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铟锡氧化物纳米粉体的低温溶剂热法制备 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
以氯化铟和氯化锡为原料,氨水为沉淀剂,先用化学沉淀法制备了前驱体,然后将该前驱体以乙二醇为溶剂在聚四氟乙烯内衬的反应釜中于低至190 ℃下反应,获得了铟锡氧化物(ITO)纳米粉体。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)及纳米粒度仪Zetasizer Nano-ZS对在不同温度、不同时间下反应的所得的ITO纳米粉体进行了表面形貌、结构和粒度分布等分析。结果表明,制备的ITO纳米粉体为立方晶相,粉体的平均颗粒小于100 nm;与已有的ITO纳米粉体制备方法相比,本溶剂热法制备过程无需高温烧结、流程简单,反应过程所需的温度可低至190 ℃,是迄今为止文献报导制备ITO的最低温度,同时所得产物纯度高、粒度均匀、分散性很好。 相似文献
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分别采用水热法和溶胶-凝胶法制备了TiO2纳米粉体;利用X射线衍射仪和扫描电镜分析了两种方法制备的TiO2粉体的形貌和晶体结构,并测定了纳米TiO2粉体对罗丹明B的光催化降解活性.结果表明:采用水热法制备的TiO2纳米粉体含有锐钛矿相和金红石相,粒径较小,大约为50nm,而且分散均匀,光催化性能良好;采用溶胶-凝胶法制备的TiO2粉体经过550℃煅烧后仍然为锐钛矿相,而且粒径较大,大约为80nm. 相似文献
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微波诱导等离子体合成纳米α-Fe-氧化铁-碳化铁粉料 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
微波诱导等离子体合成纳米α-Fe-氧化铁-碳化铁粉料刘洪波(广东石油化工高等专科学校广东茂名525000)关键词微波诱导等离子体纳米微晶α-Fe氧化铁碳化铁中图分类号O614.811近年来,纳米粉体材料的制备和应用研究十分活跃。这是由于纳米粉料(又称... 相似文献
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采用四甲基氢氧化铵(TMAH)作为分散剂,利用沉降法、ξ电位、粒度分析、TEM等研究了TiN纳米粉体在水介质中的分散稳定机制,探讨了pH值和分散剂对纳米颗粒分散行为的影响。结果表明:TiN纳米粉体的分散行为遵循静电稳定机制,pH值对TiN纳米粉体的分散性和稳定性有较大影响,在pH=8处TiN纳米粉体有较好的分散效果。有机阳离子型分散剂TMAH能在TiN纳米颗粒表面形成特征吸附,并通过静电作用和空间位阻作用提高TiN纳米颗粒的分散性。在pH=8、TMAH加入量为0.75wt%的条件下,TiN纳米粉体获得无团聚的最佳分散状态,悬浮液稳定时间可达1个月。 相似文献
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与普通大颗粒Fe2O3相比,纳米尺寸Fe2O3粉体因具有表面效应,小尺寸效应和宏观量子隧道效应而具有奇特的物理和化学性能,从而在磁性、气敏、催化、染料、抗腐蚀等领域显示出广阔的应用前景,所以纳米Fe2O3的制备方法倍受关注[1-3]。尽管不少学者采用溶胶-凝胶法、电化学合成法、微波辐射法、燃烧合成法、水热法等[4-8]方法成功合成出了高质量的Fe2O3纳米粉体,然而探索如何获得尺寸可控、高纯度、高分散和稳定均一的Fe2O3纳米粉体仍然是材料科学领域的目标之一。近年来,超声波应用于纳米材料的合成领域己取得了可喜的进展,并引起了材料科学… 相似文献
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TiO2-yNx纳米光催化剂的制备及其可见光响应机理 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
利用溶胶-凝胶技术,以尿素为氮源,采用原位掺杂方式制备了TiO2-yNx纳米粉体;以亚甲基蓝(MB)溶液在可见光下的光催化降解评价其可见光催化活性;考察了体系初始pH值、N的掺杂量和焙烧温度对样品可见光催化活性的影响。 结合XRD、XPS、ESR和DRS测试技术,研究了N掺杂纳米TiO2的可见光响应机理。 研究结果表明,TiO2-yNx纳米粉体的优化制备工艺条件为:体系初始pH=0.52,掺杂比n(N)∶n(Ti)=1∶6,焙烧温度为440 ℃。 此条件下制备的样品N含量为0.77%,为单一的锐钛矿相,平均粒径为19.0 nm,具有良好的可见光催化活性。 N掺杂导致TiO2纳米粉体的表面羟基含量增加,形成了大量束缚单电子的氧空位;N取代晶格O形成了N-Ti-O和O-N-Ti键合结构。 N掺杂导致TiO2纳米粒子的吸收带边红移,对可见光的吸收能力明显增强,这表明N掺杂改变TiO2电子结构,使带隙窄化,降低光响应阈值。 N掺杂TiO2纳米粒子的可见光响应归因于N取代掺杂形成的掺杂能级与氧空位形成的缺陷能级共同作用所致。 相似文献
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以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)溶胶/钛酸正丁酯为前躯体,以静电纺丝法制备了PVP/Ti(OC4H9)4纤维。550℃下,空气氛中焙烧双组分纤维,得到直径60~300nm的TiO2纳米纤维。继而以气相沉积法制得碳包覆TiO2纳米纤维。用红外吸收光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)等对纳米纤维进行了表征。与TiO2纳米纤维、TiO2纳米粉体相比,气相沉积法制备的碳包覆TiO2纳米纤维在光分解亚甲基蓝上表现出更好的催化性能。 相似文献
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以Y2O3粗粉、Nd2O3、硝酸和氨水为原料,通过共沉淀法制备了Nd∶Y2O3透明陶瓷纳米粉体,利用热重/差热分析(TG/DTA)、红外光谱(FTIR)、粉末X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)以及能谱分析(EDS)等方法对合成的Nd∶Y2O3纳米粉体进行了表征。结果表明,在前驱物中添加适量SO4^2-离子能减轻煅烧得到的Nd∶Y2O3纳米粉体粒子的团聚,使Nd∶Y2O3纳米粒子的粒度均匀并呈球形分布。在600~1000℃煅烧3 h所得粉体粒子的粒径在20~40 nm之间,具有较好的分散性。 相似文献
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AIN纳米微粉的微波合成 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Nanometer aluminum nitride powder with purity higher than 98wt% and diameter in the range of 5-80nm has been obtained by microwave heating using α-Al2O3、Al(OH)3、 colloidal Al(OH)3 as the source for aluminum, and phenolformaldehyde resin, char, nanometer carbon black powder as the source for carbon, respectively. The effect of the type of starting materials and synthesis conditions on the purity and the size of the nanometer AlN powder has been analyzed in this paper. 相似文献
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Hydrothermally assisted complex polymerization method for barium strontium titanate powder synthesis
Jovana Ćirković Katarina Vojisavljević Maja Šćepanović Aleksander Rečnik Goran Branković Zorica Branković Tatjana Srećković 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2013,65(2):121-129
Barium strontium titanate was obtained by hydrothermal treatment of barium strontium titanate citric precursor solution, previously prepared by complex polymerization method. The thermally induced phase evolution was followed at various temperatures up to 800 °C using thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, and Raman spectroscopy. Microstructural characterization of barium strontium titanate powders was performed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The proposed synthesis route has been proven as a better and faster method for barium strontium titanate powder preparation as compared to the conventional complex polymerization route. The method was found efficient for production of low agglomerated, fine, nanosized barium strontium titanate powder with well defined stoichiometry, and sub-micron particle size. The results of structural and microstructural characterization showed the complete crystallization of carbonate-free barium strontium titanate powder at 700 °C with an average size of crystallites below 50 nm. 相似文献
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Both whisker and nanometer MgSO4·5Mg(OH)2·3H2O(MOS) were prepared by hydrothermal method at 140℃ for different times, using NaOH and MgSO4·7H2O as raw materials. The MgSO4·5Mg(OH)2·3H2O part- icles were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction(XRD),thermal analysis(TGA-DSC), infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),transmission electron microscopy(SEM) and scanning electron microscopy(TEM). The size distribution in whisker-like and nanocrystalline materials are in the range of 10~50μm and 10~20nm respectively. The whisker MOS is metastable phase in MgSO4-NaOH-H2O system at 140℃,whereas nanometer MOS is stable phase. 相似文献
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0IntroductionWhiskerswithhighaspectratiohavebeenexten-sivelyusedascompositematerialsinalloys,ceramics,cementandplastic犤1~5犦,sincetheyhavespecificdesirepropertiessuchashighmeltingpoint,lowdensityandhighmodulus犤6犦.Magnesiumoxysulfate(MOS)com-poundshowsthehighcrystallinityandaspectratiotomakeitapotentialreinforcingmaterialforplastics,resinandrubber犤7,8犦.Inpastyears,MgSO4·5Mg(OH)2·3H2Ohasbeensynthesizedbyhydrothermalreactionusingmagnesiumhydroxideandmagnesium… 相似文献
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碳化硅纳米晶须的微波合成 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
SiC nanometer whisker, whose diameter was about 50nm and purity was 98.54%, was synthesized by microwave heating in an atmosphere of argon. Char pyrolyzed phenolformaldehyde resin and SiO2 nanometer powder were used as starting materials. The properties of the whisker were determined by XRD and TEM. The mechanism for synthesizing SiC nanometer whisker was discussed. 相似文献
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Robert B. Grubbs 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2005,43(19):4323-4336
The combination of metals and polymers in hybrid materials is a research area of great current interest. A number of methods for controlling the positioning of metallic species within polymer matrices on the nanometer scale have been developed. This highlight focuses on the use of functional block copolymers for the localization of metal species, especially nanoparticles, on the nanometer scale through block copolymer phase segregation. Research from the author's group on the use of alkyne‐functional block copolymers for the preparation of cobalt‐containing materials is discussed in this context. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 4323–4336, 2005 相似文献