光引发阳离子聚合反应的研究Ⅲ．硫鎓盐BDS引发环氧化合物光聚合的DSC研究

用改装的国产CDR-1型DSC仪研究了苯基缩水甘油醚(PGE)和环氧树脂(E-51)以双-[4-(二苯硫基)苯基)硫-二-六氟化磷引发的光聚合。研究了引发剂浓度、光强、温度等因素对聚合反应的影响,对于PGE,聚合速率与引发剂浓度的0.90次方、与光强的0.78次方成比例,对于E-51,聚合速率与引发剂浓度的0.87次方成比例,而与光强的关系则比较复杂,温度分别超过70℃(对PGE)或80℃(对E-51)后,对提高聚合反应速率的作用已不明显。作为活性稀释剂,PGE可以较大地提高E-51的聚合速率。     

可聚合型光引发剂4-丙烯酰氧基二苯甲酮的光聚合性能研究

以实时红外光谱(RT-IR)法研究了合成的4-丙烯酰氧基二苯甲酮(4-ABP)的光聚合动力学性质,考察了不同单体、不同引发剂和助引发剂浓度、不同光强对聚合性能的影响.以萃取法对比研究了4-ABP和二苯甲酮(BP)在固化膜中的的残留量.结果表明,4-ABP是一种非常有效的光引发剂.随着引发剂浓度和光强的增大,单体转化率、最大反应速率都增大,诱导期缩短.萃取实验表明4-ABP在固化膜中的残留量远低于BP.     

超支化聚硅氧烷的紫外光固化行为及固化动力学研究

采用等温差示光量热技术(DPC)研究了超支化聚硅氧烷的紫外光固化行为及固化动力学. 探索了引发剂浓度、 光强度、 聚合温度和环境气氛对固化行为的影响规律. 研究结果表明, 增加光引发剂浓度和光强度及提高环境温度均可提高其固化速率和双键最终转化率. 在空气中固化时存在氧阻聚现象, 增大光强度可以显著缩短诱导期. 运用带扩散因子的自催化固化动力学模型研究了其光固化动力学, 计算出特定条件下的光固化动力学参数, 反应总级数约为6—7, 表观活化能为9.95 kJ/mol. 通过超支化聚合物与两种结构类似的低官能度单体光固化行为的对比, 研究了超支化聚合物固化行为与其分子结构的关系, 发现由于超支化大分子的独特结构, 在固化初始阶段便产生凝胶, 因此双键的最终转化率偏低.     

一种可聚合光引发体系及其性能研究

合成了一种可聚合双分子光引发体系——甲基丙烯酸-4-二苯酮甲酯(BPMM)光引发剂和甲基丙烯酸-3,4-亚甲基二氧基苯甲酯(MDBMM)助引发剂.采用含有水平样品支架的实时红外光谱仪(RTIR)监测光聚合动力学,动态力学分析仪(DMA)研究固化膜的机械性能.结果表明,聚合体系的聚合速率(Rp)和最终双键转化率(Pf)随MDBMM浓度的增加而增加,但是,随BPMM的浓度变化出现一最佳值(0.8%);相同的聚合条件下,与传统引发体系相比,BPMM/MDBMM虽然引发活性较差,但是其固化膜的Pf和玻璃化转变温度以及在37℃左右的储能模量与传统引发体系相近,并且MDBMM作为天然可食用植物化学成分衍生物的特点使其有可能适宜于在生物相容性要求较高的领域中应用.     

铁-芳烃配合物引发环氧化合物的光引发阳离子聚合

以环戊二烯基异丙苯铁六氟磷酸盐为光引发剂,用等温差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了对甲苯基缩水甘油醚(CGE)的光引发阳离子聚合的温度效应及聚合反应动力学。研究表明CGE聚合时,反应速率及最终转化率随温度变化在550℃及450℃左右有一个峰值。CGE光聚合反应速率与单体浓度的一次方成比例,其反应机理包括两个基本反应,即:引发剂光解产物与单体的配合反应以及在该配合物中单体的开环反应,而这两个反应具有相反的温度效应,升高温度有利于后者而不利于前者。     

基于α-羟烷基苯酮(HAPK)可聚合大分子光引发剂的合成及其引发三丙二醇双丙烯酸酯(TPGDA)光聚合动力学的研究

以α-羟烷基苯酮(HAPK)、甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯(TDI)、聚乙二醇600(PEG600)和丙烯酸-β-羟乙酯(HEA)为原料,通过3步反应,合成了一种可聚合大分子光引发剂:HAPK-TDI-PEG600-TDI-HEA(HTPTH).用IR对反应过程进行了监测.通过Photo-DSC研究了HTPTH引发三丙二醇双丙烯酸酯(TPG-DA)光聚合动力学,考察了光强、引发剂浓度对TPGDA光聚合动力学的影响.结果表明,随着引发剂浓度和光强的增大,最大反应速率对应的转化率、单体最终转化率、最大反应速率都增大,达到最大反应速率所需的时间减小.     

2,2′-二邻甲氧基苯基-4,4′,5,5′-四苯基-1,2′-二咪唑复合光引发体系的光聚合动力学研究

本文研究了对2,2′-二邻甲氧基苯基-4,4′,5,5′-四苯基-1,2′-二咪唑(BMOIM)复合光引发体系引发聚合动力学过程.采用紫外光谱仪对引发剂、供氢体、增感剂在紫外区的吸收谱图进行了表征.利用实时红外光谱仪对复合光引发体系引发聚合动力学过程进行实时监测,考察了不同光强、引发剂浓度以及不同官能度单体对反应速率及最终双键转化率的影响.结果表明,在引发剂浓度为0.6%(质量分数)时,20s内双键转换率达到96%,随着引发剂浓度的提高,聚合速率增大.聚合速率以及最终双键转化率随着光强增大而增大;双官能团单体的最终双键转化率比三官能团单体的最终双键转化率要高.     

二芳酮-可聚合胺紫外光引发1,6-己二醇二丙烯酸酯聚合的动力学研究

用Photo-DSC(光差热扫描)研究了一种可聚合胺助引发剂乙二醇-3-吗啡啉丙酸酯甲基丙烯酸酯(EGMPM)分别与二苯甲酮(BP)、4-(4-甲苯硫基苯基)苯基甲酮(BMS)、4-氯二苯甲酮(CBP)、4-氯甲基二苯甲酮(CMBP)、4-羟甲基二苯甲酮(HMBP)等二芳酮组成的光引发体系引发以1,6-己二醇二丙烯酸酯(HDDA)为单体的紫外光聚合动力学.考察二芳酮质量分数、聚合温度、光照强度对其光聚合动力学影响,并评价其引发效果;同时计算出了EGMPM/BP引发HDDA聚合体系的活化能.结果表明,二芳酮的质量分数增加时,反应达到最大反应速率的时间减少,单体的转化率也相应增加,单体聚合速率相应增大;相同质量分数(0.1%)的不同二芳酮,BMS体系达到最大反应速率的时间最短,单体转化率也最高;随着温度和光强的增加,单体最终转化率、最大反应速率增大,达到最大反应速率所需的时间减少.     

可聚合二苯甲酮类光引发剂的合成及其光聚合性能研究

以4-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)二苯甲酮(EBP)和丙烯酸为原料,通过开环反应合成了含有不饱和双键的可聚合光引发剂4-(丙烯酸-2-羟基丙酯-3-氧基)二苯甲酮(AEBP).采用红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振氢谱(¹HNMR)对其结构进行表征,利用紫外吸收光谱对AEBP的紫外吸收波长进行表征,通过实时红外(RT-IR)研究了AEBP引发丙烯酸酯单体的光聚合动力学.采用萃取法对比了BP与AEBP引发固化体系后的迁移性.结果表明,随AEBP浓度增加,单体最终转化率增加;当助引发剂N,N-二甲氨基苯甲酸-乙酯(EDAB)浓度为1.2%时,单体最终双键转化率最高;AEBP对双官能度单体的引发效率较之三官能度单体的好;聚合速率随光照强度的增强而变快;固化后AEBP的迁移性比传统的BP大大降低.     

新型引发剂引发苯乙烯聚合的动力学

采用过氧化2-乙基己基碳酸叔丁酯为引发剂,研究了苯乙烯自由基本体聚合的动力学过程,考察了引发剂浓度、温度、乙苯质量分数对聚合反应速率和聚苯乙烯分子量的影响.结果表明:在117℃下,聚合速率(Rp)对引发剂浓度的反应级数为0.42,对苯乙烯浓度的反应级数为1,聚合反应的表观活化能为54.8 kJ/mol.引发剂浓度、温度、乙苯质量分数的提高导致聚苯乙烯数均分子量分别下降了约30％、20％和15％,其中引发剂浓度的影响最为显著.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.