新型直链淀粉类手性固定相的制备与手性拆分性能

通过对糖单元2-位进行选择性酯化以及6-位保护与去保护,运用区域选择性方法合成了5种新型直链淀粉类衍生物,分别为直链淀粉-2-苯甲酸酯-3-(4-氯苯基氨基甲酸酯)-6-(3,5-二甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)、直链淀粉-2-苯甲酸酯-3-(4-氯苯基氨基甲酸酯)-6-(3,5-二氯苯基氨基甲酸酯)、直链淀粉-2-苯甲酸酯-3,6-二(4-氯苯基氨基甲酸酯)、直链淀粉-2-(4-氯苯甲酸酯)-3,6-二(3,5-二氯苯基氨基甲酸酯)和直链淀粉-2-(4-氯苯甲酸酯)-3,6-二(环己基氨基甲酸酯),并将其涂覆在氨丙基硅胶表面制备了HPLC手性固定相。利用核磁共振-氢谱(¹H-NMR)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)技术对所合成衍生物的结构进行了表征和分析,并用HPLC法评价所合成衍生物的手性识别能力。与具有单一取代基直链淀粉类手性固定相的对比分析表明,所合成的新型直链淀粉类手性固定相对于某些对映体具有更为优异的拆分结果。进一步分析表明,2-、3-和6-位取代基的性能和引入位置对直链淀粉衍生物的手性识别能力均有较大的影响。     

纤维素-[2,3-(4-取代苯基)-6-(3,5-二氯苯基)]氨基甲酸酯的合成及作为HPLC手性固定相的手性识别

合成了3种新的纤维素苯基氨基甲酸酯类衍生物:纤维素-[2,3-二苯基-6(3,5-二氯苯基)]氨基甲酸酯、纤维素-[2,3-二(4-甲基苯基)-6-(3,5-二氯苯基)]氨基甲酸酯及[2,3-二(4-氯苯基)-6-(3,5-二氯苯基)]氨基甲酸酯,并将其涂敷在氨丙基硅胶表面制备 HPLC 手性固定相.利用<'1>H N...     

非均匀取代淀粉衍生物手性固定相的制备及其手性识别能力

通过区域选择性方法制备了两种新型淀粉衍生物,分别为淀粉2-苯甲酸酯-3-(4-甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)-6-(3,5-二氯苯基氨基甲酸酯)和淀粉2-苯甲酸酯-3-(3,5-二氯苯基氨基甲酸酯)-6-(4-甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯),将二者分别涂覆于氨丙基硅胶后用作液相色谱手性固定相。研究表明:所制备的手性固定相显示出特异的手性识别能力,其手性识别能力明显高于均匀取代淀粉衍生物——淀粉三(3,5-二氯苯基氨基甲酸酯),取代基的性质及在葡萄糖单元上的位置对手性固定相的手性识别能力有较大的影响。一些未在商品化的手性柱Chiralpak AD上得到有效分离的手性化合物在所制备的固定相上得到了更好的分离。所测试的8对对映体在淀粉2-苯甲酸酯-3-(4-甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)-6-(3,5-二氯苯基氨基甲酸酯)固定相上均得到了分离,因而此固定相的手性识别能力较强,具有潜在的应用价值。     

2-N-邻苯二甲酰亚胺壳聚糖基手性固定相的制备及手性识别能力研究

为了开发具有高效手性识别能力的新型多糖类手性固定相,合成了5种糖单元2-位具有邻苯二甲酰亚胺,而3,6-位同时具有4种不同苯基氨基甲酸酯基团(2-氯、3-氯、4-氯和3,5二氯取代的苯基氨基甲酸酯)和一种无取代的苯基氨基甲酸酯基团的壳聚糖类衍生物,并将其涂覆在氨丙基硅胶表面制备成HPLC手性固定相.利用红外光谱和核磁氢谱对所合成的衍生物进行结构表征与分析,并应用HPLC法评价其对10种对映体的手性识别能力.研究结果表明:这些新型壳聚糖类手性固定相的手性识别能力受苯基氨基甲酸酯取代基中芳环上侧基的引入位置、数量和空间位阻的影响较大.同时色谱测试中所使用流动相的成分对该类手性固定相的识别能力也具有较大影响.进一步探讨了这些衍生物的氨基甲酸酯残基核磁氢谱中N—H质子的化学位移和红外光谱中N—H波数与手性识别能力之间的关系.     

纤维素苯基氨基甲酸酯的均相合成及其手性拆分性能评价

认识多糖类手性拆分材料的结构性能关系对于构建新型高效手性固定相具有重要指导意义。该文中,以1-烯丙基-3-甲基咪唑氯离子液体为介质,合成了系列不同结构的纤维素苯基氨基甲酸酯,进而考察了取代度、取代基团种类和位置对产物手性拆分性能的影响。结果表明,随着取代度的增加,纤维素苯基氨基甲酸酯对于绝大部分手性分子的拆分效果提高;苯环上取代基团的种类和位置对纤维素苯基氨基甲酸酯手性拆分性能影响显著,弱吸电子基团氯基和给电子基团甲基在合适的位置能显著增强纤维素苯基氨基甲酸酯的手性拆分性能;纤维素3-甲基-4-氯苯基氨基甲酸酯、3,5-二氯苯基氨基甲酸酯和2-甲基-5-氯苯基氨基甲酸酯对一些手性分子的拆分效果优于纤维素3,5-二甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯。     

纤维素2,3-位和2,3,6-位苯基氨基甲酸酯手性固定相的选择性研究

合成了纤维素-2,3,6-三苯基氨基甲酸酯、纤维素-2,3-二苯基氨基甲酸酯、纤维素-2,3,6-三(3,5-二甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)和纤维素-2,3-二(3,5-二甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)4种纤维素衍生物手性固定相,用正己烷-异丙醇（体积比为9∶1）混合液作流动相,对9种手性化合物进行了高效液相色谱拆分。实验结果表明:对所测的9个样品,纤维素-2,3-二苯基氨基甲酸酯的手性选择性大大好于纤维素-2,3,6-三苯基氨基甲酸酯;而纤维素-2,3-二(3,5-二甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)与纤维素-2,3,6-三(3,5-二甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)的分离因子针对不同的对映体各有优点,但前者通常具有更小的保留因子,可以缩短一定的分析时间。     

双选择体的涂覆量对手性固定相分离特性的影响

研究了涂敷量对双选择体手性固定相分离特性的影响。分别将纤维素-三(3,5-二甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)与纤维素-三(4-甲基苯甲酸酯),直链淀粉-三(3,5-二甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)与直链淀粉-三(4-甲基苯甲酸酯)进行共混,得到两种共混合物。以这两种共混合物为手性选择体,制备了涂覆量分别为17%及25%的四种手性固定相。评价了这些固定相的手性分离性能,结果表明:增加手性选择体的涂覆量,直链淀粉衍生物双选择体固定相的手性分离性能得到提高,而纤维素衍生物固定相的手性分离性能则稍有降低。较高涂覆量的纤维素衍生物固定相在含叔丁醇、异丁醇和正丁醇流动相中的保留因子依次减小,而其手性识别能力依次增强。     

几种手性化合物在直链淀粉-三(环己基氨基甲酸酯)手性固定相上高压液相中的拆分

正相条件下, 在自制的涂敷型直链淀粉-三(环己基氨基甲酸酯)手性固定相上, 直接拆分了九种不同类型的手性化合物, 考察了流动相中极性添加剂对手性拆分的影响, 并与直链淀粉-三(3,5-二甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)进行了比较. 研究发现, 此种手性固定相不仅具有较高的手性识别能力, 而且对某些类型手性化合物的选择性与后者明显不同; 探讨了此种固定相可能的拆分机理.     

高效液相色谱的4种商品手性柱对38种手性化合物的拆分研究

采用纤维素-三(3,5-二甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)涂敷型手性固定相(Chiralcel OD柱)、直链淀粉-三(3,5-二甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)涂敷型手性固定相(Chiralpak AD柱)、直链淀粉-三(3,5-二甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)键合型手性固定相(Chiralpak IA柱)和Pirkle型的(S,S)-Whelk-01手性固定相对38种外消旋体化合物进行手性拆分。实验结果表明,4种固定相的手性识别能力为:OD>AD>IA>(S,S)-Whelk-01,OD固定相的手性识别率达到60%,并且它们之间的手性识别性能还具有一定的互补性。本研究对4种常用手性固定相的拆分能力进行了对比,为拆分手性化合物时有的放矢地选择手性固定相提供了参考。     

淀粉及纤维素三(3-三氟甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)手性固定相的制备及其性能评价

为了扩展多糖类手性固定相的种类,制备了基于淀粉及纤维素三(3-三氟甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)的涂敷型手性固定相,以正己烷-异丙醇混合液为流动相,对8种手性化合物进行了高效液相色谱拆分。研究表明: 虽然与应用最广泛的分别以淀粉及纤维素三(3,5-二甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)为手性选择因子的商品化手性柱Chiralpak AD和Chiralcel OD相比,所制备的手性固定相的手性分离能力较低,但纤维素三(3-三氟甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)手性固定相显示出特异的手性识别能力,一些手性化合物在此固定相上得到了比在Chiracel OD上更好的分离;所制备的手性固定相的手性识别能力随流动相中异丙醇含量的降低而变好,当流动相中正己烷与异丙醇的体积比为95:5时所制备的手性固定相显示出相对较高的手性识别能力;总体来说,淀粉三(3-三氟甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)手性固定相的手性识别能力稍强于纤维素三(3-三氟甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)手性固定相,同时两种手性固定相的手性识别能力具有一定的互补性。     

Synthesis and chiral recognition of novel amylose derivatives containing regioselectively benzoate and phenylcarbamate groups

A new class of regioselectively substituted amylose derivatives bearing three different substituents at 2-, 3- and 6-positions, and two different substituents at 2-position and 3-, 6-positions were synthesized by a sequential process based on the esterification of 2-position of a glucose unit. Their chiral recognition abilities were evaluated as chiral stationary phases (CSPs) for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Each derivative had its own characteristic recognition ability depending on the arrangement of side chains at the three positions. Among the derivatives, amylose 2-(4-t-butylbenzoate) and amylose 2-(4-chlorobenzoate) series exhibited high chiral recognition. Some racemates can be efficiently separated on these derivatives as well as on the amylose tris-3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate, which is commercially available as Chiralpak AD and one of the most powerful CSPs. The structures of the amylose derivatives were also investigated by circular dichroism spectroscopy.     

Preparation and chromatographic evaluation of β-cyclodextrin derivative CSPs bearing substituted phenylcarbamate groups for HPLC

Five β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) derivatives bearing substituted phenylcarbamate/3-(triethoxysilyl)propylcarbamate groups at the 2-, 3-, and 6-positions of glucose unit and another five derivatives containing benzoate at the 2-position and substituted phenylcarbamate/3-(triethoxysilyl)propylcarbamate groups at the 3- and 6-positions were synthesized using the regioselective esterification method. The obtained β-CD derivatives were efficiently immobilized onto the silica gel through the intermolecular polycondensation of a small amount of the triethoxysilyl groups, which were used as the chiral stationary phases (CSPs) for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The chiral separation properties of these CSPs were evaluated under the normal-phase HPLC. The effects of solvent polarity and the side chain structures of β-CD derivatives on the chiral recognition ability of the immobilized CSPs were investigated. Among these β-CD derivative CSPs, 2,3,6-tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate)-β-CD CSP showed a relatively high chiral recognition ability for the studied racemates. The regioselective esterification at the 2-position of glucose unit in the β-CD decreased the chiral recognition ability at the same conditions. For some racemates, the β-CD derivative CSPs showed chiral recognition abilities comparable or better to some chemical bonded β-CD derivative CSPs and 3,5-dichloro- and 3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamates of cellulose and amylose CSPs.     

Phenylcarbamate derivatives of cellulose and amylose immobilized onto silica gel as chiral stationary phases for high-performance liquid chromatography

Three polysaccharide phenylcarbamate derivatives [cellulose 2,3-bis(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)-6-(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)/(2-methacryloyloxyethylcarbamate), cellulose 2,3-bis(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate)-6-(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate)/(2-methacryloyloxyethylcarbamate), and amylose 2,3-bis(3, 5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)-6-(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)/(2-methacryloyloxyethylcarbamate)] with vinyl groups were prepared and coated onto silica gel to immobilize them via radical copolymerization with 2,3-dimethylbutadiene. The copolymerization efficiently proceeded, and the coated polysaccharide derivatives were mostly immobilized on the surface of the silica gel. The immobilized polysaccharide derivatives showed high chiral recognition abilities similar to those of the corresponding coated polysaccharide derivatives. They could be used with an eluent containing chloroform, which dissolved the polysaccharide derivatives. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 4704–4710, 2004     

外消旋硫代缩水甘油醚在多糖基质手性柱上的手性拆分

在自行合成的3种多糖基质的手性固定相上直接拆分了7种外消旋硫代缩水甘油醚，初步探讨了手性化合物结构在手性识别过程中对手性拆分的影响，并对手性固定相的手性识别能力进行了评价。     

Polysaccharide derivatives as chiral stationary phases in HPLC

Twenty different tris(phenylcarbamate)s of cellulose were synthesized and evaluated as chiral stationary phases for HPLC. Optical resolving power of the tris(phenylcarbamate)s depends on the substituents introduced on the phenyl groups. Optical resolving abilities of amylose tris(phenylcarbamate)s were also evaluated. In most cases, either cellulose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) or amylose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) exhibited the highest optical resolving ability. Aralkylcarba-mates such as benzyl- and 1-phenylethylcarbamates of cellulose and amylose were also tested as chiral stationary phases. (S)-1-Phenylethylcarbamate of amylose showed a high optical resolving power.     

Preparation and chiral recognition in HPLC of cellulose 3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamates immobilized onto silica gel

The 3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamates (2) of cellulose bearing a small amount of 3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl residues were synthesized by a one-pot process and immobilized onto a silica gel through intermolecular polycondensation of the triethoxysilyl groups. The obtained cellulose derivatives were characterized by (1) H NMR and elemental analysis (EA), and their recognition abilities were evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The cellulose derivatives containing about 1-5% of the 3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl residue were efficiently immobilized with a high chiral recognition ability. The immobilized chiral packing materials (CPMs) could be used with the eluents containing chloroform and tetrahydrofuran (THF), which cannot be used with the conventional coated-type chiral packing materials. By using these eluents, the chiral recognition for many racemates was improved.     

含磷手性化合物在多聚糖类手性固定相上的手性分离

在纤维素 三(3,5 二甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)(ChiralcelOD)和直链淀粉 三(3,5 二甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)(ChiralpakAD H)手性固定相上,采用高效液相色谱正相条件,分离了系列含磷手性化合物。考察了流动相中有机改性剂的种类及浓度对手性分离的影响;研究了化合物的结构与保留及对映体选择性的关系;并探讨了手性识别机理。