7-氮杂吲哚衍生物分子基态和激发态性质的理论研究

用从头算HF和密度泛函B3LYP方法对7-氮杂吲哚衍生物1,3-二(N-7-氮杂吲哚基)苯、1,3,5 三(N-7-氮杂吲哚基)苯和4,4′-二(N-7-氮杂吲哚基)联苯进行全优化, 计算分子的电离势IP和电子亲和势EA等相关能量, 并用ZINDO和TDDFT方法计算吸收光谱, 用CIS优化三种化合物分子的S1激发态结构, 并分析其能量与发射光谱的关系, 计算溶剂中分子的吸收和发射光谱, 并与实验结果对照. 计算结果表明, 从7-氮杂吲哚到上述三种衍生物依次愈来愈容易接受空穴, 吸收和发射光谱红移.     

Cu(OTf)_2和脯氨亚磺酰胺共同催化吲哚与N-磺酰醛亚胺的Friedel-Crafts反应

3-取代吲哚甲胺衍生物因其多种生物活性而备受关注.吲哚与N-磺酰醛亚胺的Friedel-Crafts反应是制备3-取代吲哚甲胺衍生物的主要方法,但反应中通常会伴随大量的双吲哚甲烷化合物的生成.应用Cu(OTf)_2和脯氨亚磺酰胺共同催化吲哚与N-磺酰醛亚胺的Friedel-Crafts反应,可以选择性地合成3-取代吲哚甲胺衍生物,产率为65%~93%.该方法具有底物适用性好、反应条件温和、操作简单等优点.     

缩醛与吲哚或苯并呋喃的烷基化反应

苯并呋喃衍生物和吲哚衍生物广泛存在于天然产物中,普遍具有生物活性.缩醛是被频繁使用的羰基保护基团.在TMSOTf和三甲基吡啶作用下,芳香基和烷基缩醛都可以直接与苯并呋喃或者吲哚发生烷基化反应;缩醛的两个烷氧基被苯并呋喃或者吲哚取代生成双苯并呋喃或双吲哚甲烷衍生物,与苯并呋喃相比,吲哚烷基化反应的得率较高.环状缩醛、含有氨基的缩醛和丙酮缩二甲醇也可以直接发生烷基化反应,反应条件温和.缩醛的一个烷氧基被吲哚取代的产物及其被转化为双取代产物的实验结果为反应机理提供了证据.     

基于吲哚-3-基甲醇不对称合成光学活性吲哚衍生物研究进展

吲哚-3-基甲醇在酸作用下原位生成亲电性的类乙烯基亚胺(离子)中间体,然后在手性催化剂催化下被亲核试剂进攻生成具有潜在生物活性的光学活性3-取代吲哚衍生物.综述了吲哚-3-基甲醇不对称烷基化反应、不对称还原反应以及不对称重排反应合成光学活性3-取代吲哚衍生物的研究进展.     

β-(1-取代吲哚基)-β-乙硫基-α,β-不饱和酮的有效合成

本文研究了β-(1-取代吲哚基)-β-乙硫基-α,β-不饱和酮的有效合成。研究表明,在三氟乙酸(TFA)介质中,回流条件下,α-羰基二硫缩烯酮与1-取代吲哚(摩尔比6∶5)有效发生脱硫C-C偶联反应,高产率合成β-(1-取代吲哚基)-β-乙硫基-α,β-不饱和酮。     

N-(3-吲哚甲酰基)-β-丙氨酸甲酯的结构鉴定

为研究吲哚衍生物的生理活性,对吲哚进行三氯乙酰化、并与β-丙氨酸甲酯缩合,合成了含吲哚环氨基酸甲酯.通过1H NMR,IR,MS和元素分析对产物结构进行了鉴定,确证其为N-(3-吲哚甲酰基)-β-丙氨酸甲酯.     

铯催化吲哚衍生物N-酰胺化反应制备吲哚-1-芳(烷)基甲酰胺化合物

以5.0 mol%Cs OH·H_2O作为催化剂,吲哚衍生物和芳(烷)基异氰酸酯发生N-酰胺化反应,以较高产率制备了一系列吲哚-1-芳(烷)基甲酰胺化合物.该方法对不同的吲哚衍生物和芳(烷)基异氰酸酯均具有较好的适用性,反应均能以较高的产率获得相应的目标产物.与已有方法相比,本方法具有反应条件温和、底物适用范围广、操作简便以及产率高等优点,为吲哚-1-芳(烷)基甲酰胺化合物的制备提供有效的路径.     

含噻唑骨架的吲哚衍生物的有效合成

报道了以5-氯乙酰基吲哚酮(1)为原料,在绝对乙醇为溶剂的条件下,与硫脲(取代硫脲)制备5-(2-取代氨基噻唑-4-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮类化合物2a~2k,与硫代酰胺合成5-(2-取代噻唑-4-基)二氢吲哚-2-酮类化合物2l~2q.该反应操作简便、条件温和、收率良好.所有化合物未见文献报道,其结构经红外光谱、质谱、核磁氢谱(碳谱)及元素分析确认.     

高分辨高能量碰撞解离质谱法研究3-苯硫基吲哚衍生物裂解反应机理

采用高分辨电喷雾电离-高能量碰撞解离质谱(ESI-HCD-MS/MS)技术,结合H/D交换试验和密度泛函理论计算,对3-苯硫基吲哚衍生物质子化离子的质谱裂解反应机理进行了研究。结果表明:3-苯硫基吲哚衍生物的质子化离子在高能量碰撞解离模式下,通过苯基亲核取代重排到吲哚环的C~3位上,C-S键均裂丢失巯基自由基,产生了3-(取代苯基)-吲哚自由基阳离子;通过1,2-氢负离子迁移和C~3-S键均裂丢失苯硫自由基,则产生了吲哚自由基阳离子;通过1,4-质子迁移和C~5-S键的电荷诱导异裂,产生了3-硫代吲哚阳离子。     

吲哚-2-甲酸和(S)-吲哚啉-2-甲酸的合成和相互转化研究进展

吲哚-2-甲酸和(S)-吲哚啉-2-甲酸均是具有生物活性的天然产物和众多降压药的特征结构片段,报道了它们的合成及其相互转化研究进展.吲哚啉-2-甲酸可由吲哚-2-甲酸还原制得,其中(S)-吲哚啉-2-甲酸可由外消旋体拆分或通过不对称合成法制备,其中"手性源法"作为一种新出现的方法具有较好的前景.吲哚-2-甲酸可由Fischer吲哚合成法制备,或通过取代苯胺或苯甲醛制备,也可通过吲哚啉衍生物氧化脱氢制备,其中Fischer合成法仍具有较强的竞争力.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.