银电极表面异亮氨酸单分子膜结构和表面性质的表面增强拉曼光谱研究

利用表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)技术研究了在粗糙化银电极表面吸附的异亮氨酸自组装单层膜结构及其表面性质随溶液酸碱性和电极电位改变的特征.研究结果表明溶液pH值的变化并没有显著改变异亮氨酸分子在银电极表面以去质子化羧基吸附为主的特征.借助于高氯酸根离子这一SERS光谱探针,对异亮氨酸单分子膜的表面酸碱性质进行了表征和分析.而就电位改变对该单分子膜结构的影响而言,在所研究的电位范围内,单分子膜中的异亮氨酸分子是通过去质子化羧基与氨基两个位点而吸附的,且吸附作用随电位负移而呈现有规律的变化.     

TiO2电极表面氰基吡啶吸附的电化学SERS光谱

采用基于核壳纳米粒子的壳层隔绝纳米粒子增强拉曼(SHINERS)以及Au纳米粒子增强技术, 对比研究了4-氰基吡啶(4-CNPy)在TiO2表面的吸附行为. 结果表明, 采用2种技术所获得的光谱存在明显的差别. 利用前者得到了4-CNPy在TiO2电极上随电极电位变化的吸附方式. 在电位为0时, 分子以吡啶环上的N垂直吸附; 随电位负移, 部分分子变为倾斜吸附, 且在电位为-1.0 V时倾斜角度变大. 在正电位区间, 分子始终以吡啶环上的N垂直吸附. 而采用Au纳米粒子滴加在TiO2电极上的方式, 则得到吸附在TiO2, Au及TiO2/Au复合结构上的总光谱信息.     

金与银电极表面甘氨酸分子吸附作用的SERS光谱研究

本文利用表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)技术研究了甘氨酸在金与银基底表面的吸附作用特征。研究表明甘氨酸分子以COO-的不对称形式吸附于金电极表面,且NH2也是其可能的吸附位点;而在银电极表面,则主要是通过COO-的对称形式而吸附。在此基础上,进一步研究了电极电位与溶液酸碱性对吸附于粗糙化银电极表面甘氨酸分子吸附作用的影响。研究结果表明,甘氨酸分子中去质子化羧基的吸附作用受电位影响较小,而电位对-NH3+吸附作用的影响程度较大。另一方面,溶液pH值对银电极表面的甘氨酸分子吸附行为的影响也较为显著。随着溶液酸性减小羧基倾向于相对于电极表面平行吸附。这是由于随着溶液碱性增大氨基质子化程度的减小,有利于氨基在银电极表面吸附。这将改变分子的吸附构型使其更接近于电极表面。这些变化主要出现在pH值大于10的条件下。     

Au@SiO2膜/Ti电极吸附吡啶的表面增强拉曼光谱研究

基于壳层隔绝纳米粒子增强拉曼光谱技术,合成了Au@SiO₂纳米粒子,并对其进行了相关表征. 结果表明,包裹的二氧化硅层连续、致密,Au@SiO₂膜/Ti电极上可获得金属钛电极上吸附吡啶分子的高质量表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）信号. 通过Pt、Ni电极的测试,证实该信号源于吸附在基底表面的吡啶分子. 此外,Au@SiO₂膜/Ti电极上吸附吡啶分子的现场SERS光谱研究表明,在-0.1 V ~ -0.6 V电位区间,吡啶分子平躺吸附,从-0.6 V起吸附的吡啶分子由平躺逐转变为垂直,而当电位为-1.2 V时,电极表面析氢,吡啶脱附.     

表面增强拉曼光谱研究基于轴向配位键结合的金属卟啉自组装膜

选择一种金属卟啉有机物(5-对-烷氧基苯基-10,15,20-三苯基卟啉羟基稀土化合物, HoOH)和4,4'-联吡啶(44BPY)作为自组装膜的基本构筑单元, 利用金属配位作用, 成功地将HoOH单分子膜组装到44BPY修饰的银表面. 采用紫外-可见吸收光谱、表面增强拉曼光谱研究了金属卟啉自组装膜的形成并且探索其结构和取向的变化. 结果表明, 底层的44BPY通过4位的N原子垂直吸附到银表面, 另一端的吡啶环上的N原子与HoOH的金属中心配位形成化学键. 从而在44BPY长轴向方向上将HoOH连接到44BPY自组装膜上, 并形成了新的交替膜. 之后, 底层的44BPY取向发生变化, 更向基底倾斜, 而上层的HoOH的分子平面则近乎平行于基底.     

胞嘧啶吸附在粗糙金电极上的表面增强拉曼光谱

应用电化学伏安法和表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)研究在-1.0 V~0 V电位区间内胞嘧啶于粗糙金电极表面的吸附行为.结果表明,在本实验的电位区间,胞嘧啶是以其N3位垂直吸附在粗糙金电极表面的.在负电位区间环呼吸振动模的强度出现极大值,与其它振动模强度相比,作者认为电磁场的增强和电荷转移均使该谱峰的拉曼信号增强.胞嘧啶的环呼吸振动频率随着电位负移而红移,这意味着它与金电极的成键作用减弱.同时也表明SERS谱可用于研究生物分子在金属电极表面的吸附行为.     

离子液体中Fe电极界面结构的SERS光谱研究

采用高灵敏度的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)技术, 结合不同长度的探针分子, 通过电化学调控研究了Fe电极在离子液体中的表面增强因子、零电荷电位、界面吸附及界面双电层结构. 利用壳层隔绝纳米粒子增强拉曼光谱(SHINERS)技术提高表面吸附物种的拉曼信号, 降低高浓度本体的信号干扰, 研究了1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐([BMIm]BF₄)离子液体本身在Au@SiO₂修饰的Fe电极表面的吸附行为. 结果表明,[BMIm]BF₄在Au@SiO₂修饰的Fe电极表面的吸附行为随电位变化而变化. 在-1.3 V以正区间, 咪唑阳离子以垂直吸附为主, 随电位负移逐渐倾斜甚至平躺吸附于电极表面; 当电位负至-2.3 V, 咪唑阳离子还原成卡宾. 再分别以不同分子长度的硫氰根(SCN^-)和4-氰基吡啶(4-CNPy)为探针分子, 发现SCN^-在[BMIm]BF₄中以N端吸附在纯Fe电极上, 三键频率随电位变化的速率, 即Stark系数为17 cm^-1/V; 4-CNPy以吡啶环上的N垂直吸附于Fe电极上, 频率保持不变, 即Stark系数接近零. 以上结果表明, 在离子液体中电极界面双电层与水体系的差别较大, 电位主要分布在电极紧密层中, 几乎无分散层存在. 此外, 还计算了[BMIm]BF₄中Fe电极的增强因子约为1.5×10².     

银表面罗丹明6G的电化学表面增强拉曼光谱研究

罗丹明6G（Rhodamine 6G,R6G）是单分子表面增强拉曼光谱（SM-SERS）研究中最常用的探针分子之一,对R6G分子在表面吸附行为的研究有助于了解R6G分子和表面的相互作用. 本文应用电化学和电化学表面增强拉曼光谱技术,研究不同电位下R6G的银电极表面的吸附行为. 结果表明,随着电位负移罗丹明6G在银表面上从垂直吸附转为倾斜吸附,该变化和碱性条件下吸附于金纳米粒子上R6G的吸附构象一致. 这说明,在部分单分子实验中所发现的R6G反常光谱其来源是单个R6G分子在表面吸附取向变化. 本研究对后续详细分析SM-SERS研究中单分子SERS谱峰变化的机制有一定的参考价值.     

非水体系苯并咪唑及衍生物吸附的电化学表面增强拉曼光谱研究

应用电化学现场表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)以及直接电化学合成技术分别研究了非水体系中苯并咪唑及2-巯基苯并咪唑在铜电极表面的吸附行为及其与三苯基膦(pph3)共存的表面过程.在较负电位区间苯并咪唑主要以分子形式吸附在电极表面.在较正电位区间,电极表面生成类高分子(CuBIM)n膜,具有缓蚀作用,对含有pph3的该体系,Cu+首先与pph3配位形成稳定的阳离子,进入溶液之后与BIM配位生成稳定的配合物,导致不能在表面有效地成膜而破坏了苯并咪唑的缓蚀作用.2-巯基苯并咪唑在Cu表面主要通过自组装单层方式在电极表面吸附,且在实验测试的电位区间内,MBI均是以S端与金属表面作用,其吸附取向随电位正移由倾斜逐渐向接近垂直过渡,并在金属表面形成MBI单分子层膜.pph3的加入不影响MBI在Cu电极表面的成膜行为.电化学现场模拟合成及产物结构组成解析为推断表面反应过程提供了直接证据.     

咪唑对锌缓蚀机理的表面增强拉曼光谱研究

利用电化学现场表面增强拉曼光谱技术(SERS)研究了咪唑在锌表面的成膜和缓蚀行为, 讨论了电位和pH值对咪唑分子和金属表面作用的影响. 锌电极上的表面拉曼光谱研究结果表明, 中性溶液中咪唑对锌的缓蚀作用明显, 它通过氮端垂直吸附在锌表面, 从而阻止锌的腐蚀, 其吸附取向不随电位的变化而改变; 在碱性溶液中咪唑和锌的作用较弱, 而且电位变化可以使其吸附取向发生改变, 在较正电位下咪唑以氮端垂直吸附, 在较负电位下以咪唑环倾斜吸附.     

异喹啉吸附在银电极上的表面增强拉曼光谱研究

异喹啉吸附在银电极上的表面增强拉曼光谱研究陈建赵文涛，胡继明，徐知三，盛蓉生（中山大学测试中心，广州，５１０２７５）（武汉大学分析测试科学系，武汉，４３００７２）关键词异喹啉，ＳＥＲＳ，吸附，取向喹啉类和异喹啉类化合物在作为电解冶金、铜精炼和电镀的有...     

Orientation of 6-mercaptopurine SAMs at the silver electrode as studied by Raman mapping and in situ SERS

Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of 6-mercaptopurine (6MP) on a silver electrode in acid and alkaline media were investigated by a combination protocol of the SERS technique with Raman mapping, and it was found that the adsorption mode of 6MP SAMs changed with the pH value of the environment. Quantum calculations for the vibrational mode were performed by the BLYP/6-31G method. 6MP was adsorbed on the silver electrode with a tilted orientation via S, N1, and N7 atoms in acid medium, while the SAMs adopted head-on adsorption modes with the S atom and the N1 atom anchoring the silver surface in alkaline medium. However, 6MP SAMs turned to the same upright orientation on the electrode through the S and N7 atoms when either acid or basic solution was removed. Stability of 6MP SAMs was observed by in situ SERS spectroelectrochemical measurements. The results reveal that the desorption potentials of 6MP SAMs formed under acid and alkaline conditions from the Ag electrode were at ca. -1.3 V and -1.6 V vs SCE, respectively.     

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering and the adsorption behavior of (RS)-phenylsuccinic acid

The surface geometry of (RS)-phenylsuccinic acid molecule was studied by analysis of the SERS spectra of aromatic dicarboxylic acid adsorbed on silver colloid surfaces. For a reliable analysis of the SERS spectrum, we also performed density functional theoretical calculations. The SERS spectral features indicated that the RSPSA molecules should bound to the silver as dicarboxylate, with a strongly tilted orientation with respect to the normal to the surface. Such a tilted orientation was presumed to occur by the simultaneous sigma and pi-type coordination of carboxylate groups to silver surface caused by the steric hindrance and electrostatic repulsion between the two carboxylate groups, and thereby RSPSA on silver was easily displaced with aromatic carboxylic acids. A sigma-type coordination therefore seemed to be more important than a pi-type coordination for aromatic carboxylic acid derivatives to assemble on a silver surface. The large enhancement of in-plane bending, out of plane bending and ring breathing modes in the surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectrum indicates that the molecule is adsorbed on the silver surface in a 'at least vertical' configuration, with the ring perpendicular to the silver surface.     

Infrared and Raman spectroscopic study of 1,2-benzenedithiol adsorbed on silver

Adsorption of 1,2-benzenedithiol (1,2-BDT) on a silver surface has been investigated by surface-enhanced Raman (SER) and reflection-absorption infrared (RAI) spectroscopy. The molecule was adsorbed on silver very favorably by forming two Ag---S bonds after deprotonation. From the RAI spectral pattern, the benzene ring of adsorbed 1,2-BDT was presumed to be tilted by ca. 38° from the surface normal. This RAI information was used to test the validity of various proposed SER selection rules. Being frequently quoted in the literature, the presence or absence of the benzene ring CH stretching vibration in the SER spectrum seemed, in fact, to be a very useful indicator in judging the perpendicular or parallel orientation of the benzene ring with respect to the surface. However, the so-called in-plane/out-of-plane dichotomy as well as the more elaborate symmetry-based electromagnetic selection rule was found not to work in the present system.     

Adsorption Behaviors of 4-Mercaptobenzoic Acid on Silver and Gold Films

The adsorption behaviors of 4-mercaptobenzoic acid on silver and gold nanoparticles were studied by surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and density functional theory. The silver and gold films by electrodeposition have the same excellent characteristics as SERS-active substrates. At the same, the SERS spectra indicate that 4-mercaptobenzoic acid molecules are adsorbed on the surfaces of gold nanoparticles through the S atom, and that the carboxyl group is far away from surface of gold nanoparticles, and that there is a certain angle between the plane of benzene ring and gold film. However, 4-mercaptobenzoic acid molecules are adsorbed on the surfaces of silver nanoparticles through the carboxyl group, and the S atom is far away from surface of silver nanoparticles, and there is also a certain angle between the plane of benzene ring and the surface of silver nanoparticles. Here it is demonstrated the calculated Raman frequencies are in good agreement with experimental values, and the calculated Raman frequencies are also helpful to infer the adsorption behaviors of 4-mercaptobenzoic acid molecules.     

In situ surface-enhanced Raman scattering and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic investigation of coenzyme Q10 on silver electrode

In this study, coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ(10)) has been investigated by in situ near-infrared Fourier transform surface-enhanced Raman scattering (NIR-FT-SERS) spectroelectrochemistry and angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AR-XPS) on silver surface. The surface adsorption behavior of the coenzyme Q(10) radical intermediate could be monitored by potential-dependent SERS technique. At the applied potential lower than -0.30 V vs. SCE, the radical intermediate CoQ(10)H˙ stands perpendicularly on the silver surface with both oxygen atoms of the aromatic ring and isoprenoid side chains. When the applied potential is more positive than -0.30 V vs. SCE or at open circuit potential, the quinone ring (benzene ring) of reduced form of coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ(10)H(2)) adopts a face-on surface configuration on the surface. The responsible mechanism for the potential-dependent SERS spectra is presented. Moreover, the adsorption conformation of CoQ(10) has been further confirmed by AR-XPS at the silver surface.     

表面增强拉曼光谱研究小檗碱与DNA的相互作用

用表面增强拉曼光谱研究了小檗碱（BER）与小牛胸腺DNA（ct DNA)的相互作用,并对重要谱峰进行了归属。在Ag胶体系中,小檗碱分子的拉曼信号增强显著,表明小檗碱阳离子键合到银胶粒子的表面。加入ct NA之后,小檗碱分子的大部分SERS带的强度进一步增加,而仅有少数几个带的信号强度趋于消失,可能是小檗碱分子的异喹啉部分键合到DNA的小沟槽,小檗碱与DNA的相互作用模式主要是通过静电力及疏水相互作用,吸收光谱表明,Ag胶体系的存在并未改变小檗碱分子与DNA的相互作用模式。     

Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy study of the potential dependence of thymine on silver electrodes

The potential-induced changes in thymine coordination on polycrystalline silver electrodes are studied by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) for potentials positive to the potential of zero charge up to the end of the double layer range. Two distinct sets of spectra could be obtained in the range of potentials studied. Both states correspond to chemisorbed phases of thymine on silver, where a distinct heteroatom is deemed responsible for the bond with the surface. At less positive potentials, one of the ring oxygen atoms is responsible for the chemical bond and the molecule assumes a tilted position. At more positive potentials, one of the ring nitrogen atoms, possibly deprotonated, establishes a new bond with the surface, aligning the molecule's axis closer to the surface normal.This paper is dedicated to Prof. Wolf Vielstich on the occasion of his 80th birthday for his outstanding contributions to electrochemistry     

尿嘧啶在银电极表面吸附状态的研究

综合分析了尿嘧啶在银电极表面不同条件的表面增强激光Ｒａｍａｎ光谱（ＳＥＲＳ）,利用扩展的Ｈüｃｋｅｌ分子轨道法（ＥＨＭＯ）对尿嘧啶分子在银电极表面的吸附状态进行了计算．结果表明：最稳定的吸附构型能较成功地阐明尿嘧啶吸附在银表面的ＳＥＲＳ谱;尿嘧啶在银表面主要是以Ｎ（３）去质子化的形式吸附;尿嘧啶在银表面的吸附取向是由其浓度和银表面电位共同决定;在较低浓度和较高电位时,Ｎ（３）去质子化的尿嘧啶离子在银表面主要是通过Ｃ（２）及整个嘧啶环上的π电子体系与银表面的相互作用平躺地吸附;在较高浓度和较低电位时,吸附取向发生改变,即主要是通过Ｎ（３）与Ｏ（１０）以及Ｎ（３）与Ｏ（８）垂直地共同吸附在银表面上     

Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering of Rhodamine 123 in Silver Hydrosols and in Langmuir-Blodgett Films on Silver Islands

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) of the Rhodamine 123 (Rh 123) molecule on ion-induced silver colloids has been studied. A time-dependent study of the SER spectra at a particular pH confirms charge transfer interaction between the probe molecule and the metal. The SER spectra of Rh 123 in Ag sol is compared with that of the molecules organized in a monolayer on silver island films by the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique. The origin of high SERS activity of Rh 123 molecules in a monolayer on a silver island film is shown to be due to physisorption whereas in the ion-induced colloidal SERS both physisorption and chemisorption machanisms are involved. From these results, the contribution of charge transfer interaction to SERS in Ag sol has been estimated. In monolayer SERS, all the in-plane and out-of-plane (of xanthene ring) modes are more or less equally enhanced. This indicates that the xanthene plane of Rh 123 molecule organized in a LB film is oriented neither flat nor perpendicular to the silver island surface but is tilted. Copyright 2001 Academic Press.