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生物传感检测血清中的细菌内毒素具有重要的应用价值,但其开发过程受到血清所含物质复杂性的限制。本文开发了一种基于磁珠-纳米金-适配体(MB-AuNPs-APT)的生物探针比色传感器。通过生物探针捕获内毒素来影响其过氧化物酶活性,进而影响H_2O_2催化3,3′,5,5′-四甲基联苯胺(TMB)产生氧化TMB的量,最终达到比色分析内毒素的目的。分析了该方法对血清中内毒素检测的可行性,结果表明,基于MB-AuNPs-APT生物探针比色传感法的检测限为0.402ng/mL,线性范围为0.1~100 ng/mL。在50%血清样品中此生物传感器检测内毒素的回收率为99.59%~112.00%,展示了该生物探针在血清中检测内毒素的可靠性。 相似文献
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即时检测(POCT)是在病人旁边或现场进行的检测,因其简单、快速、便携且不受场所限制已成为目前体外分子诊断技术发展的一支风向标。而生物传感器以其快速、灵敏、高效、便携及易于自动化、微型化等优点在发展现场即时检测技术中具有非常大的潜力。近年来,随着生物传感技术、互联网技术的发展及各种新技术、新方法的兴起和融合,POCT技术和方法得到了实质性发展。本文简要介绍了生物传感器的分类和生物传感器在POCT中的应用现状,综述了近年来各类生物传感器在面向POCT检测应用的研究进展。生物传感器根据类型主要分为基于微流控芯片的生物传感器、基于纸的生物传感器、基于纳米材料的生物传感器、基于手机检测平台的生物传感器及集成的生物传感器等,并对这些传感器平台在POCT检测方面的应用做了阐述,最后对生物传感器在POCT应用中存在的问题进行了讨论,并对其发展趋势及前景做了展望。 相似文献
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由于长期滥用可卡因会对人体产生心律失常、心肌梗死、中风、高血压、主动脉僵硬等不良影响,可卡因已成为当今最危险和非法滥用的药物之一,传统的可卡因色谱分析方法存在耗时、样本处理繁琐和操作复杂等缺点。因此,改善传统可卡因分析方法对打击犯罪和发展医学具有一定的积极影响。由于生物传感器的准确性和便携性,基于免疫和适配体技术的生物传感器是检测可卡因的一个重要发展方向。在这篇综述中,主要讲述了近年来不同类型的可卡因生物传感器,涵盖了基于电化学、荧光、比色等方法在可卡因检测上的进展,对可卡因的免疫和适配体生物传感器进行了归纳和综述,并总结了可卡因传感器的优缺点和发展方向。 相似文献
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《分析试验室》2016,(6)
介绍了近年来重金属离子检测的研究现状,综述了电化学生物传感器在重金属离子检测中的应用及其在检测灵敏度、选择性、响应速度、易于操作与实时在线检测方面的优点,阐述了基于生物敏感界面构建的电化学生物传感器在重金属离子检测中的重要作用。分类讨论了国内外一些典型的特异性识别重金属的生物受体,如核酸类,蛋白质类有氨基酸、酶、抗原抗体,细胞微生物等用于构建敏感界面而开发的生物传感器在重金属离子检测领域的进展与成果,以及在构建敏感界面的过程中各种新型纳米材料如金属纳米粒子、碳纳米材料、纳米复合材料等的应用对传感器检测效果的影响。最后结合生物传感器的现状及相关学科的发展,展望了电化学生物传感器在重金属离子检测领域的发展方向。 相似文献
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人体生理指标是衡量健康与否的重要标准。传统的检测方法通常要求单独的实验室、复杂的操作流程且耗费较长的检测时间,难以满足快速诊断和居家健康监测的需求,因此亟需开发便携、快速和精准的现场检测技术。即时检测(Point-of-care testing, POCT)区别于传统实验室检测的主要特征是不需要实验室繁杂的分析过程即可实现生物分子的快速原位检测。智能手机作为日常生活广泛使用的通讯工具,具有独立的操作系统,内置存储功能,还配备高清摄像头,在POCT可视化检测方面有巨大的应用潜力。将各种生物传感技术与智能手机相结合已经发展成为POCT领域的一个新方向。本文对近年来基于智能手机的可视化生物传感器在POCT中的研究进展进行了评述,包括比色传感器、荧光传感器、化学发光传感器和电化学发光传感器等,总结了目前基于智能手机可视化生物传感器在POCT应用中面临的问题,并对其未来发展前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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Due to their unique optical and electronic properties, quantum dots (QDs) have been widely used in a variety of biosensors
for sensitive detection of biomarkers and small molecules. However, single QD exhibits dynamic fluctuation of fluorescence
intensity (i.e., blinking) with the transition between on and off states, which adversely influences the development of QD-based
optical biosensors. Therefore, the methods for efficient evaluation of on-state QD are especially important and highly desirable.
In this paper, a novel and unique approach based on single-molecule two-color coincidence detection is developed to simply
and accurately evaluate the on-state QDs in a microfluidic flow. Our results demonstrate that improved QDs in the on state
are detected in a microfluidic flow in comparison with that in the Brownian motion state, thus paving the way to the development
of single QD-based biosensors for sensitive detection of low-abundance biomolecules. This single-molecule two-color coincidence
detection has been applied for the homegeneous detection of nucleic acids in a microfluidic flow with the detection sensitivity
of 5.0 fM. 相似文献
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J. Justin Gooding 《Analytica chimica acta》2006,559(2):137-151
This review paper outlines the important issues with regards to the development of biosensors for the monitoring of biological warfare agents (BWAs) starting with the basic components of biosensors and the features of BWAs, which are compatible with detection using biological recognition molecules. The advantages and limitations of biosensors are discussed followed by the current state of the art in biosensors for detecting BWAs. Finally the developments required to enable biosensors to become more effective at providing early warning of possible biological attack and advances towards these developments are covered. 相似文献
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生物体内的细胞通常会分泌各种各样的蛋白质,这些蛋白质在生物体中发挥着重要作用,尤其是可被用于诊断各种疾病的发生和发展。多肽具有良好选择性、空间适应能力和识别灵活的特点,可与不同类型的蛋白分子形成非共价键,用于蛋白质的生物检测。将多肽与电化学生物传感器结合用于蛋白质的广谱检测具有良好的发展前景。本文介绍了多肽修饰的电化学传感器在不同蛋白质检测方面的研究进展,分析了待测蛋白质的不同对多肽修饰的电化学传感器分类的影响及其优缺点,提出了基于多肽的电化学传感器在不同蛋白质检测中存在的问题,并展望了其未来发展。 相似文献
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食源性致病菌或其产生的毒素污染的食物会给人体健康带来严重威胁,并造成巨大的经济损失。近年来,金属有机骨架材料(MOFs)作为一种新型的多孔晶体材料,因其具有大的表面积、高的孔隙率等特点,受到人们的广泛关注。将MOFs与生物传感器结合用于食源性致病菌或毒素的检测引起了研究者的兴趣。基于此,本文介绍了MOFs用于生物传感器的优势,概述了MOFs在不同的电化学和光学生物传感器的应用,综述了基于MOFs的生物传感器在致病菌或毒素的研究进展,讨论了基于MOFs的生物传感器在致病菌或毒素所面临的挑战和展望。 相似文献
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《Electroanalysis》2003,15(3):157-167
This review discusses current development in electrochemical biosensors for detection of biological warfare agents. This could include bacteria, viruses and toxins that are aerosoled deliberately in air, food or water to spread terrorism and cause disease or death to humans, animals or plants. The rapid and unequivocal detection and identification of biological warfare agents is a major challenge for any government including military, health and other government agents. Reliable, specific characterization and identification of the microorganism from sampling location, either air, water, soil or others is required. This review will survey different types of electrochemical biosensors has been developed based on the following: i) Immunosensors ii) PCR (DNA base Sensor) iii) Bacteria or whole cell sensor and iv) Enzyme sensor. This article gives an overview of electrochemical biosensor for detection of biological warfare agents. Electrochemical biosensors have the advantages of sensitivity, selectivity, to operate in turbid media, and amenable to miniaturization. Recent developments in immunofiltration, flow injection, and flow‐through electrochemical biosensors for bacteria, viruses, and toxin detection are reviewed. The current research and development in biosensors for biological warfare agents detection is of interest to the public as well as to the defense is also discussed. 相似文献
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Graphene, a honeycomb lattice of carbon material with single-atom-layer structure, demonstrates extraordinary mechanical, thermal, chemical and electronic properties. Thus, it has sparked tremendous interests in various fields, such as energy storage and conversion devices, field-effect transistors (FET), chemical sensors and biosensors. In this review, we will first focus on the synthesis method of graphene and the fabrication strategy of graphene-based materials. Subsequently, the construction of graphene-based biosensors are introduced, in which three kinds of biosensors are discussed in details, including the FET, electrochemical biosensors and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensors. The performances of the state-of-the-art biosensors on the detection of biomolecules are also displayed. Finally, we also highlight some critical challenges remain to be solved and the development in this field for further research. 相似文献
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W. Russ Algar 《Analytica chimica acta》2010,673(1):1-25
A comprehensive review of the development of assays, bioprobes, and biosensors using quantum dots (QDs) as integrated components is presented. In contrast to a QD that is selectively introduced as a label, an integrated QD is one that is present in a system throughout a bioanalysis, and simultaneously has a role in transduction and as a scaffold for biorecognition. Through a diverse array of coatings and bioconjugation strategies, it is possible to use QDs as a scaffold for biorecognition events. The modulation of QD luminescence provides the opportunity for the transduction of these events via fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET), charge transfer quenching, and electrochemiluminescence (ECL). An overview of the basic concepts and principles underlying the use of QDs with each of these transduction methods is provided, along with many examples of their application in biological sensing. The latter include: the detection of small molecules using enzyme-linked methods, or using aptamers as affinity probes; the detection of proteins via immunoassays or aptamers; nucleic acid hybridization assays; and assays for protease or nuclease activity. Strategies for multiplexed detection are highlighted among these examples. Although the majority of developments to date have been in vitro, QD-based methods for ex vivo biological sensing are emerging. Some special attention is given to the development of solid-phase assays, which offer certain advantages over their solution-phase counterparts. 相似文献
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电化学DNA生物传感器* 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对特异DNA序列的检测在基因相关疾病的诊断、军事反恐和环境监测等方面均具有非常重要的意义,DNA传感器的研究就是为了满足对特异DNA序列的快速、便捷、高灵敏度和高选择性检测的需要。近年来涌现出了多种传感策略,根据检测方法的不同可以大致分为光学传感器、电化学传感器、声学传感器等。由于电化学检测方法本身所具有的灵敏、快速、低成本和低能耗等特点,电化学DNA传感器已成为一个非常活跃的研究领域并在近几年中得到了快速发展。本文概括了近年来在DNA传感器的重要分支——电化学DNA传感器领域内的一些重要进展,主要包括DNA探针在传感界面上的固定方法和各种电化学DNA杂交信号的检测方法。 相似文献