共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 190 毫秒
1.
用2-乙基己基膦酸单(2-乙基己基)酯自硫酸溶液中萃取铟的机理研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了考察酸性磷类萃取剂化学结构上的差别对铟的萃取性能影响,本文研究了酸度对2-乙基己基膦酸单(2-乙基己基)酯[HEH(EH)P]萃取铟的影响,并与二(2-乙基己基)磷酸[HDEHP]进行比较;应用斜率法确定了萃取平衡反应;用饱和法制得了萃铟配合物,并测定了它们的红外光谱和核磁共振谱,在此基础上探讨了HEH(EH)P萃取铟的机理. 相似文献
2.
3.
2-乙基已基磷酸-2-乙基己基酯(P507)已广泛用于萃取分离稀土元素,用于萃取镓、铟、铊,在盐酸或硫酸介质中均具有较好萃取性质,易于反萃取。鉴于分析分离中萃取色谱法较萃取分离更为实用,我们进一步研究了萃取色谱分离镓、铟及其伴生元素的方 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
2-乙基己基膦酸单(2-乙基己基)酯[HEH(EHP),HL]是萃取分离稀土元素的有效萃取剂.作者及马恩新等研究了HEH(EHP)萃取低浓度稀土元素的平衡反应.Lenz等认为二(2-乙基己基)磷酸(HDEHP)萃取高浓度Nd(Ⅲ)和Sm(Ⅲ)时,ClO_4~-及NO_3~-参与萃取反应.定量研究HEH(EHP)从矿物酸溶液中萃取高浓度稀土元素(Ⅲ)的平衡规律及萃取反应具有实际意义,有关这方面的研究尚未见报道. 本文结合分离工艺,系统地研究了高浓度稀土元素在H~+(HNO_3,HCl)-H_2O-1.50FHEH(EHP)-煤油体系中的分配平衡,通过IR、NMR及平衡有机相中NO_3~-和Cl~-浓度的定量测定,提出了低酸度下不同稀土浓度的萃取反应. 相似文献
9.
10.
由于二(2-乙基己基)磷酸(P204)对稀土的萃取能力过强,对重稀土反萃取较困难,而改变二烷基磷酸类萃取剂的烷基结构有可能改善它对重稀土的反萃取性能。本研究考察了二(β-丁基辛基)磷酸(DDPA),二(β-己基癸基)磷酸(DHDPA-1),二(10-乙基十四烷基-7)磷酸(DHDPA-2)和二[β-(1,3,3-三甲基丁基),5,7,7-三甲基辛基]磷酸(DODPA)四种具有长碳链结构的萃取剂对稀土的萃取和反萃取性能,并与二(2-乙 相似文献
11.
A selective method has been developed for extraction chromatographic studies of aluminium(III) and its separation from several metal ions with a chromatographic column containing N-n-octylaniline (liquid anion exchanger) coated on silanized silica gel as a stationary phase. The aluminium(III) was quantitatively extracted with the 0.065 mol/L N-n-octylaninine from 0.013 to 0.05 mol/L sodium succinate at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The extracted metal ion has been recovered by eluting with 25.0 mL of 0.05 mol/L hydrochloric acid and estimated spectrophotometrically with aurintricarboxylic acid. The effects of the acid concentration, the reagent concentration, the flow rate and the eluting agents have been investigated. The log-log plots of distribution coefficient (KdAl(III)) versus N-n-octylaniline concentrationin 0.005 and 0.007 mol/L sodium succinate gave theslopes 0.5 and 0.7 respectively and showed theprobable composition of theextracted species was 1:1 (metal to amine ratio) and the nature of extracted species is [RR''NH2+ Al succinate2-] org. .The extraction of aluminium(III) was carried out in the presence of various ions to ascertain the tolerance limit of individual ions. Aluminium(III) has been separated from multicomponent mixtures, pharmaceutical samples and synthetic mixtures corresponding to alloys. A scheme for mutual separation of aluminium(III), indium(III), gallium(III) and thallium(III) has been developed by using suitable masking agents. The method is fast, accurate and precise. 相似文献
12.
贝类体内麻痹性贝类毒素的提取方法研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
采用浓度系列为0.04、0.07、0.10、0.15、0.20、0.25、0.30、0.40、0.50、0.70、1.0 mol/L的HCl和HAc溶液作为提取液,分别取10 mL提取液与10 g栉孔扇贝性腺混合,在沸水浴中加热5 min提取麻痹性贝类毒素(PSP);同时采用0.3 mol/L HAc和0.2 mol/L HCl,于冰水浴中进行超声波提取麻痹性贝类毒素5~30 min。提取完成后将混合物于4℃冷冻离心机内离心5 min(3500 r/min),取上清液并以0.1 mol/L NaOH或5 mol/L HCl调整至pH为2.0~4.0。经超滤膜过滤后的提取液以高效液相色谱柱后衍生荧光检测法进行毒素分析,研究毒素组分间的转化关系和提取效率,并与超声波提取法进行了比较。结果表明,采用0.04~0.25 mol/L HCl和0.04~1.0 mol/L HAc从贝肉中提取PSP毒素,各毒素组分浓度差异不大,当HCl浓度大于0.25 mol/L时,N-磺酰氨甲酰基类毒素C1浓度急剧降低,HCl浓度大于0.5 mol/L时,N-磺酰氨甲酰基类毒素C2和GTX5浓度急剧降低,三者在酸度过大的情况下分解或转化为膝沟藻毒素-2(GTX2),膝沟藻毒素-3(GTX3)和石房蛤毒素(STX)。在相同浓度酸的情况下,超声波提取液中C1毒素的浓度显著低于沸水浴提取法,但C2的浓度略高于沸水浴提取液。 相似文献
13.
用三烷基混合叔胺(N235)-正辛醇-磺化煤油从菜籽粕酸脱毒废液中萃取植酸,研究了水相pH值、植酸浓度、N235浓度对植酸分配比的影响。 确定萃取植酸的最佳条件为:初始pH=3.0、N235的浓度0.17 mol/L、正辛醇浓度0.48 mol/L、相比R为5∶1、萃取时间5 min,对0.02 mol/L标准植酸溶液的萃取率为95.2%。 以0.25 mol/L NaOH溶液为反萃取剂,在相比5∶2下反萃取5 min,三级反萃取总收率达到82.6%。 实验证明加入正辛醇可提高N235萃取植酸的分配比,可能与正辛醇和N235形成“分子簇”结构产生协同萃取有关。 相似文献
14.
皂化P204微乳体系萃取大豆蛋白的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了NaOH皂化P204/正辛烷微乳体系萃取大豆蛋白的机理和工艺,考察了大豆加入量、P204的浓度、NaOH的浓度、萃取时间、水相pH值及离子强度等对大豆蛋白萃取率的影响。实验结果表明,该微乳体系萃取大豆蛋白的优化工艺条件为:大豆粉与微乳液的质量体积比1∶10,P204在油相中浓度0.8 mol/L,NaOH的浓度1.25 mol/L,萃取时间15 min,外水相pH值5,萃取率可达88.48%。通过调节水相pH和离子强度可实现大豆蛋白的萃取和反萃取。 相似文献
15.
Volkan Eyupoglu Halil Ibrahim Turgut Recep Ali Kumbasar 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2018,39(6):802-813
The study was to determine selective removal and recovery of Cr(VI) from acidic media by solvent extraction (SX) using asymmetric imidazolium-based room temperature imidazolium bromide salts (ARTILs) as the extractants. The relevant parameters on the extraction and the stripping of Cr(VI) were investigated to identify optimum conditions. The optimum conditions were determined as equilibration time 5 minutes, acid concentration and type 0.5?mol/L H2SO4, stirring speed 1200?rpm, extractant concentration and type 0.5?mol/L ARTIL5, phase ratio 2.0 and stripping reagent type, and concentration 2.0?mol/L NH3. In optimum conditions, decyl substituted ARTIL was best in extraction process about 99.7% of extraction rate, whereas moderately hydrophobic pentyl substituted ARTIL was best in stripping process about 70.0% of stripping rate. Also, the optimized process was found as so selective toward Cr(VI) in the presence of the other metal ions with an environmental-friendly liquid–liquid–based SX method. 相似文献
16.
A. I. Alonso A. M. Urtiaga S. Zamacona A. Irabien I. Ortiz 《Journal of membrane science》1997,130(1-2):193-203
In this work it is reported that the kinetic modelling of the separation of cadmium from phosphoric acid by non-dispersive solvent extraction. Using Cyanex 302 as selective extractant, the extraction step was carried out in a hollow fibre module containing polypropylene fibres, whereas the concentration step required a ceramic module with tubular channels due to the high acidity of the backextraction agent. Application of the methodology previously reported by the authors led to the development of a kinetic model with three design parameters, i.e., equilibrium constant of the extraction reaction (K'e = 6 × 103 mol−2/l−2), membrane mass transport coefficient of the extraction module Kme=8.33×10−8 m/s) and of the backextraction module (Kms=3.33×10−8 m/s), that described satisfactorily the behaviour of the separation-concentration system. Thus, in this work a new application of the non-dispersive solvent extraction technology is presented, characterising at the same time the behaviour and parameters of a new type of contactor, i.e., a tubular ceramic module. 相似文献
17.
以正十二烷作稀释剂, 研究了二(2-乙基己基)二硫代次膦酸(D2EHDTPA)对HNO3溶液中Am3+和Eu3+的萃取行为. 考察了酸度、 萃取剂及N 浓度和皂化度对萃取的影响. 在考察的pH范围(2.5~4.5)内, D2EHDTPA萃取Am3+和Eu3+的分配比(D)随pH值增大而增加; pH=3.65时, 分离因子(SFAm/Eu)值达到最大(4000). 随D2EHDTPA浓度的增加, DAm和DEu值均增加. 斜率分析表明, D2EHDTPA萃取Am3+和Eu3+主要形成3:1和2:1型的萃合物. N 未直接参与D2EHDTPA对Am3+和Eu3+的萃取反应. D2EHDTPA经NaOH皂化后, 萃取能力显著增强, SFAm/Eu值提高到104量级, 萃取容量约为理论值的60%. 此外, 使用高分辨质谱、 红外光谱和等温微量热滴定方法研究了D2EHDTPA与Eu3+的配位化学行为, 得到了金属离子与配体的组成比、 络合物稳定常数以及配位热力学参数ΔH, ΔS和ΔG值. 相似文献
18.
伯胺N1923萃取铁的囊效应 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
由研究伯胺N1923萃取铁(Ⅲ)的平衡,提出了萃取体系中“囊效应”的概念,并用红外光谱和电镜等分析方法加以佐证.当萃取剂伯胺N1923的浓度达到一定值后,在有机相中形成了球状的胶囊(或反向胶团).其萃取过程中既有离子缔合萃取,又有胶束增溶作用,大大提高了伯胺N1923萃取铁的分配比,呈现出“囊效应”特征. 相似文献
19.
A novel separation method was developed for the extraction and chromatographic separation of copper(II). The quantative extraction of 25.0–125.0 μg copper(II) has been observed from 0.05 to 0.25 mol/L of ascorbic acid at pH 9.0–12.0 with 0.087 mol/L N-n-octylaniline (liquid anion exchanger) coated on silica gel at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The extracted metal ion has been recovered by eluting with 25.0 ml of 1.0 mol/L hydrochloric acid and determined spectrophotometrically by rubeanic acid method. The various influencing parameters viz. acid concentrations, reagent concentration, eluates effect of pH, and effect of flow rate on extraction were studied. The method is free from large number of interferences from cations and anions. A scheme for mutual separation of copper(II), gold(III) and bismuth(III) has been developed. Copper(II) has been separated from ayurvedic (Herbal) medicine and synthetic mixtures corresponding to alloy. The log–log plot of N-n-octylaniline concentration versus the distribution coefficient indicates that the probable extracted species is [. 相似文献
20.
采用萃取剂N,N,N',N'-四丁基丙二酰胺(TBMA) 、N,N,N',N'-四辛基-3-氧戊二酰胺(TODGA)和甲基异丁基甲酮(MIBK)从氯化铝水溶液中萃取铁,以制备高纯氯化铝。 研究结果表明,当氯化铝溶液中盐酸浓度在4 mol/L左右时,TBMA和MIBK的萃取率在90%以上。 TODGA显示出优异的萃取分离性能。 当氯化铝溶液中Al3+浓度为2.0 mol/L,Fe3+浓度为0.0036 mol/L(0.2 g/L),HCl浓度为1.2 mol/L时,0.20 mol/L TODGA的环己烷或环己烷有机相对铁的一次萃取率达到99.9%以上,多次萃取后溶液中的铁含量低于0.01 mg/L,能深度去除氯化铝中的铁杂质,在工业化生产中有极大的应用价值。 相似文献