反相高效液相色谱法同时测定胸腔积液中3种氨基酸和3种修饰核苷

提出了反相高效液相色谱法同时测定胸腔积液中3种氨基酸和3种修饰核苷的方法。样品用甲醇提取,离心后上清液以Waters sunfire C18色谱柱为分离柱,不同体积比的甲醇和10mmol·L-1乙酸铵溶液(pH 4.6)的混合溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,在278nm处测定酪氨酸、色氨酸,257nm处测定2′-脱氧鸟苷、次黄嘌呤核苷和鸟嘌呤核苷,215nm处测定苯丙氨酸。苯丙氨酸的线性范围为2~2 000μmol·L-1,其余5种化合物为1~1 000μmol·L-1。方法的检出限(3S/N)在0.008 3~0.50μmol·L-1之间。加标回收率在85.8%~106%之间。     

超高效液相色谱法同时测定食品中5种添加剂

采用超高效液相色谱法同时测定食品中的安赛蜜、山梨酸、苯甲酸、脱氢乙酸和糖精钠的含量。不同食物样品经过前处理后,分析物经ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18色谱柱分离,以甲醇-含0.02mol·L~(-1)乙酸铵的乙酸溶液(pH 5.17)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用二极管阵列检测器,检测波长为230nm。结果表明:5种食品添加剂在4min内可以完全分离,线性范围均为0.10~50.0mg·L~(-1),检出限在1.0~3.4μg·L~(-1)之间。加标回收率在90.1%~106%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=7)在1.7%~4.9%之间。     

多菌灵原药中2个酚嗪类杂质含量的高效液相色谱法测定

建立了高效液相色谱法测定多菌灵原药中2个酚嗪类杂质(2,3-二氨基酚嗪(DAP)和2-羟基-3-氨基酚嗪(HAP))含量的方法.采用紫外-可见光检测器,检测波长为453 nm,分析柱为Zorbax SB-C18色谱柱,以甲醇-0.05 mol·L-1乙酸铵溶液(体积比50:50,pH 3.0)为流动相,流速1.0 mL·min-1.DAP在0.136～2.18 mg·L-1质量浓度范围呈线性响应,相关系数为0.999 9,检出限为0.03 mg·L-1,相对标准偏差为1.08%,平均加标回收率为99%;HAP在0.10～1.60 mg·L-1质量浓度范围呈线性响应,相关系数为0.999 9,检出限为0.05 mg·L-1,相对标准偏差为2.71%,平均加标回收率为98%.     

高效液相色谱法测定咪唑中2-甲基咪唑和4-甲基咪唑

采用高效液相色谱法测定咪唑中2-甲基咪唑和4-甲基咪唑的含量。采用XDB C18色谱柱为分离柱,以pH 3.5的0.05mol·L-1磷酸二氢钾缓冲溶液与甲醇以体积比95比5组成的混合溶液为流动相,流量为1.0mL·min-1,在波长210nm处进行二极管阵列检测。2-甲基咪唑和4-甲基咪唑均在0.10~25.0mg·L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)分别为20,40mg·kg-1。在1.00,5.00,20.0mg·L-1 3个浓度水平进行加标回收试验,回收率在89.0%~103%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=7)在0.58%~3.0%之间。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定氢达乳膏中氢化可的松和盐酸达克罗宁

采用高效液相色谱法同时测定氢达乳膏中氢化可的松和盐酸达克罗宁。固定相为Agilent C18色谱柱,流动相为0.015mol·L-1乙酸铵溶液-甲醇(42+58)溶液,流量为0.6mL·min-1,柱温25℃,检测波长254nm。氢化可的松和盐酸达克罗宁的线性范围均为0.12~0.60μg,检出限(3S/N)分别为0.622,0.606 mg·L-1,加标回收率分别在97.6%~100%,99.3%~99.7%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)分别为1.8%,0.94%。     

高效液相色谱电化学检测法测定阿奇霉素及相关组分

提出了用高效液相色谱电化学检测法同时测定阿奇霉素颗粒中阿奇霉素(AZMC)及相关组分(即脱糖氧胺阿奇霉素、阿奇霉素A及N-去甲基阿奇霉素)含量的方法.采用Thermo C18柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)作固定相分离上述4组分.以20 mmol·L-1磷酸二氢钾(用1 mol·L-1氢氧化钾溶液调pH为7.37)-甲醇(47+53)为流动相,流量为1.0 mL·min-1,电化学检测电位为1.05 V,柱温为35℃.阿奇霉素及相关组分的峰面积值与相应浓度之间的线性范围依次为37.06～593.00,2.63～84.00,9.20～294.50,6.69～107.00 mg·L-1,检出限(3S/N)分别为9.28,1.32,4.60,3.35 mg·L-1.用标准加入法作回收试验,测得平均回收率分别为99.9%,100.6%,99.9%,99.8%.     

利用核-壳亚3微米填料色谱技术快速测定镇痛类健康产品中25种非法添加药物北大核心CSCD

采用核-壳亚3微米填料色谱柱建立了快速测定镇痛类健康产品中25种非法添加解热镇痛类药物及糖皮质激素类药物的高效液相色谱法。样品经甲醇超声提取,用Phenomenex Kinetex XB-C_(18)色谱柱(100mm×4.6mm,2.6μm)分离,流动相为乙腈-甲醇(2+1)溶液和0.2mol·L^(-1)乙酸铵溶液(pH 4.2),梯度洗脱。采用二极管阵列检测器,外标法定量。25种药物的线性范围为1.0~100mg·L^(-1),检出限(3S/N)为0.02~0.10g·kg^(-1)。加标回收率为90.6%~110%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为0.42%~2.5%。方法用于分析66批镇痛类健康产品,发现24批阳性样品,检出8种药物成分。     

利用核-壳亚3微米填料色谱技术快速测定镇痛类健康产品中25种非法添加药物

采用核-壳亚3微米填料色谱柱建立了快速测定镇痛类健康产品中25种非法添加解热镇痛类药物及糖皮质激素类药物的高效液相色谱法。样品经甲醇超声提取,用Phenomenex Kinetex XB-C_(18)色谱柱(100mm×4.6mm,2.6μm)分离,流动相为乙腈-甲醇(2+1)溶液和0.2mol·L~(-1)乙酸铵溶液(pH 4.2),梯度洗脱。采用二极管阵列检测器,外标法定量。25种药物的线性范围为1.0~100mg·L~(-1),检出限(3S/N)为0.02~0.10g·kg~(-1)。加标回收率为90.6%~110%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为0.42%~2.5%。方法用于分析66批镇痛类健康产品,发现24批阳性样品,检出8种药物成分。     

高效液相色谱法测定食用菌中10种荧光增白剂

采用高效液相色谱法同时测定食用菌中10种双三嗪氨基二苯乙烯型荧光增白剂的含量。色谱分离中,以Athena C18-WP色谱柱(4.6 mm×200 mm,5μm)为固定相,用乙腈和0.02mol·L-1乙酸铵溶液以不同比例混合的溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,用荧光检测器测定,激发波长为350nm,发射波长为430nm。10种荧光增白剂的质量浓度均在2.0~100μg·L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)在0.002~0.005mg·kg-1之间。以空白样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率在73.0%~121%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.90%~7.8%之间。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定蜂胶中咖啡酸苯乙酯

采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定蜂胶中的咖啡酸苯乙酯。蜂胶样品经甲醇超声提取。以Sepax GP-C18色谱柱为分离柱,以各含(φ)0.5%甲酸的甲醇和5mmol·L-1乙酸铵溶液按体积比为80比20的混合液作为流动相进行分离。采用电喷雾负离子源多反应监测模式检测。咖啡酸苯乙酯的质量浓度在0.2~500μg·L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.003g·kg-1。在0.01,0.1,1.0g·kg-1 3个浓度水平进行加标回收试验,回收率在73.0%~98.1%之间,相对标准偏差(n=5)不大于3.5%。     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.     

Synthesis of N-substituted carbazolones from α-iodo enaminones via Pd(0)-catalyzed intramolecular coupling under microwave irradiation

A variety of N-aryl and N-alkyl carbazolones were conveniently achieved in good to high yields via Pd₂(dba)₃-mediated intramolecular coupling of N-substituted α-iodo enaminones under microwave irradiation. The Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization was found to proceed favorably with the more electron-deficient phenyl ring during the reactions involving unsymmetrical N,N-diaryl α-iodo enaminones. This unique property enables the construction of carbazolone skeleton containing nitro substituted benzenoid ring.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Synthesis of substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles by intramolecular nitrilimine cycloaddition

Both substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles have been synthesized by the 3+2 intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition of nitrilimines to alkynes. This cyclization has been extended to more versatile 3-bromo derivatives by the use of alkynylbromides as dipolarophiles.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.