPE-HPLC)检测环境水样中4种磺酰脲类除草剂(甲嘧磺隆、苄嘧磺隆、吡嘧磺隆和氯嘧磺隆)。实验优化了高效液相色谱条件(乙腈和含0.01%(体积分数)三氟乙酸的水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,检测波长为233 nm)及磁固相萃取条件(洗脱剂为5 mL丙酮,萃取时间为4.5 min,吸附剂用量为60 mg,NaCl加入量为0.5 g,溶液pH值为3),在最佳条件下进行方法学考察,4种磺酰脲类除草剂均得到良好的线性关系,相关系数(r)≥0.998 0。方法的检出限(LOD,S/N=3)为0.28~0.77μg/L。将建立的方法用于3种环境水样中4种磺酰脲类除草剂的检测,其加标回收率为78.8%~109.7%。结果表明,制备的功能化复合材料结合了MIL-53(Fe)和Fe_3O_4的优点,可以简便快速地萃取分离环境水样中磺酰脲类除草剂。     

悬浮固化分散液液微萃取-毛细管电泳法测定水中磺酰脲类除草剂

建立了悬浮固化分散液液微萃取-毛细管电泳法同时测定水中磺酰脲类除草剂残留的方法。以十二醇为萃取剂、甲醇为分散剂,采用悬浮固化分散液液微萃取技术对水样进行分离提取,并结合毛细管电泳法进行测定。该方法可以有效提取、分离、检测水中残留的微量苯磺隆、吡嘧磺隆、苄嘧磺隆等9种磺酰脲类除草剂,各待测物在10.0~1000 μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r≥0.992,方法检出限为2.40~7.50 μg/L,方法精密度为6.55%~13.9%。将该方法用于实际水样的测定,取得了较满意的结果,加标回收率为82.0%~104%。该方法简便快速,适合水中磺酰脲类除草剂的同时测定。     

磺酰脲类除草剂在水、土壤及小麦中残留分析的前处理方法研究

分别采用不同的前处理方法处理水、土壤和小麦样品。水样采用C18固相萃取小柱净化和富集;土壤样品以二氯甲烷为提取剂,超声波提取,液-液分配净化;小麦样品经二氯甲烷超声波提取,氟罗里硅土柱净化、富集。样品中磺酰脲除草剂甲磺隆、氯磺隆、苄嘧磺隆的残留量采用高效液相色谱-紫外检测器同时测定。三种磺酰脲除草剂在0.1～4.0mg·mL-1范围内线性良好,相关系数在0.9996～0.9997之间。水样、土壤样品和小麦样品的平均加标回收率分别为82.0%～107.0%、84.5%～100.6%、80.0%～98.5%,相对标准偏差在0.7%～11.2%之间。     

分子印迹固相萃取-液相色谱质谱联用对4种磺酰脲类除草剂残留的测定

采用苄嘧磺隆分子印迹固相萃取柱(MISPE)对加标大米中的苄嘧磺隆、甲磺隆、苯磺隆和烟嘧磺隆4种磺酰脲类除草剂进行净化和富集预处理,并采用LC-MS方法进行定量分析.质谱条件为:正离子检测模式(M+H),检测质量范围为m/z 200 ～800 ,毛细管电压3.93 kV,锥孔电压20 V,脱溶剂温度250 ℃,辅助气流速4 L/min.4种磺酰脲类除草剂在0.01 ～0.70 mg·L~(-1)范围内线性良好.回收率为68% ～100%,表明样品液中的烟嘧磺隆、甲磺隆、苯磺隆和苄嘧磺隆能直接被分子印迹固相萃取柱中的印迹位点保留,而杂质几乎不被保留.分子印迹固相萃取柱对磺酰脲类除草剂表现出良好的识别性能.     

固相萃取/高效液相色谱法测定地表水中磺酰脲类农药的研究

建立了固相萃取/高效液相色谱法(SPE/HPLC)同时测定地表水中五种磺酰脲类农药的方法。研究了固相萃取提取、净化方法,优化了高效液相色谱条件并用二极管阵列检测器进行定量分析。五种磺酰脲类农药在0.1~10.0μg/mL范围内线性良好,相关系数在0.9992~0.9998之间,相对标准偏差在1.8%~4.1%之间,平均回收率为72.8%~103%。本方法中五种磺酰脲类农药的检出限在0.02~0.22 ng/mL范围。用该法分析了某水域地表水,取得满意结果,表明本方法具有一定的实用性。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定大豆中10种磺酰脲类除草剂的残留量

首次建立了同时检测大豆中10种磺酰脲类除草剂(环氧嘧磺隆、噻吩磺隆、甲磺隆、醚苯磺隆、氯磺隆、苄嘧磺隆、氟磺隆、吡嘧磺隆、氯嘧磺隆和氟嘧磺隆)多残留量的反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC)方法。样品经乙腈提取、正己烷液-液分配、Florisil填充柱净化后,采用RP-HPLC-二极管阵列检测器检测(DAD)法测定,外标法定量。对样品前处理和色谱分离条件进行了详细的研究和优化。10种磺酰脲类除草剂的质量浓度在0.1~10.0 mg/L范围内其浓度与峰面积的线性关系良好,相关系数为0.9996~0.9997;在     

硼亲和吸附剂的制备及其对苯甲酰脲类农药的萃取性能

以3-丙烯酰胺苯硼酸（APB）为单体,二乙烯基苯（DVB）为交联剂,“原位”聚合制备了聚（3-丙烯酰胺苯硼酸-二乙烯基苯）多孔硼亲和整体材料并作为搅拌饼固相萃取（SCSE-APBDVB）的萃取介质。以5种苯甲酰脲农药为目标化合物,详细考察了萃取过程中解吸溶剂、样品基底中pH值以及离子强度、萃取和解吸时间等实验条件对萃取效率的影响。在此基础上,与高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器联用建立了环境水样和果汁样品中苯甲酰脲农药残留的测定方法。在最佳条件下,在水样和果汁样品中,5种目标化合物的检出限（LOD,S/N=3）分别在0.055~0.11 μg/L和0.095~0.31 μg/L之间,所建立的方法具有理想的日内和日间重现性（RSD值均小于9.0%）。在对实际环境水样和果汁样品的测定中,不同加标浓度苯甲酰脲的回收率为75.6%~109%。研究表明,由于所制备吸附剂与目标化合物存在B-N配位作用、氢键和疏水等多种作用力,因此SCSE-APBDVB可对苯甲酰脲农药进行有效萃取,所建立的分析方法具有简便、灵敏和环境友好等特点。     

磁性聚电解质多层膜固相萃取-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定水样中的三价铬

将聚电解质多层膜组装于磁性硅胶表面得到新型吸附剂;将该新型吸附剂用于磁性固相萃取(MSPE),并与火焰原子吸收光谱检测联用分析水样中的Cr3+;优化了样品的pH、洗脱条件和超声时间等影响MSPE萃取效率的参数.结果表明,在优化的测试条件下,该方法的检出限(3σ)为1.7μg·L-1,相对标准偏差为2.1%,富集倍数为15.9,可用于测定合成水样中的Cr3+.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水产品中13种磺酰脲类除草剂残留量

建立了水产品中13种磺酰脲类除草剂的固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(SPE-UPLC-MS/MS)检测分析方法。鲤鱼、南美白对虾、中华绒鳌蟹、文蛤和海参的可食部分经均质制成样品,样品采用乙酸乙酯提取、MAX固相萃取柱净化,在超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱仪多反应监测模式下测定,外标法定量。13种目标物在5.0~100.0μg/L浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数均大于0.995,检出限为1.0μg/kg,定量限为2.0μg/kg,加标回收率在75.4%~118.3%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.1%~14.5%。对养殖草鱼、鲤鱼、海参、南美白对虾、大菱鲆及市场购买的大闸蟹进行检测,13种目标物均未检出。对暴露于含氯吡嘧磺隆1.0 mg/L水体24、48和72 h后的中华绒鳌蟹可食组织进行检测,含量分别为6.20、12.1和16.6μg/kg。本方法稳定、可靠,对于基质复杂的水产品有良好的适应性,适用于水产品中13种磺酰脲类除草剂的同时测定。     

Magnetic solid-phase extraction of sulfonylurea herbicides in environmental water samples by Fe3O4@dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride@silica magnetic particles

A magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) method coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was proposed for the determination of five sulfonylurea herbicides (bensulfuron-methyl, prosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, chlorimuron-ethyl and triflusulfuron-methyl) in environmental water samples. The magnetic adsorbent was prepared by incorporating Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles and surfactant into a silica matrix according to a sol–gel procedure, which can provide surfactant free extracts during the eluting step to avoid chromatographic interference. The prepared adsorbent was used to extract the sulfonylurea herbicides in several kinds of water samples. The main factors affecting the extraction efficiency, including desorption conditions, extraction time, sample volume, and sample solution pH were optimized. Under the optimum conditions, good linearity was obtained within the range of 0.2–50.0 μg L⁻¹ for all analytes, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.9993 to 0.9999. The enrichment factors were between 1200 and 1410, and the limits of detection were between 0.078 and 0.10 μg L⁻¹. The proposed method was successfully applied in the analysis of sulfonylurea herbicides in environmental samples (tap, reservoir, river, and rice field). The recoveries of the method ranged between 80.4% and 107.1%. This study reported for the first time the use of MSPE procedure in the preconcentration of sulfonylurea herbicides in environmental samples. The procedure proved to be efficient, environmentally friendly, and fast.     

Ionic‐liquid‐functionalized magnetic particles as an adsorbent for the magnetic SPE of sulfonylurea herbicides in environmental water samples

In this paper, a new ionic‐liquid‐functionalized magnetic material was prepared based on the immobilization of an ionic liquid on silica magnetic particles that could be successfully used as an adsorbent for the magnetic SPE of five sulfonylurea herbicides (bensulfuron‐methyl, prosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron‐ethyl, chlorimuron‐ethyl and triflusulfuron‐methyl) from environmental water samples. The main parameters affecting the extraction efficiency such as desorption conditions, sample pH, extraction time and so on, were optimized using the Taguchi method. Good linearities were obtained with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.9992 to 0.9999 in the concentration range of 0.1–50 μg L^?1 and the LODs were 0.053–0.091 μg L^?1. Under the optimum conditions, the enrichment factors of the method were 1155–1380 and the recoveries ranged from 77.8 to 104.4%. The proposed method was reliable and could be applied to the residue analysis of sulfonylurea herbicides in environmental water samples (tap, reservoir and river).     

磁性氧化石墨烯固相萃取/高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定环境水样中6种三嗪类除草剂残留

采用一步合成法制备磁性氧化石墨烯材料(GO-Fe_3O_4),将其用作磁性固相吸附剂对环境水样中的6种三嗪类除草剂进行萃取和富集,并与高效液相色谱-串联质谱法相结合进行测定。以扫描电镜和傅立叶红外光谱对合成材料进行了表征,并考察了GO-Fe_3O_4用量、萃取时间、水样的pH值及离子强度和解吸条件等因素对萃取效率的影响。6种三嗪类除草剂的检出限为0.1~1.0 ng/L,富集倍数可达616~902倍。将方法应用于苏州地区太湖水、运河水和护城河水等实际水样的分析,加标回收率为85.4%~117.6%,相对标准偏差为1.2%~10.0%。该方法操作简单快速,富集倍数较高,检出限低,可用于水样中痕量三嗪类除草剂残留的检测。     

Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography-DAD detection for the determination of sulfonylurea herbicides in water samples

A new method for the determination of four sulfonylurea herbicides (metsulfuron-methyl, chlorsulfuron, bensulfuron-methyl and chlorimuron-ethyl) in water samples was developed by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction coupled with high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector. Parameters that affect the extraction efficiency, such as the kind and volume of the extraction and disperser solvent, extraction time and salt addition, were investigated and optimised. Under the optimum conditions, the enrichment factors were in the range between 102 and 216. The linearity of the method was obtained in the range of 1.0–100 ng mL^?1 with the correlation coefficients (r) ranging from 0.9982 to 0.9995. The method detection limits were 0.2–0.3 ng mL^?1. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the analysis of target sulfonylurea herbicides in river, stream and well water samples with satisfactory results.     

共价有机框架材料磁固相萃取-高效液相色谱法分析环境水体中对羟基苯甲酸酯

建立了一种基于共价有机框架材料的磁固相萃取-高效液相色谱方法,用于环境水样中对羟基苯甲酸酯的快速灵敏分析。首先以Fe₃O₄纳米粒子为磁核,通过1,3,5-苯三甲醛(Tb)和联苯胺(Bd)在室温下的席夫碱反应合成了磁性共价有机框架材料——Fe₃O₄@TbBd,通过扫描电镜、热重分析、X射线衍射和振动样品磁强计等表征手段证明了该磁性共价有机框架材料具有良好的热稳定性和化学稳定性,且磁响应强度较大,是用于磁固相萃取的理想材料。随后系统研究了影响萃取效率的因素,包括吸附剂用量、萃取时间、pH、解吸溶剂、解吸时间和解吸次数,建立了基于Fe₃O₄@TbBd的磁固相萃取-高效液相色谱测定环境水样中4种对羟基苯甲酸酯的方法。方法的线性范围良好,4种目标物的检出限和定量限范围分别为0.2~0.4 μg/L和0.7~1.4 μg/L,加标回收率为86.1%~110.8%,日内和日间精密度的相对标准偏差(RSD)分别低于5.5%和4.9%。最后将该方法应用于东湖水、长江水和生活废水中对羟基苯甲酸酯的测定,不同加标水平下对羟基苯甲酸酯的回收率在80.7%~117.5%之间,RSD在0.2%~8.8%之间。该方法操作简单,萃取时间短,灵敏度较高且对环境友好,在环境水样中对羟基苯甲酸酯的检测方面有良好的应用潜力。     

Determination of sulfonylurea herbicides in water using solid-phase extraction followed by liquid chromatography with electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry

A method has been developed for confirmation and quantitation of ten sulfonylurea herbicides (nicosufuron, thifensulfuron-methyl, metsulfuron-methyl, sulfometuron-methyl, chlorsulfuron, ethametsulfuron-methyl, tribenuron, bensulfuron-methyl, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl and chlorimuron-ethyl) in water samples. Herbicides were extracted from water by off-line solid-phase extraction (SPE). Different types of absorbents were evaluated: silica-based ODS-C₁₈ and two polymeric sorbents, Cleanert HXN and Oasis HLB. Analyte determination and quantitation was performed by liquid chromatography with electrospray mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) instrumentation, equipped with ion trap mass filter. Confirmatory analysis was carried out by LC/MS/MS. MS data acquisition was performed by a single or two-ion extracted ion monitoring program. The ten herbicides were measured in fortified tap water. Average recoveries of the nine analytes (except for tribenuron) from water samples were in the range of 77–109%, and the RSD ranged from 0.3 to 14.5%. The limit of detections (LODs) varied from 6 to 34.8 ng/L.     

Amino functionalized magnetic covalent organic framework for magnetic solid-phase extraction of sulfonylurea herbicides in environmental samples from tobacco land

An amino-functionalized magnetic covalent organic framework composite TpBD-(NH₂)₂@Fe₃O₄ (Tp=Tp1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol, BD-(NH₂)₂ is 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetramine) was prepared by post-synthesis modification. Due to its abundant benzene rings and amino groups, large specific surface area and porous structure, the prepared TpBD-(NH₂)₂@Fe₃O₄ exhibits high extraction efficiency toward sulfonylurea herbicides. Based on this, a new method of magnetic solid-phase extraction with TpBD-(NH₂)₂@Fe₃O₄ as the sorbent combined with high-performance liquid chromatography and ultraviolet detection was developed for trace analysis of sulfonylurea herbicides in environmental water, soil and tobacco leaves samples from tobacco land. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection within 0.05–0.14 μg/L were achieved with a high enrichment factor of 217-260-fold, and the relative standard deviations were 4.9–7.5% (n = 7, c = 0.5 μg/L). The linear range was around three orders of magnitude with the square of correlation coefficient higher than 0.9936. The method was applied to analyze five sulfonylurea herbicides in the environmental water, soil, and tobacco leave samples collected from tobacco land. No sulfonylurea herbicides were detected in these samples. The recoveries of target sulfonylurea herbicides in spiked environmental water, soil, and tobacco leaf samples were found in the range of 90.7–104, 70.7–99.0, and 59.3–97.8%, respectively. The results illustrate that the established TpBD-(NH₂)₂@Fe₃O₄-magnetic solid-phase extraction- high-performance liquid chromatography–ultraviolet detection method is efficient for the analysis of trace sulfonylurea herbicides in environmental samples.