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分光光度法测定酱油中5-羟甲基糠醛的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用一阶导数分光光度法测定了酱油中5-羟甲基糠醛的含量。具体是,在酸性介质中,以硫代巴比妥酸为衍生试剂,在414nm波长下进行5-羟甲基糠醛的比色检测。该方法快速、准确、灵敏度高,线性范围为0.5~4μg/mL,相关系数为0.9995,能够满足食品安全检测的需要。 相似文献
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5-(吲哚基-3-次甲基)(硫代)巴比妥酸的合成 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以冰乙酸为催化剂,吲哚-3-甲醛与巴比妥酸或硫代巴比妥酸在无水乙醇中进行Knoevenagel缩合,合成了5-(吲哚基-3-次甲基)巴比妥酸或5-(吲哚基-3-次甲基)(硫代)巴比妥酸,其结构经1H NMR和IR表征. 相似文献
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甲基迁移反应在合成化学和生命科学领域具有重要意义.迄今为止,所报道的甲基迁移反应大多数发生在不同种类分子之间.因此,寻找新型甲基迁移反应具有一定的研究价值.本研究以环境中常见的杀虫剂倍硫磷为研究对象,采用电喷雾质谱技术为分析工具对反应体系进行高灵敏分析,探究在CF3COOH及纳米二氧化钛(TiO2)条件下,倍硫磷分子中发生甲基迁移反应的可能性.结果表明,在CF3COOH和TiO2共同作用下,倍硫磷分子中的甲基可以从同一分子的氧原子上迁移到不饱和硫原子上,发生分子内1,3-甲基迁移反应,形成异构体硫甲基化产物;同时,异构体产物中的甲基还可以从硫原子上再继续迁移到另一分子倍硫磷的不饱和硫原子上,发生分子间甲基迁移反应.同时结合密度泛函理论计算对倍硫磷分子内和分子间甲基迁移反应的过程进行动态模拟,并对其迁移机理进行解释.本研究发现了倍硫磷能发生分子内和分子间甲基迁移反应,提供了一种研究甲基迁移反应的质谱方法,为倍硫磷的降解研究提供了新思路. 相似文献
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本工作研究了冷消解、微波消解、高压密闭消解方法对超声破碎后细胞中砷的ICP-MS测定的影响,并与直接进样测定结果作对比.结果表明,微波消解法和高压密闭消解法效果较好,测定的精密度以RSD表示,分别为2.1%和1.2%;日间6次测定的精密度分别为1.2%和2.0%;元素加标回收率均在95.7%~108.1%范围.用4种消解方法对应的ICP-MS方法检出限介于0.74~0.93 μg/l之间,符合痕量分析要求.本工作还建立了高效液相色谱(HPLC)与电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)联用技术对1 μmol/L染砷组细胞样品中的砷化学形态进行了初步探讨,发现细胞内除了存在无机砷(As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ))外,同时存在二甲基砷(DMA)和一种甲基砷中间代谢产物. 相似文献
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建立了急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿血液中红细胞中的硫嘌呤甲基转移酶活性(TPMT)的HPLC测定法。采用反相高效液相色谱法直接测定酶促反应的产物浓度,从而计算红细胞中TPMT的活性。以S-腺苷-L-甲硫氨酸(SAM)作为甲基供给体,6-硫鸟嘌呤(6-TG)作为酶反应底物,TPMT催化6-TG生成2-氨基-6-甲基巯基嘌呤(6-MTG),采用HClO4溶液终止反应及沉淀蛋白,分离上清液进行色谱分析。色谱柱为AichromBond-1 C18柱(5μm,4.6mm i.d.×150mm);等梯度洗脱,流动相为V(乙腈)∶V(0.01mol/L磷酸钾缓冲溶液)=6∶94(用HCl调pH2.74),荧光检测器检测,激发波长为310nm,发射波长为390nm。结果表明,6-MTG在0~250μg/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r=0.9999,检出限为0.093μg/L(S/N=3),回收率为81.4%~106.3%。方法能用地巯基嘌呤类药物药代研究和临床用药监测常规分析。 相似文献
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Ben Issa N Rajaković-Ognjanović VN Marinković AD Rajaković LV 《Analytica chimica acta》2011,(1):191-198
A simple and efficient method for separation and determination of inorganic arsenic (iAs) and organic arsenic (oAs) in drinking, natural and wastewater was developed. If arsenic is present in water prevailing forms are inorganic acids of As(III) and As(V). oAs can be found in traces as monomethylarsenic acid, MMA(V), and dimethylarsenic acid, DMAs(V). Three types of resins: a strong base anion exchange (SBAE) and two hybrid (HY) resins: HY-Fe and HY-AgCl, based on the activity of hydrated iron oxides and a silver chloride were investigated. It was found that the sorption processes (ion exchange, adsorption and chemisorptions) of arsenic species on SBAE (ion exchange) and HY resins depend on pH values of water. The quantitative separation of molecular and ionic forms of iAs and oAs was achieved by SBAE and pH adjustment, the molecular form of As(III) that exists in the water at pH <8.0 was not bonded with SBAE, which was convenient for direct determination of As(III) concentration in the effluent. HY-Fe resin retained all arsenic species except DMAs(V), which makes possible direct measurements of this specie in the effluent. HY-AgCl resin retained all iAs which was convenient for direct determination of oAs species concentration in the effluent. The selective bonding of arsenic species on three types of resins makes possible the development of the procedure for measuring and calculation of all arsenic species in water. In order to determine capacity of resins the preliminary investigations were performed in batch system and fixed bed flow system. Resin capacities were calculated according to breakthrough points in a fixed bed flow system which is the first step in designing of solid phase extraction (SPE) module for arsenic speciation separation and determination. Arsenic adsorption behavior in the presence of impurities showed tolerance with the respect to potential interference of anionic compounds commonly found in natural water. Proposed method was established performing standard procedures: with external standard, certified reference material and standard addition method. Two analytical techniques: the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and atomic absorption spectroscopy-hydride generation (AAS-GH) were comparatively applied for the determination of arsenic in all arsenic species in water. ICP-MS detection limit was 0.2 μg L−1 and relative standard deviation (RSD) of all arsenic species investigated was between 3.5 and 5.1%. 相似文献
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He Cui Qianlin Zhu Lizhen Dong Baotian Shan Tingting Han Huixin Li 《Analytical letters》2017,50(6):1040-1048
Arsenic speciation in rice has received attention due to its impact on food safety and human health. In this study, a sensitive method was developed for the determination of inorganic arsenic in rice using online anion suppression with ion chromatography and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. HCl of 0.01?mol/L was the optimal extracting agent, and 38?mmol/L sodium carbonate and 15?mmol/L sodium acetate were used as the mobile phase to separate dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), arsenite, monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), and arsenate. The results showed that there were no significant losses or transformations with the anion suppressor and an improvement in sensitivity. The limits of quantification were 0.1?µg/L for DMA, As(III) and MMA, and 0.2?µg/L for As(V). The procedure was used to determine inorganic arsenic in rice; As(III) and DMA were the primary forms present. The reproducibility from seven measurements showed that the relative standard deviation was less than 1.68%. The recoveries were from 99.76 to 110.42%. The present work offers a new approach for the determination of inorganic arsenic in rice. 相似文献
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A study on the extraction and quantitation of total arsenic and arsenic species in seafood by HPLC-ICP-MS 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Various internal standards and analytical methods were investigated using certified reference materials to evaluate the accuracy of the quantitation of the total As in seafood. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to measure the total arsenic. Enhancement of the total arsenic in its concentration caused by the methanol matrix was clearly observed. Selenium (mass 77) was the best internal standard, and the standard addition method combined with the use of Se as an internal standard was the best analytical method. The total arsenic was determined in bluefin tuna, yellowfin tuna, bigeye tuna, and swordfish by ICP-MS. The concentrations of total arsenic in the seafoods ranged from 0.74 to 6.87 mg/kg.Various extraction procedures were also investigated using reference materials to evaluate the extraction efficiency of the different arsenic species in seafood. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used in conjunction with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to quantitate the arsenic species in seafood. The arsenic species were extracted from tuna fish (BCR 627) with water/methanol mixtures using sonication, a microwave-assisted system, and ultrasonic processor. The major species was arsenobetaine. The total arsenic extraction efficiency ranged from 81 to 87% for water and various methanol concentrations. Chromatograms of the arsenic species extracted from the Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) tuna, bluefin tuna, yellowfin tuna, bigeye tuna, and swordfish were obtained by the optimum extraction methods and the species were quantified. 相似文献
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Dapeng Wang Yasuyo Shimoda Hidetoshi Kurosawa Jian Liu Xiguo Xu Xing Liu 《International journal of environmental analytical chemistry》2015,95(5):379-389
There are no reports in scientific literature on arsenic species in human saliva after seaweed exposure. The present article reports for the first time the regular excretion patterns of arsenic in the saliva of volunteers with one-time ingestion of Chinese seaweed. Total arsenic and speciation analyses were carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS). Results show that the excretion time of total arsenic in saliva is a trifle earlier than that in urine, total arsenic in human saliva also shows a regular excretion pattern like that in urine within 72 h after exposure to seaweed. For speciation analysis, four species, including the major dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) species, were detected in urine prior to seaweed intake. Six species were detected in urine after seaweed ingestion, including DMA, methylarsonic acid (MMA), oxo-dimethylarsinoylethanol (oxo-DMAE), thio-dimethlyarsenoacetate (thio-DMAA), arsenite (AsIII) and arsenate (AsV). In saliva samples, three species were found before seaweed ingestion, with the major peak identified as AsIII. After consumption, the kinds of arsenic metabolites in saliva were less than those in urine. The major species was inorganic arsenic (iAs AsIII+AsV), followed by DMA, MMA and a trace amount of oxo-DMAE. Taken together, the present study suggests that saliva assay can be used as a potential tool for understanding the regular excretion pattern of total arsenic after seaweed ingestion. Whether or not it’s an efficient tool for assessing arsenic metabolites in humans exposed to seaweed requires further investigation. 相似文献
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W. Clay Davis Rolf Zeisler John R. Sieber Lee L. Yu 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2010,396(8):3041-3050
Two independent liquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LC/ICP-MS) methods for the separation
of arsenic species in urine have been developed with quantification by standard additions. Seven arsenic species have been
quantified in a new NIST frozen human urine Standard Reference Material (SRM) 2669 Arsenic Species in Frozen Human Urine,
Levels 1 and 2. The species measured were: arsenite (As(III)), arsenate (As(V)), monomethylarsonate (MMA), dimethylarsinate
(DMA), arsenobetaine (AB), arsenocholine (AC), and trimethylarsine oxide (TMAO). The purity of each arsenic standard used
for quantification was measured as well as the arsenic species impurities determined in each standard. Analytical method limits
of detection (L
D) for the various species in both methods ranged from 0.2 to 0.8 μg L−1 as arsenic. The results demonstrate that LC/ICP-MS is a sensitive, reproducible, and accurate technique for the determination
of low-level arsenic species in urine. Measurements of the arsenic species 3 years after initial production of the SRM demonstrate
the stability of the arsenic species in the urine reference material. 相似文献
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Arsenic and its speciation analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
It is known that arsenic has different toxicological properties dependent upon both its oxidation state for inorganic compounds, as well as the different toxicity levels exhibited for organic arsenic compounds. The field of arsenic speciation analysis has grown rapidly in recent years, especially with the utilization of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), a highly sensitive and robust detector system. Complete characterization of arsenic compounds is necessary to understand intake, accumulation, transport, storage, detoxification and activation of this element in the natural environment and living systems. This review describes the essential background and toxicity of arsenic in the environment, and more importantly, some currently used chromatographic applications and sample handling procedures necessary to accurately detect and quantify arsenic in its various chemical forms. Applications and work using only HPLC-ICP-MS for arsenic speciation of environmental and biological samples are presented in this review. 相似文献
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Caps of the edible mushroom Laccaria amethystina collected during September and October at forested sites in the vicinity of the town of Domzale in Central Slovenia, Yugoslavia, were found by neutron activation analysis (NAA) and hydride generation to have total arsenic concentrations between 109 and 200 mg As kg?1 (dry mass). The extraction of fresh, frozen or freeze-dried caps with cold Tris buffer at pH 7.6, or with boiling water, transferred 60–70% of the arsenic into the aqueous phase. Sephadex gel permeation chromatography indicated that the arsenic compounds in these extracts were not associated with proteins or other organic compounds of molecular mass larger than 4000 Dal. Cation-exchange chromatography coupled with NAA, hydride generation, and reverse-phase chromatography with arsenic-specific detection (HPLC ICP) showed that dimethylarsinic acid is the major arsenic compound in the extracts. Methylarsonic acid and arsenate account for no more than 10% each of the total arsenic. 相似文献
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Ingested arsenic is known to be not only excreted by urine, but to be stored in sulphydryl-rich tissue like hair, nail or skin. We developed an extraction method for arsenic species from these tissues and studied the stability of different arsenic species during the extraction process. Inorganic and pentavalent methylated arsenic was found to be stable under the extraction conditions, whereas trivalent methylated arsenicals and the thio-analogue of DMAV (DMAS) showed reduced stability. The absorption ability of hair for these different species was studied as well. Inorganic arsenic is better absorbed by hair than monomethyl- or dimethyl-arsenicals, whereby the trivalent forms are taken up better than the pentavalent forms. Independent of which methylated arsenical was used for the incubation, the pentavalent form was always the dominant form after extraction. Hair and nail samples from humans suffering from chronic arsenic intoxication contained dominantly inorganic arsenic with small and strongly varying amounts of DMAV and MAV present. DMAS was only found in some nail sample extracts containing unusually high amounts of DMAV and is believed to be formed during the extraction process. 相似文献
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Human urine samples after fish consumption have been investigated by low-temperature gas chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric detection after sample derivatization by hydride generation (HG/LT-GC/ICP-MS). This analytical technique enabled the identification of organometal(loid) compounds in human urine; species of the six elements germanium, arsenic, selenium, tin, antimony, and mercury were determined. Three different organic selenium species, two germanium species, seven arsenic species, four tin species, five antimony species, and one species of mercury were found; 18 of the 22 species detected could be identified. The relative detection limits ranged between 2 and 12 pg x L(-1) (x=element). These organometal(loid) compounds probably build up in the human body under the influence of micro-organisms, in the presence of hydrogen sulfide and methane, in the human intestine. 相似文献