溴代十六烷基吡啶增敏共振光散射法测定乌拉地尔

以稀盐酸介质,固绿FCF作探针,表面活性剂溴代十六烷基吡啶作增敏剂,建立了测定乌拉地尔的共振光散射新方法。在稀盐酸存在下,乌拉地尔与固绿FCF-溴代十六烷基吡啶反应生成离子缔合物,使体系的共振光散射信号明显增强并产生新的共振光散射光谱,最大共振光散射(RLS)峰位于344 nm,乌拉地尔的质量浓度在0. 003～0. 28mg·L-1范围内与体系的共振光散射增强强度(ΔIRLS)呈线性关系,检出限为0. 0028 mg·L-1,加标回收率为98. 96%～101. 3%,相对标准偏差(RSD)(n=5)为2. 1%～2. 6%。该法灵敏、快速,用于市售乌拉地尔药物中乌拉地尔的测定,结果满意。     

蛋白质电化学检测的新体系研究及应用

在pH 3.5B-R缓冲溶液中以溴百里香酚蓝为电化学探针建立了蛋白质测定新体系.溴百里香酚蓝在-0.458 V(vs.SCE)有一个灵敏的极谱伏安还原峰,加入人血清白蛋白(HAS)后,其峰电位不变而峰电流下降.峰电流的下降值同HAS质量浓度在1.0～40.0 mg·L-1范围内呈线性关系,其回归方程为△I"p=133.52 C-3.72,r=0.999,定量下限为1.0 mg·L-1.由试验结果求得蛋白质与溴百里香酚蓝相互作用的结合比为1:4,结合常数βs=1.43×10 19.应用于实际人血清样品的测定,结果与经典的考马斯亮蓝G-250光度法一致.此方法还可应用于牛血清白蛋白、牛血红蛋白、卵清白蛋白等的测定.     

同时多组分分析动力学比均定中变换计算法的原理及其应用于光度法测定面包和水样中碘酸根和溴酸根

应用动力学方法,在不经分离的条件下,采用比均定中变换,同时测定面包与水样中溴酸根与碘酸根的含量.溴酸根、碘酸根的质量浓度在0.1～3.5 mg·L-1范围呈线性,比均定中值MC(D)与浓度C的线性回归方程的相关系数均在0.990 0以上,检出限分别为0.01 mg·L-1与0.02 mg·L-1,相对标准偏差分别为2.84%与1.96%,其回收率在82.2%～100.2%之间.     

流动注射化学发光法测定蛋白质

采用流动注射化学发光法(FI-CL)研究了鲁米诺-铁氰化钾-蛋白质化学发光反应.试验发现某些蛋白质对鲁米诺-铁氰化钾发光体系有增强作用,对流速、发光试剂浓度、pH值以及增敏剂等条件进行了试验和优化并建立了测定蛋白质的FI-CL方法.测得卵清白蛋白(OVA)、牛血清蛋白(BSA)线性范围分别为1.8×10-10～2.2×10-7mol·L-1(r=0.9964)和1.5×10-10～3.8×10-7mol.L-1(r=0.9988),检出限(S/N=3)分别为1.8×10-10mol·L-1和1.5×10-10 mol·L-1;对7.6×10-8mol·L-1牛血清蛋白标准的相对标准偏差为0.88%(n=6).用于人体血清样品总蛋白的测定,与双缩脲法的结果间无显著差异.     

秋水仙碱水解产物与某些酸性磺酞类染料相互作用的 共振瑞利散射光谱及其分析应用

在pH 2.9～4.6 Britton-Robinson (BR)缓冲溶液中, 秋水仙碱的水解产物(H-COL)能与溴酚蓝(BPB)、溴甲酚绿(BCG)、溴百里酚蓝(BTB)和百里酚蓝(TB)等酸性磺酞类染料(ASPD)反应形成1∶1的离子缔合物, 此时将引起共振瑞利散射(RRS)的急剧增强, 并产生新的RRS光谱. 秋水仙碱水解产物与溴酚蓝、溴甲酚绿、溴百里酚蓝和百里酚蓝形成离子缔合物的最大散射波长分别位于327, 311, 305和306 nm处. 散射增强(ΔI)与秋水仙碱浓度在一定范围内成正比, 不同体系对于秋水仙碱的检出限(3σ)分别为12.3, 15.1, 16.4和20.0 ng•mL－1 (TB). 研究了适宜的反应条件, 考察了共存物质的影响, 表明方法有较好的选择性. 基于秋水仙碱水解产物与酸性磺酞类染料离子缔合物的反应, 发展了一种较灵敏, 且简便、快捷测定秋水仙碱的新方法. 方法用于片剂、黄花、血清和尿样中秋水仙碱的测定, 获得了满意的结果.     

亮黄共振光散射法测定微量蛋白质

基于蛋白质对生物染色剂亮黄的共振光散射的增强效应,拟定了一种测定蛋白质的共振光散射法。在pH 2.5的Britton Robison缓冲溶液中,亮黄在510 nm处的共振光散射增强与蛋白质浓度呈线性关系。对牛血清白蛋白,线性范围为0.25~11.5 mg·L-1,检出限48μg·L-1。方法用于合成样品和人尿样品中蛋白质的测定,结果满意。     

共振散射光谱法研究人血清白蛋白与二甲酚橙的反应

对二甲酚橙作为光散射探针测定蛋白质进行了研究,基于人血清白蛋白对二甲酚橙的共振光散射强度的增强效应,建立了测定蛋白质的共振散射光谱法。在pH 4.00的NaOAc-HOAc缓冲溶液中,二甲酚橙只有微弱的光散射强度,但它与蛋白质的缔合物却有较强的共振光散射信号,在λ=517 nm处,光散射强度达到最大,并且与蛋白质浓度在为0.0~10.0 mg.L-1范围呈线性,检出限为0.044 mg.L-1。运用摩尔比法测定二甲酚橙和蛋白质的结合数为132,用于实际样品的分析,测定值与考马斯亮蓝法的结果一致,分析结果的RSD值(n=5)均小于5%。     

乙醇敏化钛黄与蛋白质作用的共振光散射光谱研究及其分析应用

研究了在乙醇存在下钛黄（TY）与蛋白质作用的共振光散射（RLS）光谱特征 。基于RLS的增强,建立了一种测定蛋白质的新方法。考察了各种影响因素,在优 化条件下确定了RLS强度与蛋白质浓度之间的关系。当TY浓度为4 * 10~(-5)mol· L~(-1)时,牛血清白蛋白（BSA）、人血清白蛋白（HSA）和溶菌酶(lysozyme)的线 性响应范围分别为0.1～6.0 μg·mL~(-1), 0.1～5.0 μg·mL~(-1), 0.2～3.0 μg·mL~(-1),检出限分别为12.7 ng·mL~(-1), 11.6 ng·mL~(-1)和18.8 ng· mL~(-1)。三种合成样品五次平行测定的回收率和相对标准偏差（RSD）分别为96. 0%～102.3%和0.8%～3.2%。将该方法与经典的Bradford方法分别用于人血清试样中 蛋白的测定,两种方法的分析结果经F-检验和双总体T-检验证明无显著性差异。     

气相色谱法测定工业废水中挥发酚

提出了工业废水样品中的挥发性酚经预先用溴衍生化后用环己烷萃取分离,分取部分萃取液作气相色谱分析的方法.用此方法测定了苯酚、邻甲酚、间甲酚及对甲酚4种挥发酚,所测得的线性范围分别为0.008～80μg·L-1,0.010～100 μg·L-1,0.018～100 μg·L-1,0.012～100 μg·L-1,检出限(S/N=3)分别为8.4 ng·L-1,10.6 ng·L-1,19 ng·L-1,12.8 ng·L-1,测得其回收率在87%～91%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)在4.0%～7.0%之间.     

十二烷基苯磺酸钠增敏乙基紫共振光散射法测定人尿中痕量1-羟基芘

基于乙基紫(EV)与1-羟基芘(1-OHP)反应形成离子缔合物,导致体系的共振光散射(RLS)增强,建立了测定1-OHP的共振光散射法.在pH 8.0Tris-HCl缓冲介质中,最大RLS峰位于396 nm,其强度与1-OHP浓度成线性关系.加入表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS),体系的灵敏度可提高两倍以上.方法的线性范围为4.0～982 μg·L-1,相关系数r=0.999 4,检出限1.2 μg·L-1,相对标准偏差为5.8%～7.9%,平均回收率为94%(n=6).已成功用于人尿中痕量1-OHP的测定,结果满意.     

HEPT类化合物的QSAR研究

为定量结构／活性相关性研究提取了量子化学参数,拓扑指数Am,分子连接性指数^mxt及疏水性常数,同时应用正交变换和最佳变量子集算法（Leaps-and-Bonds)进行了变量压缩和选择,进而实施了多元回归分析,并由此结果进行了HEPT类化合物（1－[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6-(phenylthio)-thymine derivatives)的结构／活性关系的理论解释,进行了人工神经网络法对于该类化合物的活性预测,其结构明显好于多元回归法。     

From the Micro- to the Macro-: Managing the Conservation of the Warship,Vasa

Sweden's famous warship, Vasa, sank on her maiden voyage in August 1628, and remained on the bottom of Stockholm harbour for 333 years. Raised in 1961, she became the first large-scale wooden object to be treated with polyethylene glycol (PEG). In the summer of 2000 a number of acidic salt precipitations were noticed on the surface of the ship and on wooden artefacts in the storerooms. An international research project has been established to look into the causes of this problem and suggest possible re-treatments. Meanwhile projects are underway to monitor movements in the ship, to build a better support system, and to replace the thousands of iron bolts holding the structure together, while a sophisticated new climate system has recently been installed in the museum.     

液滴荧光传感与计算机联用技术在微量分析中的应用

通过在LS55型荧光-磷光-发光分光光度计上加装液滴产生及调节附件,采用计算机采集与分析处理数据,成功地研制了双通道液滴光化学传感装置.利用葡聚糖凝胶对复合维生素B中不同组分的选择性吸附来达到分离与同时检测的目的,并将其用于复合维生素B药片的分析,取得了满意的结果.     

On the scaling of the interface energy of the liquid clusters in the disordered nanoporous medium

Similarity of the extrusion curves of non-wetting liquid in a nanoporous medium with different initial fill volume fractions is observed experimentally. The similarity can be explained by the scaling of the interface energy and the self-similarity of the infinite percolation cluster of fluid-filled pores. Understanding the physical processes leading to the observed phenomena is a foundation for the development of high-performance devices for damping and energy storage on the basis of such heterogeneous systems.     

光亮剂对银电沉积行为的影响

用电势阶跃法和旋转圆盘电极法 (RDE)以及SEM和XRD测试手段 ,初步研究了光亮剂对氰化体系中银电沉积行为的影响 .研究表明 ,光亮剂的加入并未导致银电沉积成核机理的改变 ,但显著增强了镀液的微观平整效应 ,并且所得镀层的表观光滑程度明显改善 .XRD测试亦同时表明光亮剂的加入并未改变镀层的择优取向     

Using of the Agglomeration-in-liquid for the Technology of the Fine Materials

The content of the fine and ultrafine particles in the raw material results in difficulty of the separation, the loss of the valuable components and ecological contamination. Secondary using of the fine particles is impossible without their granulation. This problem has been solved by the agglomeration-in-liquid method.An agglomeration-in-liquid method is a process to produce agglomerates in a liquid phase from solid particles suspended in the liquid. The surface of solid particles and the binding liquid must be of identical polarity, but the continuous phase must be of the opposite polarity. The water solutions of the surfactant are the binding liquids or the organic liquids.     

Influence of the Position of the Connecting Spacer of the Chromophore on the Nonlinear Optical Response

A new chromophore, C1 , based on a similar DπA‐structure as in the FTC ‐chromophore but with a hydroxyalkyl spacer perpendicular to the direction of the dipole moment was synthesized. Both chromophores and the CLD ‐chromophore were used to prepare high T_g nonlinear optical vinyl polymers. The influence of the position of the spacer on the DπA‐system on the NLO response of the resulting polymers was investigated.

     

On the dependence of the critical supersaturation on the initial undersaturation in the reverse Wilson chamber

The dependence of the critical supersaturation on the degree of the initial undersaturation has been analyzed in detail.This dependence is explained by means of the Richarch-Powell equation, taking into account the dependence of the -ratio upon the partial pressures of the inert gas and the liquid under investigation.     

Copper-containing dendromesogens: the influence of the metal on the mesomorphism

The synthesis and liquid crystalline behaviour of the first and second generations of a dendrimeric structure based on poly(propyleneimine)(DAB-dendr(NH₂)_x) are reported. 4-(4-n-Alkoxybenzoyloxy)salicylaldehydes are used as mesogenic moieties attached at the peripheral amino groups of the dendrimers giving rise to dendromesogens with four and eight mesogenic branches. From these dendromesogens, considered as organic ligands, were prepared six metal-containing dendrimers which incorporate two or four copper atoms in their structures. All the dendrimeric ligands and three of the metal-containing dendrimers exhibit liquid crystalline properties which were studied by optical microscopy, DSC, X-ray diffraction and EPR spectroscopy.