四溴化碳-二苯胺成像体系光化学反应的研究

研究了CBr₄-二苯胺(DPA)自由基光敏体系的光化学过程。在250-400nm区,CBr₄的光分解速度随波长的增加而下降。分别用CBr₄、DPA及CBr₄-DPA电荷转移复合物吸收光谱最大值对应的光254、284及333nm辐照CBr₄-DPA体系,发现333nm光辐照有最大的反应速度,证明此体系光激发阶段,CBr₄-DPA生成的基态电荷转移复合物是主要的光敏物质。     

臭氧提高纳米TiO2光催化活性的ESR分析

以5,5-二甲基-1-吡咯啉-N-氧化物(DMPO)为自由基捕获剂,分别以去离子水和二甲基亚砜(DMSO)为溶剂,利用电子自旋共振(ESR)方法对UV、O₃、TiO₂/O₃、TiO₂/UV/O₂、UV/O₃和TiO₂/UV/O₃这6种体系中形成的羟基自由基(·OH)和超氧阴离子自由基(·O₂^-)进行了检测,同时考察了反应时间、催化剂投量以及体系溶解氧对TiO₂/UV/O₃体系形成·OH和·O₂^-的影响.结果显示,在纳米TiO₂光催化体系中加入臭氧,能显著增加反应体系中·OH和·O₂^-自由基的生成量,6种体系中DMPO-·OH和DMPO-·O₂^-加合物的ESR波谱峰信号强度分别为:TiO₂/UV/O₃>TiO₂/UV/O₂>UV/O₃>UV>TiO₂/O₃>O₃和TiO₂/UV/O₃≈TiO₂/UV/O₂>TiO₂/O₃>UV>UV/O₃>O₃,在TiO₂/UV/O₃体系中成功监测到·O₃^-自由基的存在.     

9,10-二苯基蒽对四溴化碳/染料体系的光谱敏化反应研究

为扩大自由基照相体系中CBr₄的光谱响应范围,本文报道了将给体荧光化合物9,10-二苯基蒽(DPA^*)。     

Cr(Ⅲ)盐在Pt电极和PbO电极上阳极氧化为铬酸盐的机理的研究

在[H₂SO₄]和[SO₄^2-]恒定的不同浓度Cr₂(SO₄)₃溶液中测定了Cr³⁺在光滑Pt和PbO₂电极上的稳态极化曲线和分解极化曲线,得到了氧的阳极发生和Cr⁶⁺阳极形成的动力学数据,提出了Cr(Ⅵ)是由Cr(Ⅲ)通过"活性氧"的氧化形成的反应机理。测得了PbO₂电极上不同过电位下电极反应的有效活化能,其数值均在41.9kJ/mol以上,且随着极化的增大而减小,据此在动力学处理中可以忽略扩散的作用。测得了在不同电位极化下PbO₂电极的阻抗频谱。在较高电位下阻抗谱呈现明显的两个半圆,表明电极过程包括了中间吸附物的形成。吸附电容C_ad比双层电容C_d大1-2个数量级;C_d比通常光滑电极表面的C_d大得多,这可能与阴离子的特性吸附有关。     

铁体系催化丁二烯聚合的研究——Ⅴ.ESR、NMR和IR研究聚合机理

本文用ESR、¹H-NMR及IR研究了Fe(phen)Cl₃-(i-C₄H₉)₃Al体系催化丁二烯聚合的机理。ESR谱表明,聚合活性中心上的铁为Fe(Ⅱ)。同时观察到自由基的信号,为其还原历程提供了证据。体系中不存在丁二烯时有很宽的ESR信号(ΔH_pp=900G)、加入丁二烯时可以观察到一窄信号(ΔH_pp=50G),二者有明显区别。提出了Fe(phen)Cl₃-(i-C₄H₉)₃Al体系催化丁二烯聚合的反应机理,两个体系的¹H-NMR和IR谱图的比较证实了这个机理。     

铜物理显影动力学和机理——电化学探讨

本文采用镀铜铂电极和暂态恒电流阶跃的方法测得了铜物显(铜物理显影)体系的极化曲线。结果表明,单电极Cu²⁺还原的阴极极化曲线与NaBH₄氧化的阳极极化曲线交点的混合电位E_mp=-715mV,对应的i_R为8.9×10^-4Acm^-2。这与直接测得的铜物显体系的E_mp=-720mV,和i_R=8.7×10^-4Acm^-2很相近。这意味着应用混合电位理论来分析铜物显过程是合理的。在铜物显的混合电极系统中,Cu²⁺还原的阴极反应与BH₄^-氧化的阳极反应相互影响很小。当镀铜电极表面涂有明胶时,反应速率降低(6.09μgcm^-2min^-1),与动力学测得的结果(4.82μg cm^-2 min^-1)比较接近,而在不涂明胶的电极上反应速率则大得多(17.12 μg cm^-2 min^-1),这表明了明胶对物显过程的显著影响。根据Tafel方程,从极化曲线斜率可求碍转移系数α=0.48,并推测铜沉积过程是两步单电子转移反应,且第一个电子的转移是控制步骤。     

稀土元素与马来酸和邻菲咯啉三元固态配合物的研究

合成了13种由稀土离子(La³⁺、Pr³⁺、Nd³⁺、Sm³⁺-Yb³⁺和Y³⁺)与马来酸(C₄H₄O₄)和邻菲咯啉(Phen)形成的三元配合物。元素分析和微量水分测定确定其组成为Ln₂(C₄H₂O₄)₃(Phen)₂·4H₂O.研究了它们的紫外,红外吸收光谱,探讨了配合物的荧光性质及热稳定性。     

盐湖卤水体系热力学和相平衡研究进展*

我国青藏高原的盐湖卤水以富含硼、锂而闻名于世。其卤水大多属于Li⁺、Na⁺、K⁺、Mg²⁺(Ca²⁺)/Cl^-,CO^2-₃(HCO^-₃)、SO^2-₄,borate-H₂O体系。它具有某些特殊的性质,被称之为“盐湖卤水体系”。它的研究在理论和实践上都有中药价值。我们对其热力学和相平衡进行了长期研究,积累了大量数据。用Pitzer电解质溶液模型描述了这一体系的热力学和相平衡及其它物化性质。以Li⁺,K⁺,Mg²⁺/Cl^-,SO^2-₄-H₂O,体系25^。C时相平衡的预测为例,证明模型的可信性和用途。     

电化学合成己二腈与其阴极极化曲线的测定

恒电位电解法制备己二腊可能有许多反应发生:阳极 H₂O→1/2O₂+2H⁺+2e 2Br^-→Br₂+2e 阴极 2CH₂=CHCN+2H₂O+2e→2CN(CH₂)₄CN+2OH^- CH₂=CHCN+2H⁺+2e→CH₃CH₂CN 2H⁺+2e→H₂ nCH₂=CHCN+H₂O+2e→齐聚物要使己二腈的收率有效的提高,除严格控制溶液体系的半波电位外,反应溶液体系最好是中性偏酸,即应控制pH=6-7为宜。同时,为了抑制氢气的生成,阴极材料应采用氢超电势高的铅等。     

气相色谱法研究配合物的热稳定性—ⅩⅣ.K2Co[Fe(CN)6]•H2O和Co3[Fe(CN)6]2•7H2O的热分解及其加氢反应

K₂Co[Fe(CN)₆〕•H₂O和Co₃〔Fe(CN)₆]₂•7H₂O的热分解经过脱水、放出(CN)₂和HCN或C≡N^-键断裂,最终固相产物中有铁钴合金生成。CN^-的多重键在加氢时断裂,生成NH₃和CH₄。以CN^-作为加氢反应的探针,考察了C≡N^-键在金属双端基间的配位活化作用。     

Synthesis and structure of ansa-cyclopentadienyl pyrrolyl titanium complexes: [(η-C5H4)CH2(2-C4H3N)]Ti(NMe2)2 and [1,3-{CH2(2-C4H3N)}2(η-C5H3)]Ti(NMe2)

Reaction of ansa-cyclopentadienyl pyrrolyl ligand (C₅H₅)CH₂(2-C₄H₃NH) (2) with Ti(NMe₂)₄ affords bis(dimethylamido)titanium complex [(η⁵-C₅H₄)CH₂(2-C₄H₃N)]Ti(NMe₂)₂ (3) via amine elimination. A cyclopentadiene ligand with two pendant pyrrolyl arms, a mixture of 1,3- and 1,4-{CH₂(2-C₄H₃NH)}₂C₅H₄ (4), undergoes an analogous reaction with Ti(NMe₂)₄ to give [1,3-{CH₂(2-C₄H₃N)}₂(η⁵-C₅H₃)]Ti(NMe₂) (5). Molecular structures of 3 and 5 have been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies.     

Anionic derivatives of pentafluoro-λ-sulfanyl (fluorosulfonyl) acetic acid esters

New ester salts [R₃NH]⁺[F₅SC(SO₂F)C(O)OR′]⁻ where RH, CH₃CH₂ and R′CH₃,(CH₃)₂CH have been prepared from corresponding esters and amines. The sodiumsalt Na[F₅SC(SO₂F)C(O)OCH(CH₃)₂] was used to prepare the following -substitutedderivatives: SF₅CX(SO₂F)C(O)OCH(CH₃)₂, XBr, Cl. The crystal structure of[(C₂H₅)₃NH]⁺[F₅SC(SO₂F)C(O)OCH₃]⁻ was determined and is monoclinic: P2₁/n;a=8.758(2) Å, b=9.645(2) Å and c=19.167(4) Å; β=97.92(3)°; V=1603.6 ų; Z=4.     

Reactivity of niobocene dihalogenides toward nitroso derivatives. EPR and IR characterization of the first niobium(IV) complexes containing an ArNO-N,O ligand

The reaction of [Nb(η⁵-C₅H₄R)₂X₂] [1: R = SiMe₃, X = Cl; 2: R = SiMe₃, X = Br; 3: R = H, X = Cl; 4: R =^t, X = Cl] with nitroso derivatives ArNO [a: Ar = Ph; b: Ar = o-CH₃-C₃H₄; c: Ar = p-(CH₃)₂NC₆H₄] yields paramagnetic complexes formulated as [Nb(η⁵-C₅H₄R)(η³-C₅H₄R)X₂(ArNO-N,O) 1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 3a, 4a and 4c, which have been characterized by ESR and IR spectroscopy.     

Synthese und reaktivität von dienylmetall-verbindungen : XXVII. Ein einfacher weg zur synthese von cyclopentadienylcobalt(III)-dikationen

CpCo(CO)₂ is oxidised by [Cp₂Fe]BF₄ (Cp = C₅H₅) in the presence of neutral ligands L to give the dications [CpCoL₃]²⁺ (L = SMe₂, S(n-C₄H₉)₂, PMe₃, C₅H₅N, MeCN; Me = CH₃). In [CpCo(SMe₂)₃]²⁺, sulfane ligands are substituted by neutral ligands L, L---L and L---L---L, to give the complexes [CpCoL₃]²⁺ (L = SeMe₂, TeMe₂, PMe₃, P(OMe)₃, AsMe₃, SbMe₃, t-C₄H₉NC, C₅H₅N, MeCN), [Cp-Co(L---L)SMe₂]²⁺ (L---L = R₂P(CH₂)_nPR₂, n = 1, 2, R = C₆H₅; bipyridine, o-phenanthroline, neocuproin) and [CpCo(L---L---L)]²⁺ (L---L---L = RP(CH₂CH₂PR₂)₂, R = C₆H₅). The dications react with iodide resulting in the monocations [CpCoL₂I]⁺ and [CpCo(L---L)I]⁺. Azacobaltocinium cations [CpCo(C₄R₂H₂N)]⁺ (R = H, CH₃) are obtained by reaction of [CpCo(SMe₂)₃]²⁺ with metal pyrrolides.     

Highly stereoselective reduction of methyl ketone complexes of the chiral Lewis acid [(η-C5H5)Re(NO)(PPh3)] by K(s-C4H9)3BH; synthesis of optically active secondary alcohols and derivatives

Reaction of optically active ketone complexes (+)-(R)-[(η⁵-C₅H₅)Re(NO)-(PPh₃)(η¹-O=C(R)(CH₃)]⁺ BF₄⁻ (R = CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂m C(CH₃)₃, C₆H₅) with K(s-C₄H₉)₃BH gives alkoxide complexes (+)-(RS)-(η⁵-C₅H₅)Re(NO)(PPh₃)-(OCH(R)CH₃) (73–90%) in 80–98% de. The alkoxide ligand is then converted to Mosher esters (93–99%) of 79–98% de.     

有机二硫化物引发MMA光聚合的研究

本文对各种有机二硫化物引发甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)的光聚合反应进行了动力学研究,实验结果表明,二硫化物的结构对聚合速度R_p有很大影响,各种二硫化物的引发反应活性可以排列如下:(p-CH₃C₆H₄S)₂>(t-C₄H₉S)₂>(C₆H₅CH₂S)₂,(n-C₁₂H₂₅S)₂和((C₂H₅)₂NC₂H₄S)₂。二甲苯二硫化物(DMDS)引发反应的效果可以和安息香醚类相比拟。发现R_p和溶剂的性质有很大关系,并且和[MMA]以及[DMDS]^0.1(N₂气氛下)或[DMDS]^0.2(O₂气氛下)成正比,测得的DMDS的单线态和三线态能量分别为E_s72.2kcal/mol和E_T 57.3kcal/mol,它们比一般烯类单体的能量低,这说明DMDS适于用作烯类光聚合的引发剂。从所得结果讨论了引发聚合的反应机理。     

Synthesis and characterization of planarly chiral nonbridged bis(1-R-indenyl) zirconium dichloride complexes and X-ray structure of rac-[(η-C9H6-1-C(CH3)2---o-C6H4---OCH3)2ZrCl2]·THF

Reactions of the lithium salts of 3-substituted indenes 1, 2 with ZrCl₄(THF)₂ gave two series of nonbridged bis(1-substituted)indenyl zirconocene dichloride complexes. Fractional recrystallization from THF–petroleum ether furnished the pure racemic and mesomeric isomers of [(η⁵-C₉H₆-1-C(R¹)(R²)---o-C₆H₄---OCH₃)₂ZrCl₂]·nTHF (R¹=R²=CH₃, n=1, rac-1a and meso-1b; R¹=CH₃, R²=C₂H₅; n=0.5 or 0, rac-2a and meso-2b), respectively. Complex 1a was further characterized by X-ray diffraction to have a C₂ symmetrically racemic structure, where the six-member rings of the indenyl parts are oriented laterally and two o-CH₃O---C₆H₄---C(CH₃)₂--- substituents are oriented to the open side of the metallocene (Ind: bis-lateral, anti; Substituent: bis-central, syn). The four zirconocene complexes are highly symmetrical in solution as characterized by room temperature ¹H-NMR, however ¹H–¹H NOESY of meso-1b shows that some of the NOE interactions arise from the two separated indenyl parts of the same molecule, which can only be well explained by taking into account the torsion isomers in solution.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Dinuclear Aluminum Complexes Bearing N,N-Dialkylaniline-amido Ligands and Its Catalytic Properties for Lactone Polymerization

Two ligands [ortho-C6H4NR2（CH2NH）]2CH2CH2（3： R=Me; 4： R=EO were prepared by the reduction of preligands [ortho-C6H4NR2（CH=N）]zCH2CH2（1： R=Me; 2： R=Et）. These ligands reacted with AIMe3 to afford the corresponding dinuclear aluminum complexes {A1Me2[ortho-C6H4NR2（CH2N）]}2CHzCH2（5： R=Me; 6： R=Et）. All the compounds were characterized by 1H and UC nuclear magnetic resonance（NMR） spectroscopies and elemental analyses. The catalytic properties of the aluminum complexes towards the ring-opening polymerization of lactones were investi- gated in the presence of benzvl alcohol. All the oolvmerization reactions were proceeded in a controlled manner.     

Synthesis and X-ray crystal structures of [Ph2PMe2][(η-C5H4Bu)2Li] and [(η-C5H4Bu)2Yb(Cl)CH2P(Me)Ph2]

The interaction of [(η⁵-C₅H₄Bu^t)₂YbCl · LiCl] with one equivalent of Li[(CH₂) (CH₂)PPh₂] in tetrahydrofuran gave [Ph₂PMe₂][(η⁵-C₅H₄Bu^t)₂Li] (1) and [(η⁵-C₅H₄Bu^t)₂Yb(Cl)CH₂P(Me)Ph₂] (2) in 10% and 30% yields, respectively. 1 could also be prepared in 70% yield from the reaction of [Ph₂PMe₂][CF₃SO₃] with two equivalents of (C₅H₄Bu^t)Li. Both compounds have been fully characterized by analytical, spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction methods. The solid state structure of 1 reveals a sandwich structure for the [(η⁵-C₅H₄Bu^t)₂Li]⁻ anion.     

Copper(I)---aryl bonds in cluster complexes: The structure of [Cu(2-Me2NH6H4)]4(CuBr)2·1.5C6H6

An X-ray diffraction analysis of [Cu(2-Me₂NC₆H₄)]₄(CuBr)₂·1.5C₆H₆ shows the six copper atoms in a distorted octahedral arrangement; the bromine atoms bridge trans-equatorial edges, the 2-(dimethylamino)phenyl ligands bridging faces so that the complex has approximate C₂ symmetry.