溶液法马来酸酐接枝氯化聚丙烯的研究

采用溶液法用马来酸酐对氯化聚丙烯接枝改性。考察了反应温度、引发剂浓度、单体浓度、溶剂用量等因素对接枝率的影响，测定了反应前后氯含量的变化。采用FT-IR和DSC对产物进行了表征。     

2-甲基-2-丁烯乳液氯化反应的研究

研究了温度、时间、紫外光照射等对天然胶乳小分子模型物(2-甲基-2-丁烯乳液)氯化反应的影响,结果表明,在有紫外光照的条件下的氯化反应速率要快于无紫外光照的;温度对氯化反应有着一定影响,在50℃以下,随温度升高产物的氯含量越高,在50℃以上,对产物的氯含量的影响不大;当温度50℃,时间达到7个小时的产物的氯含量能达到6...     

氟碳铈矿-独居石混合精矿碳热氯化反应

研究了氟碳铈矿-独居石混合精矿的高温氯化反应, 发现在活性脱氟剂存在下, 在500～800 ℃之间, 稀土氯化率由无脱氟剂时的55%～88%增至92%～99%. 当氯化反应温度低于600 ℃时, 氯化产物的酸不溶物的量随着温度的升高而降低; 而当温度高于900 ℃时, 酸不溶物的量明显增加. 脱氟剂的作用可以使氟碳铈矿-独居石混合精矿氯化反应在600 ℃的低温下进行, 这和1000～1200 ℃的Goldschmidt加碳氯化工艺明显不同.     

一种耐高温憎水聚芳醚的合成与性能初步研究

以双酚芴单体和全氟联苯为原料,通过亲核取代反应,在较低温度(120℃)下直接聚合,得到了一种高分子量的含芴部分含氟的聚芳醚,并用1H-NMR进行表征.合成的聚合物具有好的热稳定性,玻璃化温度达到271℃,5%的热失重为420℃.这些聚合物能溶于四氢呋喃、二氯甲烷、氯仿和DMAC等常见的有机溶剂,通过溶液浇注的方法制备出光滑、柔韧的膜,并利用表面接触角(CA)对膜材料的表面性能进行了表征.用氯仿制备膜的接触角为102°,而用四氢呋喃制备膜的接触角为107°,接触角接近聚四氟乙烯(112°),具有较好的憎水性.     

基于复合氯化剂CuCl_2·5/3NaCl·5/2Al_2O_3的1-氯-2-芳基乙炔的合成

直接使用CuCl2氯化芳基乙炔的反应通常存在着选择性差(有取代氯化和多种加成氯化的产物生成)、副产物多和分离困难等问题.描述了一种复合氯化剂(CuCl2·无机盐·载体)的制备以及基于该氯化剂取代氯化芳基乙炔的有效方法.首先通过一系列对比实验获得了CuCl2、载体和无机盐添加物的最佳配比.在此基础上考察了溶剂、复合氯化剂用量、反应温度诸因素对取代氯化反应的影响,提出了最佳反应条件:复合氯化剂为CuCl2·5/3Na Cl·5/2Al2O3,芳基乙炔与氯化剂的物质的量比为1∶3,溶剂为CH2Cl2,反应温度为35℃.在优化条件下,高产率(72%~99%)地合成了一系列1-氯-2-芳基乙炔目标产物1a~1n,并对这些化合物进行了表征.该方法反应条件温和、产率高、选择性好,并且适用于芳环上带有各种基团的底物.     

ATRP法合成弹性蛋白接枝共聚物及其性能研究

弹性蛋白经α-溴异丁酰溴化制备了大分子ATRP引发剂溴化弹性蛋白(E-Br), 再以E-Br作为引发剂, 在CuCl/2,2-联吡啶催化体系下, 用原子转移自由基聚合方法合成了弹性蛋白-g-聚甲基丙烯酸-β-羟乙酯接枝聚合物. 用红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、热重分析(TGA)、扫描电镜(SEM)、离子色谱和动态接触角对接枝聚合物进行了表征. 结果表明, PHEMA键接到了弹性蛋白表面; SEM显示接枝改性后弹性蛋白的表面比未改性前光滑, 但改性后样品的热性能均比未改性样品的低, 起始热分解温度由改性前的307 ℃变为265 ℃; 动态接触角实验结果表明, 接枝改性后的样品具有良好的亲水性, 反应72 h后, 其前进角由接枝前的130.45°下降到29.80°.     

聚对苯基苯酚取代磷腈的合成与表征

环状三聚六氯化磷腈在α-氯代萘中开环聚合得到聚氯化磷腈.后者与对苯基苯酚钠反应合成了标题聚合物.测定了该聚合物的IR、~1H NMR谱.GPC估计其数均分子量为6×10~4.扭辫分析表明,该聚合物的玻璃化转变温度与粘流温度分别为0℃和130℃,硫化温度为210℃.     

硫代-iniferters法改性弹性蛋白的研究

弹性蛋白经对氯甲基苯甲酰氯氯化、二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠(NaSD)硫化制备了大分子iniferter剂(E-S), 再以E-S为引发剂, 在紫外光(UV)照射下引发甲基丙烯酸-β-羟乙酯(HEMA)聚合, 合成了聚甲基丙烯酸-β-羟乙酯(E-PHEMA)改性的弹性蛋白聚合物. 用红外(FTIR)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、热重分析(TGA)、扫描电镜(SEM)和动态接触角对改性弹性蛋白进行了表征. 结果表明: PHEMA键接到了弹性蛋白上; SEM显示改性后弹性蛋白的表面比未改性前变得光滑, 但改性后样品的热性能均低于未改性样品, 起始热分解温度由改性前的307.0 ℃变为260.2 ℃, 最大失重速率温度由347 ℃降到316.3 ℃; 动态接触角实验表明改性后样品具有良好的亲水性, 反应72 h后前进角由改性前的130.45°下降到35.40°, 接触角滞后由70.42°变为35.40°.     

二苄基二氯化锡三苯基氧膦的合成及晶体结构研究

利用二苄基二氯化锡与三苯基氧膦反应 ,合成了目标化合物二苄基二氯化锡三苯基氧膦 ,其结构经元素分析表征。用X 射线单晶衍射测定其晶体结构属于三方晶系 ,空间群为P2 1,a =2 .0 2 7( 4 )nm ,b =0 .9714 ( 17)nm ,c =1.5 5 9( 3)nm ,α =90° ,β =90° ,γ =90° ,Z =4 ,V =3.0 4 9( 10 )nm3 ,Dc =1.4 0 7mg·m-3 ,u =1.0 81mm-1,F( 0 0 0 )=1312 ,R1=0 .0 370 ,wR2 =0 .0 6 88,晶体中心的Sn原子为五配位的畸变三角双锥构型     

氯化胆碱/草酸型低共熔溶剂氧化脱除模拟油硫化物

通过氯化胆碱和草酸在100℃下搅拌,合成了氯化胆碱/草酸型低共熔溶剂。以氯化胆碱/草酸为催化剂、过氧化氢为氧化剂、咪唑氟硼酸盐离子液体为萃取剂氧化萃取一体法脱除模拟油中的二苯并噻吩(DBT)。考察了反应温度、反应时间、氧化剂加入量、萃取剂类型、硫化物类型等因素对脱硫效率的影响。结果表明,当以咪唑氟硼酸盐为萃取剂,n(H2O2)/n(S)=8、反应温度30℃、反应80 min时,二苯并噻吩的脱除率可以达到95%。催化剂重复使用5次后,脱硫率仍然保持在90%。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.