La_(1-x)Ce_xFeO_3钙钛石的制备及高变催化反应性能

根据变换反应机理及钙钛石型化合物的结构特征 ,对La1-xCexFeO3钙钛石无铬高变催化剂进行了设计和制备。DTA和XRD结果表明 :采用机械混合热分解法 ,La1-xCexFeO3钙钛石可在 730～ 76 0℃时生成。活性评价及耐热实验结果表明 :当x≤ 0 5时 ,La1-xCexFeO3(.K)具有较高的热稳定性 ;当x >0 5时 ,在高温变换反应条件下 ,La1-xCexFeO3(.K)将部分或全部转化为铈氧化物和铁氧化物 ,并使催化活性显著降低 ;对于x =0 5的情况 ,在 5 30℃时 ,CO的变换率可高达 6 8%。助剂钾能显著提高低温变换活性 ,同时使高温活性略有降低 ,但对热稳定性几乎没有影响。La0 .5Ce0 .5FeO3(.K)是有开发前景的无铬高变催化剂。     

LaMnyCo1-yO3催化剂中氧状态的XPS研究

钙铁石型稀土复合氧化物因其结构和性能的多样性，作为重要的功能材料（超导体、电极材料、光学材料、催化剂等）受到普遍重视[1]ABO3型稀土复合氧化物热稳定性高·文献[2-4]曾报导了La1－xCexCoO3、La1－xAx－Mno。、Lal。Sr。CoO。催化剂体系A位离子的偏析、价态和氧的非化学计量问题．本文是保持A位离子La不变，B位离子由Mn、Co组成的体系，通过B位离子组合来讨论过渡金属离子的电子组态导致氧状态变化对催化性能的影响．1实验部分（1）试剂：La（NO3h、Mn（NO3h、Co（NO小分析结（2）催化剂制备：按化学计量比混合溶液，用…     

钙钛石型催化剂Ca_xLa_(1-x)MnO_(3 λ)中的缺陷及其在氨氧化中的作用

本文根据X-光结构分析,Ca_xLa_1-_xMnO_(3 λ)当x值自0变化至1时,样品的晶体结构并不改变,均成钙钛石型;非计量氧(λ值)以及Mn~(4 )含量均为x值的函数.ESR-分析说明,变更钙钛石晶格中A离子的取代数x值,可以同时调整B离子的价态,从而改变催化剂化学吸附氧的能力,达到提高催化剂活性的目的.根据实验结果,从固体的缺陷理论出发,对可能形成的缺陷类型作了理论上的分析,提出反应的活性种——O_2~-O~-系由氧阴离子缺陷和氧分子反应生成的假设,并得到了表面电子能谱数据的支持.在此基础上,讨论了氨在这类催化剂上的反应机理。     

铈和镧改性γ-Al2O3担载Pd催化剂的结构效应

分别以镧-铈、铈-镧顺序浸渍和镧铈共浸渍的方式在γ-Al2O3载体上引入助剂La2O3和CeO2，然后担载Pd制备了一系列催化剂.以甲醇分解为探针反应，采用XRD、EXAFS和XPS对催化剂的体相和表面结构进行表征，用BET法测定比表面积，并进行了吸附态CO的FTIR研究.结果表明,La2O3容易进入CeO2的晶格中，促进了CeO2在γ-Al2O3上的分散.但不同的La2O3、CeO2加入方式对活性组分Pd在改性载体上的分散度、优势暴露面及其与CeO2之间的相互作用产生不同的影响.关联甲醇分解性能测试结果说明,Pd在载体上的高度分散以及Pd和CeO2之间通过界面产生的强相互作用是催化剂具有高活性的关键.     

氧存在下钙钛矿LaCoO3硫化过程的XPS研究

 采用XPS,XRD和TEM对含氧气氛下钙钛矿LaCoO3硫化活化过程中不同阶段的催化剂进行了表征分析．在硫化初期,经SO2预中毒后,吸附氧种不存在,Co2p3／2结合能发生明显的位移,La3d的XPS双峰变得不明显,同时出现不稳态的S4＋物种,表明催化剂LaCoO3被SO2的强吸附所覆盖;催化剂LaCoO3仍为钙钛结构并没有新的物相产生,SO2中毒仅在催化剂表面进行．在进一步的硫化活化过程中,出现吸附氧物种,Co出现三种价态,分别对应于LaCoO3,Co3O4和CoSO4,La3d的XPS双峰变得特别明显,同时催化剂表面出现S2－物种和S6＋物种．可以认为,在含氧气氛下硫化LaCoO3的过程中,SO2预中毒为进一步硫化提供硫物种,吸附氧物种保证硫化过程中钙钛矿结构不会被完全破坏．     

铈和镧改性γ-Al2O3担载Pd催化剂的结构效应

分别以镧-铈、铈-镧顺序浸渍和镧铈共浸渍的方式在γ-Al2O3载体上引入助剂La2O3和CeO2,然后担载Pd制备了一系列催化剂.以甲醇分解为探针反应,采用XRD、EXAFS和XPS对催化剂的体相和表面结构进行表征,用BET法测定比表面积,并进行了吸附态CO的FTIR研究.结果表明,La2O3容易进入CeO2的晶格中,促进了CeO2在γ-Al2O3上的分散.但不同的La2O3、CeO2加入方式对活性组分Pd在改性载体上的分散度、优势暴露面及其与CeO2之间的相互作用产生不同的影响.关联甲醇分解性能测试结果说明,Pd在载体上的高度分散以及Pd和CeO2之间通过界面产生的强相互作用是催化剂具有高活性的关键.     

负载型La1—xSrxMnO3催化剂CO氧化性能的研究

用Mn2O3改性微球硅酸铝（SAMy,y为预载量）作载体，La1-xSrxMnO3催化剂CO氧化活性显著提高。Mn2O3除本身有一些CO氧化活性外，XRD结果表明主要是在SAMy载体上被载活性组分La1-xSrxMnO3氧化物相对含量和催化剂比表面有所提高，在所考察条件下，y＝10为最佳。XPS研究表明：样品表面上的氧有吸附氧和晶格氧两种状态，Sr掺杂引起La1-xSrxMnO3化合物表面的猛以Mn^3 和Mn^4 价态并存，同时随x增加晶格氧空位增加，水热处理对500－650℃活性影响不大，而且14h后 催化剂活性趋于稳定。使用热重仪研究了载体及催化剂在H2气流及不同温度下的还原特性。     

铅基稀土合金作为正极板栅的阳极膜性能

采用交流阻抗（EIS)、交流伏安（ACV）、循环伏安(CV)、腐蚀失重实验等方法研究了铅-钙-锡-铝-银合金中添加混合镧铈稀土在硫酸溶液中的阳极行为。 实验结果表明,混合镧铈稀土的添加能有效抑制阳极Pb(Ⅱ)膜的生长,降低Pb电极表面生成的Pb(Ⅱ)膜氧化膜电化学反应阻抗,改善阳极膜的导电性。 增强合金的耐腐蚀性能,并且增加析氧的过电位,抑制氧气的析出,降低电池的早期容量损失。 混合镧铈稀土的添加有利于提高电池的深循环寿命。 当镧铈混合稀土质量分数为0.5％时,各方面综合性能更优,效果更好。     

钙钛矿型La_((1 x)/2)Sr_((1-x)/2)Co_(1-x)Cu_xO_3催化CO氧化活性与表征

研究了钙钛矿型LaSrCoCu_xO_3催化剂对CO氧化反应的催化活性及其表面氧的催化作用．结果表明，x＝0．4的催化剂对CO氧化具有最高催化活性，常压及本实验条件下CO完全氧化的最低温度为168℃；催化剂均为氧缺陷化合物，吸附于表面晶格氧缺陷上的吸附氧是CO氧化反应的活性氧物种；并发现催化剂中存在有非常价态的C04 ，认为CO氧化反应是通过吸附氧调变Co3 和Co4 价态而进行．     

稀土复合氧化物Ln_2CuO_4催化苯酚羟化反应的研究

合成了K_2NiF_4结构的Ln_2CuO_4(Ln=La,Pr,Nd,Sm,Gd)类钙钛石型复合氧化物催化剂.研究了这些稀土取代的类钙钛石型复合氧化物的固态物理,化学性质.探讨了此类复合氧化物在苯酚羟化反应中的催化作用.考查了催化剂结构和组成与其苯酚羟化活性的关系,结果表明,在K_2NiF_4型复合氧化物中,A位稀土取代效应对复合氧化物的苯酚羟化催化活性有很大影响.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.