甲烷部分氧化制甲醛催化剂MoO_3／SiO_2及MoO-3·MxOy／SiO_2的程序升温还原研究

利用程序升温还原（ＴＰＲ）方法，研究了甲烷部分氧化制甲醛催化剂ＭｏＯ３／ＳｉＯ２及添加金属氧化物的ＭｏＯ３·ＭｘＯｙ／ＳｉＯ２（Ｍ＝Ｖ、Ｆｅ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｒ、Ｃｕ）催化剂上，活性组分在载体上的分散及ＭｏＯ３与ＭｘＯｙ的相互作用．发现钼含量的提高不利于ＭｏＯ３在ＳｉＯ２上的分散，催化剂表面晶相ＭｏＯ３随钼含量的提高而增多．ＳｉＯ２上担载的活性组分有一个最佳值，对应于最佳催化活性．ＭｏＯ３·ＭｘＯｙ／ＳｉＯ２催化剂中ＭｏＯ３与ＭｘＯｙ发生了不同的相互作用，影响催化剂表面的活性氧物种，导致它们对甲烷氧化活性和甲醛选择性的不同．ＭｏＯ３·Ｖ２Ｏ５／ＳｉＯ２是比较好的催化剂，且Ｖ２Ｏ５添加量有最佳值，对应甲烷氧化制甲醛也有较高的活性和选择性．     

MoO_3·B_2O_3／SiO_2催化剂上甲烷选择氧化制甲醛

ＭｏＯ_３·Ｂ_２Ｏ_３／ＳｉＯ_２催化剂上甲烷选择氧化制甲醛曹立新，陈燕馨，李文钊（中国科学院大连化学物理研究所，大连１１６０２３）关键词甲烷，氧化，甲醛，催化剂。１．前言目前工业上由甲烷合成甲醛共需三个步骤：（１）在Ｎｉ催化剂上甲烷进行“水蒸汽重整”...     

对称电场催化增强甲烷转化合成C_2研究(英文)

利用电场作用通过交流和直流等离子体在低温、常压和低功率下催化反应将甲烷直接转化为碳二烃（乙烷、乙烯、乙炔）。考察了在对称电场作用下催化剂的催化性能。实验结果表明,在交流电场作用下,碳二烃选择性差别不大;甲烷转化率的大小顺序为： ＭｎＯ_２／Ａｌ２Ｏ３＞Ｎｉ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３＞ＭｏＯ_３／Ａｌ２Ｏ３＞Ａｌ２Ｏ３＞Ｎｉ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３＞ＭｏＯ_３／Ａｌ２Ｏ３＞Ｎｉ／ＮａＹ＞Ｐｄ／ＺＳＭ－５＞Ｎｉ／Ｈ４Ｍｇ２Ｓｉ３Ｏ４＞Ｎｉ／ＺＳＭ－５＞Ｃｏ／ＺＳＭ－５＞无催化剂：在直流电场作用下,碳二烃选择性差别也不大（除Ｎｉ／ＮａＹ外）,甲烷转化率的大小顺序为： Ｎｉ／Ａ１２Ｏ３＞Ｎｉ／Ｈ４Ｍｇ２Ｓｉ３Ｏ４＞Ｎｉ／ＺＳＭ－５＞Ｃｏ／ＺＳＭ－５＞ＭｎＯ２／Ａ１２Ｏ３＞ＭｏＯ３／Ａ１２Ｏ３＞Ｎｉ／ＮａＹ＞无催化剂＞Ｐｄ／ＺＳＭ－５。     

MoO＿3／（TiO＿2－SiO＿2）催化剂的表面分散状态及催化性能的研究

用气相流动吸附法（ｇｒａｆｔｉｎｇ）制备复合载体，用浸渍法（ｉｍｐｒｅｇｎａｔｉｏｎ）制备ＭｏＯ３／（ＴｉＯ２－ＳｉＯ２）催化剂．应用ＬＲＳ和ＴＰＲ技术研究ＭｏＯ３在复合载体ＴｉＯ２－ＳｉＯ２表面的分散状态，发现ＴｉＯ２在ＳｉＯ２表面的分散可增强ＭｏＯ３与载体之间的相互作用，提高ＭｏＯ３在载体表面的分散阈值．催化剂的活性评价在固定床中压反应装置中进行，以６９％（ｗｔ）环己烷、２０％（ｗｔ）的环己烯、１０％（ｗｔ）的苯、１％（ｗｔ）的噻吩混合液为反应液，以噻吩、环己烯和苯的转化率作为催化剂的ＨＤＳ、ＨＹＤ、ＢＨＤ活性指标．结果表明，经ＴｉＯ２调变后，其ＨＤＳ、ＨＹＤ、ＢＨＤ活性都较原来高，对于不同ＭｏＯ３含量的ＭｏＯ３／（ＴｉＯ２－ＳｉＯ２），ＨＤＳ、ＨＹＤ催化性能测试发现，当ＭｏＯ３含量低于分散阈值时，其ＨＤＳ、ＨＹＤ活性随ＭｏＯ３含量线性上升，但在高于分散阈值后，几乎保持不变．该催化剂对苯几乎没有加氢活性，显示出很高的环己烯加氢选择性．通过分散阈值与其ＨＤＳ、ＨＹＤ活性的关系可知，分散阈值可作为优化加氢精制催化剂配比的一个重要参数，具有较强的实际意义     

负载型钼基催化剂上甲烷,乙烷无氧芳构化反应研究

研究了不同载体钼基催化剂上甲烷，乙烷的无氧芳构化反应。在所采用的载体中，ＨＺＳＭ－５具有最佳性能，对甲烷的芳构化反应，Ｍｏ／ＨＺＳＭ－５催化剂表现出较高的活性和芳烃选择性；而Ｍｏ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３或Ｍｏ／ＳｉＯ２催化剂则相对较差。对于乙烷的反应，钼物种的存在更有利于甲烷或乙烯的生成，芳烃选择性相对较低。钼物种较强的断键能力可能是使甲烷Ｃ－Ｈ键活化的原因。     

Co－Mo／TiO_2和C0－M0／γ－Al_2O_3加氢脱硫催化剂的研究

本文考察了ＣｏＭｏ／ＴｉＯ３和ＣｏＭｏ／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂的加氢脱硫性能及表面结构变化和预处理条件对其活性的影响．担体ＴｉＯ２（Ａ）和ＴｉＯ２（Ｂ）分别采用ＴｉＣｌ４中和法和ＴｉＯＳＯ４水解法制备．结果表明，催化剂的活性顺序为ＣｏＭｏ／ＴｉＯ２（Ａ）＞ＣｏＭｏ／ＴｉＯ２（Ｂ）＞ＣｏＭｏ／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂的预处理条件对催化剂的加氢脱硫（ＨＤＳ）和加氢（ＨＹＤ）活性有很大影响，ＴｉＯ２担体上Ｍｏ物种主要以八面体配位构型存在，Ｍｏ６＋更易于还原成低价态．     

Mo－Fe／SiO_2催化剂中钼流失动力学和流失机理的研究

作为甲醇氧化制甲醛、甲醇氨氧化制ＨＣＮ反应的催化剂，其活性组分钼的流失是导致催化剂失活的主要原因。本文结合程序升温脱附（ＴＰＤ）及Ｘ－光衍射（ＸＲＤ）等测试手段，对Ｍｏ－Ｆｅ／ＳｉＯ_２催化剂及工业实际用多元复合钼催化剂中钼的流失动力学和机理进行了研究。在ＨＣＮ合成过程中，水能引起活性组分钼的流失，而水又是反应产物。对工业用多元复合钼催化剂的流失情况进行了动力学考察，实验发现，催化剂中的钼是较难流失的，ＸＲＤ测试结果表明，Ｍｏ－Ｆｅ／ＳｉＯ_２催化剂中的钼是以Ｆｅ_２（ＭｏＯ_４）_３晶体形式存在的，而反应后催化剂中Ｍｏ为ＭｏＯ_３晶体状态。与其它催化剂比较，ＭｏＯ_３／ＳｉＯ_２催化剂中的钼难流失，而较Ｂｉ－Ｍｏ／ＳｉＯ_２催化剂中的钼易流失。其中工业用催化剂是最为稳定的。根据实验结果，结合我们以前的工作，证明Ｍｏ－Ｆｅ／ＳｉＯ_２催化剂中，由于钼组分和铁组分的相互作用，使得Ｍｏ－Ｆｅ／ＳｉＯ_２中的Ｍｏ的流失难于单组分的ＭｏＯ_３／ＳｉＯ_２催化剂，此外钼流失过程中ＭｏＯ_２（ＯＨ）_２与催化剂中铁组分反应生成钼酸盐的倾向也是Ｍｏ难于流失的原因之一。而Ｍｏ－Ｆｅ／ＳｉＯ_２和Ｍｏ－Ｂｉ／ＳｉＯ_２催化剂中钼流失速度的差异     

MoO_3（MOVS）系列催化剂上喹啉的加氯脱氮

将金属氧化物蒸汽合成法（ＭｅｔａｌＯｘｉｄｅＶａｐｏｕｒＳｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓＭＯＶＳ）制各的Ｎｉ－Ｍｏ（ＭＯＶＳ）－Ｐ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂用于喹啉的加氧脱氮（ＨＤＮ）。结果表明，与常规方法制备的同类催化剂相比，ＭＯＶＳ催化剂具有较高的ＨＤＮ活性，主要表现在Ｃ－Ｎ键断裂和苯环加氢催化活性的提高。在负载高含量ＭｏＯ３方面，ＭＯＶＳ方法还有待进一步完善。文章还讨论了制备条件（酸度，载体种类等）对催化活性的影响。     

担载型钼催化剂上的丙烷芳构化

与新鲜Ｍｏ／ＨＺＳＭ－５（Ｆ）催化剂相比,于９７３Ｋ以甲烷活化后的Ｍｏ／ＨＺＳＭ－５（Ａ）对丙烷芳构化的活性和芳烃选择性都得到显著提高,芳烃的收率从３．３５％提高到１３．８２％,根据催化剂（Ｆ）用于甲烷芳构化时存在活性诱导期,结合本实验的丙烷芳构化结果及ＸＲＤ结果,提出担载于分子筛表面的ＭｏＯ３经甲烷活化后转化为α－Ｍｏ２Ｃ后才对烷烃芳构化有较高活性。碳化钼是活性相,它的作用不在于活化烷烃,而是为     

Co基超细粒子催化剂用于合成重质烃Ru助剂的作用

用溶胶凝胶法制备了ＳｉＯ２气凝胶超细粉体及ＺｒＯ２ＳｉＯ２超细复合载体，用浸渍法制备了Ｃｏ／ＺｒＯ２ＳｉＯ２超细粒子催化剂并用干混法制备了ＣｏＲｕ／ＺｒＯ２ＳｉＯ２催化剂．考察了Ｒｕ的添加对Ｃｏ／ＺｒＯ２ＳｉＯ２催化剂的织构、结构、还原、氢脱附及其ＦＴ反应性能的影响．结果表明，Ｒｕ的添加使Ｃｏ２＋更难还原，催化剂活性略有下降，ＣＨ４选择性降低，Ｃ５＋选择性及收率升高；Ｃｏ１％Ｒｕ／ＺｒＯ２ＳｉＯ２催化剂上的烃类产物不遵从ＳｃｈｕｌｚＦｌｏｒｙ分布，在Ｃ９和Ｃ１５有两个最高峰．     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.