磁性Y-MOF@SiO_2@Fe_3O_4催化剂的制备及其在Aza-Micheal加成反应中的性能（英文）

在磁性SiO_2@Fe_3O_4纳米微球表面原位合成包覆不同含量的Y-MOF,从而制备出新型磁性Y-MOF@SiO_2@Fe_3O_4催化剂。采用XRD、TEM、FT-IR、VSM和N_2吸附-脱附测试等手段对催化剂的结构进行表征,并且评价了催化剂对苯胺和丙烯酸甲酯的Aza-Micheal加成反应性能。结果表明Y-MOF能均匀包覆在磁性SiO_2@Fe_3O_4纳米微球表面,形成具有核壳结构的磁性YMOF@SiO_2@Fe_3O_4催化剂,催化剂具有良好的超顺磁性。Y-MOF含量为43.3%(w/w)的Y-MOF@SiO_2@Fe_3O_4催化剂,在苯胺和丙烯酸甲酯的Aza-Micheal加成反应表现出最好的催化性能,丙烯酸甲酯的转化率为88.3%时,N-(β-甲氧碳酰乙基)苯胺的选择性可达99.8%。反应后的催化剂可以通过外磁场容易回收,并且重复使用5次其转化率和选择性没有明显下降。     

Ni/SiO2-Al2O3催化乙酰丙酸加氢制γ-戊内酯

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了一系列不同Al₂O₃含量的SiO₂-Al₂O₃复合氧化物,以该系列复合氧化物为载体,采用等体积浸渍法制备了Ni负载量15%（重量百分比）的催化剂,用于催化乙酰丙酸加氢制γ-戊内酯.采用N₂物理吸附、X射线衍射（XRD）、H₂程序升温还原（H₂-TPR）、H₂程序升温脱附（H₂-TPD）、NH₃程序升温脱附（NH₃-TPD）和吡啶吸附红外（Py-IR）等手段对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,不同载体催化剂的活性组分分散度及表面酸性质存在明显差异,显著影响了催化剂吸附、活化H₂与C=O键的能力,进而影响了催化剂的乙酰丙酸加氢活性.其中,Ni/SiO₂-Al₂O₃催化剂上的L酸中心能够促进C=O键的吸附、活化,与金属Ni上的H₂吸附活性位协同作用,大大提高了乙酰丙酸加氢活性.因此,具有最多L酸中心和丰富H₂吸附活性位的Ni/SiO₂-8Al₂O₃催化剂表现出最高的乙酰丙酸加氢活性,在180℃、4 MPa氢气压力下,乙酰丙酸转化率达到90.5%,目标产物γ-戊内酯选择性为100%.     

g-C3N4/CaTi2O5复合材料制备及其光催化性能

利用类石墨氮化碳（g-C₃N₄）和亚稳相钙钛氧化物（CaTi₂O₅）固相法制备C₃N₄/CaTi₂O₅复合材料。利用X射线衍射（XRD）、金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）及附带能谱分析仪（EDS）和N₂吸附-脱附对样品的显微结构和比表面积进行检测分析,并用紫外-可见吸收光度计（UV-Vis）测试了样品的光吸收性能,研究C₃N₄与CaTi₂O₅物质的量之比（n_C3N4/nCaTi₂O₅）对C₃N₄/CaTi₂O₅复合样品的物相结构和微观形貌的影响,同时考察C₃N₄/CaTi₂O₅复合样品在可见光照射下光催化降解罗丹明染料效果。实验结果表明：相比纯C₃N₄和CaTi₂O₅样品,C₃N₄/CaTi₂O₅复合样品在可见光下具有较高的光催化性能,随着n_C3N4/nCaTi₂O₅增加,样品的光催化降解率随之增加而后降低,当n_C3N4/nCaTi₂O₅=1：1时,样品的光催化降解率达到最大值99.5%,并且循环重复利用5次后,样品的光催化剂降解率仍几乎保持不变。复合样品光催化性能提高主要归因于复合能级结构有效地抑制了电子和空穴复合所致。     

Fe3O4@SiO2@mTiO2介孔多功能纳米复合颗粒的制备及载药能力

以溶剂热法制备氨基功能化的Fe₃O₄纳米颗粒为磁核,结合溶胶-凝胶法和模板法在其表面先后包覆上致密的SiO₂层和介孔TiO₂层,制备了磁性-发光-微波热转换性-介孔结构为一体的多功能核-壳结构纳米复合颗粒,并对其结构、性能及载药能力进行了研究。XRD分析表明:Fe₃O₄表面包覆上了无定形结构的SiO₂和TiO₂。TEM照片表明:所得的纳米复合颗粒具有明显的核壳结构和完美的球形,构成核的Fe₃O₄颗粒的尺寸在40~50 nm之间,Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@mTiO₂核壳结构纳米复合颗粒的尺寸为60~70 nm,壳层厚度约10 nm,并可观察到壳层中清晰的孔状结构。磁性、荧光光谱和微波热转换特性分析表明:该复合颗粒同时具有良好的发光性、磁性和微波热转换特性。N₂气吸附及药物负载率分析表明,该复合颗粒具有较高的比表面积(640 m²·g^-1)和介孔结构(孔径约2.8 nm)并且具有较高的药物负载率。     

SiO2/Co3O4核壳催化剂对AP热分解的催化性能研究

采用改良的Stöber法制备粒径约为200 nm的单分散球形SiO₂颗粒,以此为内核,分别通过液相沉淀法和尿素均匀沉淀法制备包覆形式不同的新型SiO₂/Co₃O₄核壳式纳米催化剂。采用X-射线衍射分析(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、红外光谱分析(IR)、拉曼光谱分析(Raman)、BET比表面积测试等手段对产物进行表征,利用差式扫描量热仪(DSC)考察SiO₂/Co₃O₄复合物对高氯酸铵(AP)热分解反应的催化作用,探讨不同包覆形式对其催化活性的影响。结果表明,两种方法制备得到的SiO₂/Co₃O₄复合物分别为层包覆和粒子包覆,比表面积大,具有明显的核壳结构,且粒子包覆形式的SiO₂/Co₃O₄对AP热分解反应的催化效果最好,使AP的高温分解温度降低了110 ℃,放热量增加了662 J·g^-1。     

面向异丁烷脱氢介孔γ-Al2O3基催化剂的合成及其高催化性能

采用溶剂蒸发自组装法调控载体形貌及孔道结构,成功制备了有序介孔氧化铝载体。以铬氧物种为活性组分,碱金属钾为助剂,采用浸渍法制备负载型催化剂,用于异丁烷催化脱氢反应,研究了反应温度、原料流速、催化剂粒径等因素对催化性能的影响。采用X射线粉末衍射、透射电子显微镜、N₂物理吸附、氢气程序升温还原及热重等表征方法探讨了载体形貌、孔道结构与催化性能的构效关系,结果表明,低温下有利于控制异丙醇铝的水解和缩合及介孔γ-Al₂O₃的研制。与常规的γ-Al₂O₃相比,所制备的介孔γ-Al₂O₃的有更大的比表面积和良好的有序性,在600℃、101.325kPa、GHSV=1 000 h^-1的条件下,10%（w/w）Cr₂O₃/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂性能最佳,异丁烷的转化率达63.1%,异丁烯的选择性达到85.5%。与传统的催化剂相比,介孔Cr₂O₃/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂具有大的比表面积,高度分散的活性组分,优良的催化性能和良好的抗积碳能力。     

ZrO4/SiO2-Al2O3催化肉桂醛MPV转移加氢性能

以九水合硝酸铝（Al（NO₃）₃·9H₂O）与正硅酸乙酯（TEOS）为前驱盐,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备一系列不同Al₂O₃含量的SiO₂-Al₂O₃复合氧化物,并通过浸渍硝酸氧锆引入ZrO₂,制备ZrO₂/SiO₂-Al₂O₃复合氧化物催化剂,考察催化剂在肉桂醛（CAL）MPV转移加氢中的催化性能,并结合N₂物理吸附、X射线粉末衍射（XRD）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、NH₃-程度升温脱附（NH₃-TPD）、Py-原位红外（Py-IR）等技术,研究催化剂结构、织构以及表面性质与其催化性能间的构效关系.研究表明,所制备的催化剂均以L酸为主,并含有少量B酸中心,这使得加氢产物以肉桂醇（COL）为主,并含有少量1-苯丙烯-2-丙基醚（CPE）.Al₂O₃含量不仅影响催化剂表面的酸中心数量,而且对催化剂的织构参数有较大影响.随Al₂O₃含量的增加,催化剂表面L酸与B酸中心均有所增加,而孔径则持续变小,这使得催化反应呈现CAL转化率先增加后减少、目标产物COL选择性先稍有减小后有所增加的趋势.在Si/Al比为2时,催化剂具有最优的催化性能,优化反应条件下,CAL转化率达96%,目标产物COL选择性达90%.     

Ag-Pd/g-C3N4的制备及在水溶液中选择性氧化苯甲醇

采用硼氢化钠还原法在g-C₃N₄的表面负载Ag和Pd纳米颗粒制备Ag/g-C₃N₄、Pd/g-C₃N₄、Ag-Pd/g-C₃N₄光催化剂.采用能谱仪、X射线衍射、高分辨透射电子显微镜等技术对样品进行表征.结果显示,Ag-Pd/g-C₃N₄复合材料中C、N、Ag和Pd元素的质量百分数分别为22.718%、59.966%、9.132%和8.184%.Ag和Pd纳米颗粒负载在g-C₃N₄表面可提高材料在可见光区域的吸收以及提高苯甲醇的转化率,生成苯甲醛的选择性为85.6%.     

Fe3O4@SiO2@polymer复合粒子的制备及在药物控制释放中的应用

本文通过多步反应制备了一种新型的、多层结构的、多功能的磁性纳米复合粒子, (Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@polymer). 纳米复合粒子内核是磁性Fe₃O₄纳米粒子, SiO₂包裹在Fe₃O₄上能够使其稳定分散和保护其不被腐蚀氧化; 中间层是生物相容的聚天冬氨酸(PAsp)载药层; 最外层是亲水的聚乙二醇(PEG)稳定层. 磁性纳米复合粒子各层都是生物相容的, 利用静电作用将抗癌药物阿霉素(DOX)负载在磁性纳米复合粒子中, 通过PAsp的pH响应调节了DOX的释放速率.     

CuO/TiO2/γ-Al2O3催化剂表征及对NO+CO反应性能研究

采用色谱-微反流动法反应装置考察了w%CuO/15%TiO₂/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂对NO+CO的反应活性;催化剂经空气氛或氢气氛预处理后,NO转化率达100%的反应温度分别是325和275 ℃;XRD仅能检测到γ-Al₂O₃晶相,负载15%CuO后可以检测到微弱的CuO晶相;H₂-TPR能检测到2个CuO的还原峰(α和β峰),将其归属于高度分散的CuO分别在裸露的γ-Al₂O₃和TiO₂/γ-Al₂O₃载体上的还原;原位红外分析结果表明催化剂经空气氛或氢气氛预处理后,吸附NO+CO反应气后,反应的中间产物N₂O出现的温度分别为200和150 ℃。     

Sol-gel synthesis of K3InF6 and structural characterization of K2InC10O10H6F9, K3InC12O14H4F18 and K3InC12O12F18

K₃InF₆ is synthesized by a sol-gel route starting from indium and potassium acetates dissolved in isopropanol in the stoichiometry 1:3, with trifluoroacetic acid as fluorinating agent. The crystal structures of the organic precursors were solved by X-ray diffraction methods on single crystals. Three organic compounds were isolated and identified: K₂InC₁₀O₁₀H₆F₉, K₃InC₁₂O₁₄H₄F₁₈ and K₃InC₁₂O₁₂F₁₈. The first one, deficient in potassium in comparison with the initial stoichiometry, is unstable. In its crystal structure, acetate as well as trifluoroacetate anions are coordinated to the indium atom. The two other precursors are obtained, respectively, by quick and slow evaporation of the solution. They correspond to the final organic compounds, which give K₃InF₆ by decomposition at high temperature. The crystal structure of K₃InC₁₂O₁₄H₄F₁₈ is characterized by complex anions [In(CF₃COO)₄(OH_x)₂]^(5−2x)− and isolated [CF₃COOH_2−x]^(x−1)− molecules with x=2 or 1, surrounded by K⁺ cations. The crystal structure of K₃InC₁₂O₁₂F₁₈ is only constituted by complex anions [In(CF₃COO)₆]³⁻ and K⁺ cations. For all these compounds, potassium cations ensure only the electroneutrality of the structure. IR spectra of K₂InC₁₀O₁₀H₆F₉ and K₃InC₁₂O₁₂F₁₈ were also performed at room temperature on pulverized crystals.     

Li2O-TiO2-SiO2-P2O5和Li2O-TiO2-Al2O3-P2O5体系锂离子固体电解质的制备及性能研究

一些具有NASICON型网格结构的固体电解质具有高的电导率和好的稳定性,NASICON的意思是Na Super Ionic Conductor[1]。当NaZr2(PO4)3中P5 被Si4 部分取代时便可以得到具有NASICON结构的Na1 xZr2SixP3-xO12体系,其具有高的钠离子电导率。然而有相同结构的Li1 xZr2SixP3-xO12体系的离子电导率却很低,这是因为Li 半径太小,而NASICON三维网格结构的离子通道太大,两者不匹配而使电导率下降[2]。但当LiZr2(PO4)3中Zr4 被离子半径小些的Ti4 取代,所得LiTi2(PO4)3的通道就与Li 半径相匹配,适合于锂离子的迁移,从而使其电导率…     

Non-centrosymmetric Ba3Ti3O6(BO3)2

The compound previously reported as Ba₂Ti₂B₂O₉ has been reformulated as Ba₃Ti₃B₂O₁₂, or Ba₃Ti₃O₆(BO₃)₂, a new barium titanium oxoborate. Small single crystals have been recovered from a melt with a composition of BaTiO₃:BaTiB₂O₆ (molar ratio) cooled between 1100°C and 850°C. The crystal structure has been determined by X-ray diffraction: hexagonal system, non-centrosymmetric space group, a=8.7377(11) Å, c=3.9147(8) Å, Z=1, wR(F²)=0.039 for 504 unique reflections. Ba₃Ti₃O₆(BO₃)₂ is isostructural with K₃Ta₃O₆(BO₃)₂. Preliminary measurements of nonlinear optical properties on microcrystalline samples show that the second harmonic generation efficiency of Ba₃Ti₃O₆(BO₃)₂ is equal to 95% of that of LiNbO₃.     

Ion-beam irradiation of lanthanum compounds in the systems La2O3-Al2O3 and La2O3-TiO2

Thin crystals of La₂O₃, LaAlO₃, La_2/3TiO₃, La₂TiO₅, and La₂Ti₂O₇ have been irradiated in situ using 1 MeV Kr²⁺ ions at the Intermediate Voltage Electron Microscope-Tandem User Facility (IVEM-Tandem), Argonne National Laboratory (ANL). We observed that La₂O₃ remained crystalline to a fluence greater than 3.1×10¹⁶ ions cm⁻² at a temperature of 50 K. The four binary oxide compounds in the two systems were observed through the crystalline-amorphous transition as a function of ion fluence and temperature. Results from the ion irradiations give critical temperatures for amorphisation (T_c) of 647 K for LaAlO₃, 840 K for La₂Ti₂O₇, 865 K for La_2/3TiO₃, and 1027 K for La₂TiO₅. The T_c values observed in this study, together with previous data for Al₂O₃ and TiO₂, are discussed with reference to the melting points for the La₂O₃-Al₂O₃ and La₂O₃-TiO₂ systems and the different local environments within the four crystal structures. Results suggest that there is an observable inverse correlation between T_c and melting temperature (T_m) in the two systems. More complex relationships exist between T_c and crystal structure, with the stoichiometric perovskite LaAlO₃ being the most resistant to amorphisation.     

Synthesis, crystal structure, infrared and Raman spectra of Sr4Cu3(AsO4)2(AsO3OH)4·3H2O and Ba2Cu4(AsO4)2(AsO3OH)3

The two new compounds, Sr₄Cu₃(AsO₄)₂(AsO₃OH)₄·3H₂O (1) and Ba₂Cu₄(AsO₄)₂(AsO₃OH)₃(2), were synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. They represent previously unknown structure types and are the first compounds synthesized in the systems SrO/BaO-CuO-As₂O₅-H₂O. Their crystal structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction [space group C2/c, a=18.536(4) Å, b=5.179(1) Å, c=24.898(5) Å, β=93.67(3)°, V=2344.0(8) Å³, Z=4 for 1; space group P4₂/n, a=7.775(1) Å, c=13.698(3) Å, V=828.1(2) Å³, Z=2 for 2]. The crystal structure of 1 is related to a group of compounds formed by Cu²⁺-(XO₄)³⁻ layers (X=P⁵⁺, As⁵⁺) linked by M cations (M=alkali, alkaline earth, Pb²⁺, or Ag⁺) and partly by hydrogen bonds. In 1, worth mentioning is the very short hydrogen bond length, D···A=2.477(3) Å. It is one of the examples of extremely short hydrogen bonds, where the donor and acceptor are crystallographically different. Compound 2 represents a layered structure consisting of Cu₂O₈ centrosymmetric dimers crosslinked by As1φ₄ tetrahedra, where φ is O or OH, which are interconnected by Ba, As2 and hydrogen bonds to form a three-dimensional network. The layers are formed by Cu₂O₈ centrosymmetric dimers of CuO₅ edge-sharing polyhedra, crosslinked by As1O₄ tetrahedra. Vibrational spectra (FTIR and Raman) of both compounds are described. The spectroscopic manifestation of the very short hydrogen bond in 1, and ABC-like spectra in 2 were discussed.     

A new 2212-type stair like structure: Bi14Sr21Fe12O61, m=5 member of the generic [Bi2Sr3Fe2O9]m[Bi4Sr6Fe2O16] family

A new oxide, Bi₁₄Sr₂₁Fe₁₂O_61, with a layered structure derived from the 2212 modulated type structure Bi₂Sr₃Fe₂O₉, was isolated. It crystallizes in the I2 space group, with the following parameters: a=16.58(3) Å, b=5.496(1) Å, c=35.27(2) Å and β=90.62°. The single crystal X-ray structure determination, coupled with electron microscopy, shows that this ferrite is the m=5 member of the [Bi₂Sr₃Fe₂O₉]_m[Bi₄Sr₆Fe₂O₁₆] collapsed family. This new collapsed structure can be described as slices of 2212 structure of five bismuth polyhedra thick along , shifted with respect to each other and interconnected by means of [Bi₄Sr₆Fe₂O₁₆] slices. The latter are the place of numerous defects like iron or strontium for bismuth substitution; they can be correlated to intergrowth defects with other members of the family.     

Raman scattering investigations on lanthanum-doped Bi4Ti3O12-SrBi4Ti4O15 intergrowth ferroelectrics

The ferroelectric ceramics of Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂, SrBi₄Ti₄O₁₅, and lanthanum-doped Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂-SrBi₄Ti₄O₁₅ were synthesized, and their Raman spectra were investigated. La-doping resulted in the enlargement of remnant polarization of Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂-SrBi₄Ti₄O₁₅. The structure of the Bi₂O₂ layers and TiO₆ octahedra of the intergrowth was found to be different from those of Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ and SrBi₄Ti₄O₁₅. La³⁺ ions exhibit pronounced selectivity for the occupation of A site as La content is lower than 0.50, and tend to be incorporated into Bi₂O₂ layers when the La content is higher than 0.50. Lanthanum substitution brings about the structural phase transition in Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂-SrBi₄Ti₄O₁₅. The variation of ferroelectric property may be attributed to combined contribution from the decreasing of the oxygen vacancies, the relaxation of the lattice distortion, the destroying of the insulation and the space charge compensation effects of the Bi₂O₂ slabs.     

g-C_3N_4/CaTi_2O_5复合材料制备及其光催化性能

利用类石墨氮化碳(g-C_3N_4)和亚稳相钙钛氧化物(CaTi_2O_5)固相法制备C_3N_4/CaTi_2O_5复合材料。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及附带能谱分析仪(EDS)和N2吸附-脱附对样品的显微结构和比表面积进行检测分析,并用紫外-可见吸收光度计(UV-Vis)测试了样品的光吸收性能,研究C_3N_4与CaTi_2O_5物质的量之比(nC_3N_4/nCaTi_2O_5)对C_3N_4/CaTi_2O_5复合样品的物相结构和微观形貌的影响,同时考察C_3N_4/CaTi_2O_5复合样品在可见光照射下光催化降解罗丹明染料效果。实验结果表明:相比纯C_3N_4和CaTi_2O_5样品,C_3N_4/CaTi_2O_5复合样品在可见光下具有较高的光催化性能,随着nC_3N_4/nCaTi_2O_5增加,样品的光催化降解率随之增加而后降低,当nC_3N_4/nCaTi_2O_5=1∶1时,样品的光催化降解率达到最大值99.5%,并且循环重复利用5次后,样品的光催化剂降解率仍几乎保持不变。复合样品光催化性能提高主要归因于复合能级结构有效地抑制了电子和空穴复合所致。     

Magnetic diphase nanostructure of ZnFe2O4/γ-Fe2O3

Magnetic diphase nanostructures of ZnFe₂O₄/γ-Fe₂O₃ were synthesized by a solvothermal method. The formation reactions were optimized by tuning the initial molar ratios of Fe/Zn. All samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectra. It is found that when the initial molar ratio of Fe/Zn is larger than 2, a diphase magnetic nanostructure of ZnFe₂O₄/γ-Fe₂O₃ was formed, in which the presence of ZnFe₂O₄ enhanced the thermal stability of γ-Fe₂O₃. Further increasing the initial molar ratio of Fe/Zn larger than 6 destabilized the diphase nanostructure and yielded traces of secondary phase α-Fe₂O₃. The grain surfaces of diphase nanostructure exhibited a spin-glass-like structure. At room temperature, all diphase nanostructures are superparamagnetic with saturation magnetization being increased with γ-Fe₂O₃ content.     

Crystal growth, structural characterization and magnetic properties of Ca3CuRhO6, Ca3Co1.34Rh0.66O6 and Ca3FeRhO6

Single crystals of Ca₃CuRhO₆, Ca₃Co_1.34Rh_0.66O₆ and Ca₃FeRhO₆ were synthesized by high temperature flux growth in molten K₂CO₃ and structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. While Ca₃Co_1.34Rh_0.66O₆ and Ca₃FeRhO₆ crystallize with trigonal (rhombohedral) symmetry in the space group , Z=6: Ca₃Co_1.34Rh_0.66O₆a=9.161(1) Å, c=10.601(2) Å; Ca₃FeRhO₆a=9.1884(3) Å, c=10.7750(4) Å; Ca₃CuRhO₆ adopts a monoclinic distortion of the K₄CdCl₆ structure in the space group C2/c, Z=4: a=9.004(2) Å, b=9.218(2) Å, c=6.453(1) Å, β=91.672(5). All crystals of Ca₃CuRhO₆ examined were twinned by pseudo-merohedry. Ca₃CuRhO₆, Ca₃Co_1.34Rh_0.66O₆, and Ca₃FeRhO₆ are structurally related and contain infinite one-dimensional chains of alternating face-sharing RhO₆ octahedra and MO₆ trigonal prisms. In the monoclinic modification, the copper atoms are displaced from the center of the trigonal prism toward one of the rectangular faces adopting a pseudo-square planar configuration. The magnetic properties of Ca₃CuRhO₆, Ca₃Co_1.34Rh_0.66O₆, and Ca₃FeRhO₆ are discussed.