TiO_2晶面依赖的Ir-TiO_x相互作用对Ir/TiO_2催化剂巴豆醛选择性加氢性能的影响（英文）

不饱和醇是一类重要的精细化学品,主要通过α,β-不饱和醛选择性加氢获得.由于α,β-不饱和醛分子中含有共轭的C=C键和C=O键,且后者键能更大,在热力学和动力学上均不利于C=O键的选择性加氢生成α,β-不饱和醇.因此,提高α,β-不饱和醛中C=O的加氢选择性是催化领域中一项挑战性的课题.巴豆醛属于典型的α,β-不饱和醛,研究其选择性加氢生成巴豆醇具有广泛的代表意义;Ir负载在具有还原性载体(如TiO_2)上时,表现出很好的C=O加氢选择性,因此,成为近年来的研究热点.由于暴露不同晶面的TiO_2具有不同的形貌和电子结构,因此研究Ir-TiO_2相互作用的晶面依赖性及其对巴豆醛选择性加氢反应的影响具有重要意义.本文以分别暴露{101}、{100}和{001}晶面的锐钛矿TiO_2纳米晶为载体,制备了负载型Ir/TiO_2催化剂,系统研究了催化剂经过不同的预处理过程(在不同温度下H_2还原和O_2再氧化)后对巴豆醛的气相选择性加氢的性能.利用高分辨透射电镜、原位X射线光电子能谱和原位漫反射红外光谱及氨程序升温脱附等技术研究发现,预处理条件显著改变了Ir-TiO_x的相互作用,包括Ir金属的几何、电子性质及催化剂表面酸性.这种相互作用与TiO_2的暴露晶面密切相关,从而改变了不同Ir/TiO_2催化剂上不同加氢反应行为.研究结果表明,经300°C预还原的Ir/TiO_2-{101}催化剂催化性能最好,在80°C下初始反应速率为166.1μmol g-Ir~(-1) s~(-1),巴豆醇的生成转化频率为0.022 s~(-1).与其他催化剂相比,Ir/TiO_2-{101}催化剂表面Ir~0浓度最高,表面酸度适中,因此表现出最佳的催化性能.同时Ir-TiO_x界面在反应中的协同作用,对H_2和巴豆醛分子中C=O键的吸附和活化起到了关键作用.然而当催化剂经过400°C的H_2预还原后,由于产生了强的金属-载体相互作用使得TiO_x对Ir粒子进行了包裹从而导致Ir-TiO_x界面缺失,因而催化剂催化巴豆醛加氢性能降低.本文为理解金属-载体相互作用对巴豆醛选择性加氢反应的影响提供了新的见解,并为设计高性能α,β-不饱和醛选择性加氢催化剂提供了理论依据.     

配体覆盖的Ir催化剂上巴豆醛加氢反应:金属-有机物界面促进活性和选择性（英文）

α,β-不饱和醇是药物和香料等精细化学品合成的重要中间体.在工业上将α,β-不饱和醛与强还原剂如Na BH4等反应后可合成对应的不饱和醇,但该方法易导致环境污染等问题.α,β-不饱和醛选择性加氢制备α,β-不饱和醇是原子经济反应,符合绿色化学要求.但α,β-不饱和醛分子中含有共轭的C=C键和C=O键,在热力学和动力学上皆倾向于C=C键的加氢生成饱和醛,导致α,β-不饱和醇的选择性较低.因此提高α,β-不饱和醛中C=O的加氢选择性具有挑战性.巴豆醛属于典型的α,β–不饱和醛,其选择性加氢生成巴豆醇常作为模型反应用于研究催化剂构效关系.近年来,通过胶体方法制备配体保护的金属纳米颗粒在选择性加氢反应中表现出较好的选择性,可归因于配体产生的立体效应和电子效应等因素,但配体的存在往往抑制反应物在活性金属表面的吸附,从而导致反应活性下降.因此,如何克服活性-选择性的“跷跷板”瓶颈具有重要意义.本文以十四烷基三甲基溴化铵(TTAB)为保护剂,采用胶体法合成了Ir纳米颗粒,并将其负载在载体六方氮化硼上,获得一系列通过不同焙烧温度的催化剂,通过各种表征手段研究了催化剂结构和表面性质,并考察其在巴豆醛气相...     

用于巴豆醛液相选择性加氢的高性能Ir/TiH_2催化剂

在Ir/TiH_2催化剂上进行了巴豆醛液相选择性加氢反应,并研究催化剂还原温度对其反应行为的影响.相比于Ir/TiO_2催化剂,相同反应条件下Ir/TiH_2催化剂的活性提高了2倍(80℃时巴豆醛转化率为52%),且巴豆醇选择性大幅度提高(78%).表征结果表明,Ir/TiH_2催化剂表面富含的氧缺位和强的H活化能力是催化剂性能提高的主要原因.此外,Ir/TiH_2催化剂中Ir颗粒尺寸随催化剂还原温度的升高而增大,导致其本征活性降低,表现出明显的尺寸效应.较小的颗粒尺寸有利于巴豆醛分子中C=O键加氢,从而提高了催化剂的反应性能.     

不同晶相TiO2负载Au催化剂用于巴豆醛选择性加氢

以不同晶相的TiO2为载体,利用沉积.沉淀法制备了Au/TiO2催化剂,并将其用于巴豆醛选择性加氢反应,考察了TiO2晶相和还原温度对Au/TiO2催化剂性能的影响.结果表明,锐钛矿比金红石更有利于提高巴豆醇选择性,而复合相TiO2载体既可增加Au的催化活性,又可提高巴豆醇选择性.此外,高温还原能促进Au/TiO2催化剂对C=O的选择性加氢,当还原温度为500℃时,产物中巴豆醇是丁醛的2.7倍.     

负载型Pd/TiO2和Pd-Ag/TiO2催化剂的乙炔选择性加氢催化性能

利用程序升温还原(TPR)、X-射线衍射(XRD)、CO吸附-红外光谱(CO-IR)、电子顺磁共振(EPR)和微型催化反应评价等手段, 研究了负载Pd/γ-Al2O3, Pd/TiO2和Pd-Ag/TiO2催化剂的结构和乙炔选择性加氢催化性能. 结果表明, Pd/TiO2催化剂具有较Pd/γ-Al2O3催化剂更优良的乙炔选择性加氢催化性能, 这与Pd-TiO2之间的强相互作用密切相关. Pd-TiO2之间的强相互作用不仅使负载型钯金属催化剂具有较高的乙炔加氢催化选择性, 而且具有较高的乙炔加氢催化活性. Pd/TiO2催化剂中添加Ag 组分后, Pd金属可促进Ag+的还原并可能形成Pd-Ag合金, 催化剂的乙烯选择性虽有所增加, 但乙炔转化率和乙烯收率下降.     

Co/Al2O3催化剂上3-甲基-2-丁烯醛选择性加氢反应

3-甲基-2-丁烯醛(3-MeCal)是一种典型的α,β-不饱和醛,其C=O加氢产物3-甲基-2-丁烯醇(3-MeCol)作为重要的有机中间体,在医药、香料、农药等生产领域有着广泛的应用.我们采用沉积沉淀法制备了Co/Al2O3催化剂,将其应用于3-MeCal液相选择性加氢反应中,考察了反应温度、H2初始压力、催化剂焙烧温度和还原温度对3-MeCal选择性加氢反应的影响.发现反应温度为80℃,H2初始压力为1×106Pa下,加氢反应效果良好.通过H2-TPR与XRD表征了焙烧温度对催化剂的影响,发现适当焙烧温度能增强Co物种与载体Al2O3间作用力.焙烧温度为600℃,还原温度为550℃下制备的催化剂反应48 min后转化率为23.0%,3-MeCol选择性达到88.6%.制备的Co/Al2O3催化剂具有良好的磁性,在外磁场作用下可与液相反应体系实现高效分离,循环使用3次后,催化性能没有明显下降,表现出良好的循环使用性能.     

贵金属催化剂上巴豆醛选择性加氢的研究进展

巴豆醛是一种重要的α,β-不饱和醛,其选择性加氢常被用作模型反应用以研究催化剂构效关系.近年来,文献报道了众多贵金属基催化剂上巴豆醛选择性加氢的结果.我们主要从贵金属催化剂角度系统地讨论和总结该反应的最新进展.通过比较催化剂的不同反应行为,进一步明确催化剂性质(如催化剂结构、晶面/界面效应、电子效应和几何效应等)与反应性能之间的关系.并尝试总结和讨论当前研究中所存在的不足与前景,为进一步提高目标产物的收率提供思路.     

巴豆醛选择性催化加氢的研究

利用P-2-Ni催化剂对巴豆醛常压催化加氢生成正丁醛的反应进行了研究。实验表明,该催化剂对巴豆醛的α,β-烯键有很高的选择性和催化活性,同时,合成了P-2-Co、P-2-Co-Ni催化剂,并选择了巴豆醛的加氢条件。     

α-β不饱和醛中C=C和C=O键选择加氢的研究进展

α－β不饱和醛中Ｃ＝Ｃ和Ｃ＝Ｏ键选择加氢的研究进展杨树武徐江辛勤１）（中国科学院大连化学物理研究所催化基础国家重点实验室大连１１６０２３）关键词α－β不饱和醛选择加氢贵金属催化剂分类号Ｏ６４３．３２随着催化学科的发展，控制反应的选择性变得越来越重要，...     

纳米多孔金催化有机反应研究进展

综述了金纳米多孔材料在催化CO和醇的氧化反应、含不饱和键化合物(炔烃、亚胺和α,β-不饱和醛)的加氢还原反应、炔基芳香醛与炔烃的成环反应、氧化脱氢偶联构筑新C—C键反应和C—X(X=B,Si)键形成反应中的应用研究结果.     

Facile fabrication of anatase TiO2 microspheres on solid substrates and surface crystal facet transformation from {001} to {101}

Anatase TiO(2) microspheres with controlled surface morphologies and exposed crystal facets were directly synthesized on metal titanium foil substrates by means of a facile, one-pot hydrothermal method without use of any templating reagent. The obtained products were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelecron spectroscopy (XPS), and the focused ion beam (FIB) technique. The sizes of the resultant microspheres ranged from 1.1 to 2.1 μm. The transformation of anatase TiO(2) microspheres with exposed {001} facets surface to nanosheets surface with {101} facets was achieved by simply controlling the hydrothermal reaction time. The anatase TiO(2) microspheres with exposed square-shaped plane {001} facets were obtained by controlling the reaction time at 1 h. The prolonged reaction time transforms the anatase TiO(2) microspheres with exposed square-shaped plane {001} facets to eroded {001} facets then to a nanosheet surface with exposed {101} facets. With hydrothermal synthesis, the surface morphological structure and crystal facets formation are highly dependent on dissolution/deposition processes, which can be strongly influenced by attributes, such as pH of the reaction media, the total concentration of dissolved and suspended titanium species, and the concentration of fluoride in the reaction solution. The changes of these attributes during the hydrothermal process were therefore measured and used to illustrate the morphology and crystal-facet transformation processes of anatase TiO(2) microspheres. The surface morphologies and crystal-facet transformations during hydrothermal processes were found to be governed by the compositional changes of the reaction media, driven by dynamically shifted dissolution/deposition equilibria. The photocatalytic activities of the photoanodes made of anatase TiO(2) microspheres were evaluated. The experimental results demonstrated that the photocatalytic activity of anatase TiO(2) microspheres with exposed {001} facets was found to be 1.5 times higher than that of the anatase TiO(2) microspheres with exposed {101} facets.     

V2O5／TiO2催化剂的表面结构和酸碱性及氧化还原性

 研究了一系列锐钛矿担载的钒氧化物催化剂的表面性质．X射线衍射和Raman光谱表明，8％V2O5／TiO2催化剂上的V2O5处于单层分散状态．程序升温还原研究表明，单层分散的钒物种较易被还原，而形成多聚态和晶态后钒物种的还原温度升高．NH3吸附量热结果表明，在钒物种达到单层分散前，催化剂的表面酸性随钒担载量的增加而减弱，超过单层分散后，表面酸位的数目和强度基本不变．异丙醇脱氢／脱水反应结果表明，有O2时V2O5／TiO2催化剂显示出很强的氧化还原性，无O2时催化剂的脱水选择性较高．通过异丙醇的脱氢／脱水反应，将V2O5／TiO2催化剂的表面结构与其酸碱性和氧化还原性进行了初步的关联．     

Hierarchical TiO2 nanospheres with dominant {001} facets: facile synthesis, growth mechanism, and photocatalytic activity

Hierarchical TiO(2) nanospheres with controlled surface morphologies and dominant {001} facets were directly synthesized from Ti powder by a facile, one-pot, hydrothermal method. The obtained hierarchical TiO(2) nanospheres have a uniform size of 400-500?nm and remarkable 78?% fraction of {001} facets. The influence of the reaction temperature, amount of HF, and reaction time on the morphology and the exposed facets was systematically studied. A possible growth mechanism speculates that Ti powder first dissolves in HF solution, and then flowerlike TiO(2) nanostructures are formed by assembly of TiO(2) nanocrystals. Because of the high concentration of HF in the early stage, these TiO(2) nanostructures were etched, and hollow structures formed on the surface. After the F(-) ions were effectively absorbed on the crystal surfaces, {001} facets appear and grow steadily. At the same time, the {101} facets also grow and meet the {101} facets from adjacent truncated tetragonal pyramids, causing coalescence of these facets and formation of nanospheres with dominant {001} facets. With further extension of the reaction time, single-crystal {001} facets of hierarchical TiO(2) nanospheres are dissolved and TiO(2) nanospheres with dominant {101} facets are obtained. The photocatalytic activities of the hierarchical TiO(2) nanospheres were evaluated and found to be closely related to the exposed {001} facets. Owing to the special hierarchical architecture and high percentage of exposed {001} facets, the TiO(2) nanospheres exhibit much enhanced photocatalytic efficiency (almost fourfold) compared to P25 TiO(2) as a benchmark material. This study provides new insight into crystal-facet engineering of anatase TiO(2) nanostructures with high percentage of {001} facets as well as opportunities for controllable synthesis of 3D hierarchical nanostructures.     

Morphology‐Engineered Highly Active and Stable Ru/TiO2 Catalysts for Selective CO Methanation

Ru/TiO₂ catalysts exhibit an exceptionally high activity in the selective methanation of CO in CO₂‐ and H₂‐rich reformates, but suffer from continuous deactivation during reaction. This limitation can be overcome through the fabrication of highly active and non‐deactivating Ru/TiO₂ catalysts by engineering the morphology of the TiO₂ support. Using anatase TiO₂ nanocrystals with mainly {001}, {100}, or {101} facets exposed, we show that after an initial activation period Ru/TiO₂‐{100} and Ru/TiO₂‐{101} are very stable, while Ru/TiO₂‐{001} deactivates continuously. Employing different operando/in situ spectroscopies and ex situ characterizations, we show that differences in the catalytic stability are related to differences in the metal–support interactions (MSIs). The stronger MSIs on the defect‐rich TiO₂‐{100} and TiO₂‐{101} supports stabilize flat Ru nanoparticles, while on TiO₂‐{001} hemispherical particles develop. The former MSIs also lead to electronic modifications of Ru surface atoms, reflected by the stronger bonding of adsorbed CO on those catalysts than on Ru/TiO₂‐{001}.     

Intrinsic catalytic structure of gold nanoparticles supported on TiO2

Despite the fragility of TiO(2) under electron irradiation, the intrinsic structure of Au/TiO(2) catalysts can be observed by environmental transmission electron microscopy. Under reaction conditions (CO/air 100?Pa), the major {111} and {100} facets of the gold nanoparticles are exposed and the particles display a polygonal interface with the TiO(2) support bounded by sharp edges parallel to the 〈110〉 directions.     

二氧化钛载Ir催化剂对氨氧化的电催化性能

用同一方法制备了Ir含量相同而载体TiO2-晶体结构不同的TiO2-载Ir（Ir/TiO2）催化剂,研究了TiO2-晶体结构对Ir/TiO2催化剂对氨氧化的电催化性能的影响,发现具有金红石结构的TiO2-载Ir（Ir/TiO2-R）催化剂对氨氧化的电催化性能远好于具有锐钛矿型结构的TiO2-载Ir（Ir/TiO2-A）催化剂。 物理化学和电化学的表征揭示了Ir/TiO2-R催化剂对氨氧化的电催化性能好的可能原因归结于Ir纳米粒子在TiO2-R上的均匀分布。     

Evidence for crystal-face-dependent TiO2 photocatalysis from single-molecule imaging and kinetic analysis

According to the concept of active sites, the activity of heterogeneous catalysts correlates with the number of available catalytic sites and the binding affinity of the substrates. Herein, we report a single-molecule, single-particle fluorescence approach to elucidate the inherent photocatalytic activity of exposed surfaces of anatase TiO(2), a promising photocatalyst, using redox-responsive fluorogenic dyes. A single-molecule imaging and kinetic analysis of the fluorescence from the products shows that reaction sites for the effective reduction of the probe molecules are preferentially located on the {101} facets of the crystal rather than the {001} facets with a higher surface energy. This surprising discrepancy can be explained in terms of face-specific electron-trapping probability. In situ observation of the catalytic events occurring at the solid/solution interfaces reveals the hidden role of the crystal facets in chemical reactions and their impact on the efficiency and selectivity of heterogeneous (photo)catalysts.     

Catalysis of SO42--ZrO2/TiO2 nanometer solid superacid

Superacid catalyst SO42--ZrO2/TiO2 was applied in esterification of Acetic Acid and Butanol. The particle size of ZrO2 in the catalyst was about 12.5 nm. In catalyst preparation conditions, the effect factor order on catalytic activity is H2SO4 concentration ＞ calcination temperature ＞ ZrO2 supported content. The optimum preparation condition is as follows: ZrO2 content 3.5g/g; calcination temperature 600℃, and H2SO4 concentration 0.5mol/L. The catalytic activity is 96.5 vol%.SO42-/MxOy solid superacid is a kind of green catalyst, whose application perspective is bright. In this paper, SO42--ZrO2/TiO2 solid superacid was prepared with nanometer compound carrying method. The acidic strength of catalysts was measured with the following Hammett indicators, 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (H0=-14.52) and p-nitrochlorobenzene (H0=-12.70). Catalytic activity was evaluated with esterification reaction of Acetic Acid and Butanol. Reaction temperature was at 105℃, and reaction time was only 1h. The conversion rate of Acetic Acid was analyzed by a gas chromatograph (GC-14C SHIMADZU in Japan)The experimental results showed that H2SO4 concentration had more influences on catalytic activity than other two factors, calcination temperature and ZrO2 supported content. Since sulfur absorbed on the surface of metal oxides is necessary to the acidity of SO42-/MxOy solid superacid,H2SO4 concentration in impregnation solution is needed enough high. But, it can't be too much high,otherwise, Zirconium sulfate formed on the catalyst surface will be harmful influences on catalytic activity. In researched cover, 0.5mol/L H2SO4 concentration is the most suitable, and the catalyst prepared with this concentration has very strong acidity.The optimum preparation condition is as follows: ZrO2 content 3.5g/g; calcination temperature 600℃, and H2SO4 concentration 0.5mol/L. In the catalyst prepared with above conditions, the acidic strength (H0) of the catalyst is smaller than ＜-14.52, and catalytic activity is 96.5 vol%. When it was re-used in esterification reaction, catalytic activity decreased gradually with re-used times increasing(seen in Table 1). But after catalyst is used repeatedly up to five times, catalytic activity (84.3 vol %)is still higher than that of H2SO4 catalyst.The X-ray diffraction patterns showed that ZrO2 supported in TiO2 belonged tetragonal zirconia phases. Through the calculation of Scherrer formula, the particle size of ZrO2 in the catalyst is about 12.5 nm. After SO42- promoted nanometer ZrO2/TiO2 compound carrier, the diffraction peaks of tetragonal zircoma become broader and the strength weaker. It shows that adding SO4 ions restrains the crystallization of ZrO2, diminishes the size of particles. This might be why SO42--ZrO2/TiO2 has high catalytic activity and stability in acidic catalysis reaction.     

改性二氧化钛负载贵金属Ru催化剂催化降解苯胺溶液

苯胺类废水污染物具有结构复杂、浓度高、不易生物降解、生物毒性大等特点,传统的苯胺降解措施存在着许多弊端,很难达到排放标准.催化湿法氧化技术(CWAO)主要针对降解高浓度难降解的有机废水,表现出降解效率高、反应时间短、对生物毒性物质的废水降解效果良好等优点,越来越受到人们的重视.但催化剂在使用过程中,需要在高温高压下进行,且有机物降解产生了有机酸,使得催化剂的活性组分流失和载体的物理化学性质发生变化,导致其催化活性下降.因此,需要开发出一种降解活性高,性能稳定的催化剂成为此技术在工业中广泛应用的关键.本文采用溶胶凝胶法对二氧化钛进行改性,制备了Ti0.9Zr0.1O2和Ti0.9Ce0.1O2载体,采用过量浸渍法将三氯化钌负载到载体表面制备了2%Ru/Ti0.9Zr0.1O2和2%Ru/Ti0.9Ce0.1O2催化剂.在高温高压反应条件下,以苯胺为催化湿法氧化污染物,对不同催化剂湿法降解苯胺进行比较研究,系统地探究了催化降解的反应温度和反应压力对苯胺降解的影响.此外,利用HPLC-MS鉴定出催化降解产生的中间产物,确定了催化降解的反应路径图.在改性的催化剂中,2%Ru/Ti0.9Zr0.1O2催化剂表现出最高的催化降解活性和稳定性.在初始苯胺浓度4 g/L,催化剂浓度4 g/L,反应温度180℃,O2压力1.5 MPa下,反应时间5 h后,苯胺完全转化,COD转化率达88.3%.并且催化剂进行三次循环试验后,苯胺转化率仍接近100%.X射线衍射和N2物理吸附结果表明,Ce,Zr掺杂到TiO2晶格中形成了共溶体,其晶格尺寸更小,比表面积和孔体积更大.负载贵金属后,并未出现其他晶相,说明贵金属均匀分散在载体表面.透射电镜结果表明,贵金属负载在改性TiO2上表现出较好的分散性和较小的颗粒尺寸,为催化降解苯胺提供更多的催化活性位点,而Ru/TiO2催化剂表面,贵金属发生团聚现象且颗粒尺寸大.X射线光电子能谱结果表明,Ce,Zr的掺杂使得TiO2表面活性氧和四价Ru的含量增加,更多的表面活性氧成为催化降解苯胺的直接原因.H2程序升温还原结果表明,在300?400oC处还原峰对应于催化剂载体晶格氧的还原,改性后,其还原峰增至2倍,即使在贫氧环境下,改性催化剂可以及时从载体中释放晶格氧,为催化降解苯胺提供更多的活性氧.     

高活性Ag修饰TiO2空心八面体光催化剂的简易模板诱导合成

贵金属修饰的TiO2空心纳米光催化材料由于具有大的比表面积、低的质量密度、良好的表面渗透性、强的光吸收能力以及界面电荷的快速转移,因而表现出优异的光催化性能.为了制备结构可控且精良的贵金属修饰TiO2空心纳米光催化材料,人们先后采用湿化学法、高温固相法、声化学法及光化学沉积法等.由于在制备过程中涉及多种异相材料的合成和结构控制,因此上述合成方法通常需要复杂且多步过程(有些过程甚至很容易导致结构破坏),从而限制了其在光催化领域的实际应用.本文开发了一种简单的模板诱导法,成功制备了Ag纳米粒子修饰的TiO2空心八面体光催化剂.合成过程包括模板指导沉积和原位模板溶解.以Ag2O八面体为模板, TiF4水溶液为前驱体,首先通过TiF4水解形成TiO2纳米粒子沉积在Ag2O模板表面,而TiF4水解产生的酸性HF水溶液可原位溶解碱性的Ag2O模板,从而一步制得TiO2空心八面体.同时,利用Ag2O以及Ag+离子的光敏特性,在光照条件下使Ag2O和Ag+离子生成Ag纳米颗粒,直接沉积在TiO2空心八面体的内外表面,得到Ag/TiO2光催化剂.由此可见,该合成方法具有明显的步骤少的优点.扫描电镜、透射电镜、能量散射和紫外-可见光谱等表征结果表明成功制得内外Ag纳米粒子修饰的TiO2空心八面体光催化剂,其中TiO2空心八面体的壁厚约为25 nm,边长约为1μm,而修饰在其表面的Ag纳米粒子尺寸仅为5–10 nm.此外,通过控制TiF4前驱体浓度,还可制备核壳结构的Ag2O@TiO2八面体以及不同壁厚Ag修饰的TiO2空心八面体,表明该方法在Ag/TiO2形貌合成上的多样性和可控性.为了获得良好的光催化活性,对制备的Ag纳米粒子修饰的TiO2空心八面体光催化剂进行了不同温度的热处理. X射线衍射结果表明,即使在600 oC高温下,制备的Ag/TiO2空心八面体光催化剂依然能够保持原有的特殊形貌和锐钛矿TiO2晶型.该温度明显高于TiO2从锐钛矿向金红石转变的温度.这说明合成的Ag/TiO2能在保持高活性锐钛矿相的同时获得更好的结晶性.这可能是由于分散在TiO2原始晶粒周围的Ag纳米粒子能阻止其进一步长大,从而抑制了其晶型转变.不同样品光催化降解甲基橙的结果表明,经600oC高温热处理的样品表现出最高的光催化活性,相应的反应速率常数为0.11 min？1.这应得益于该光催化剂具有以下三个特点：(1) TiO2空心八面体的薄壁结构能够缩短光照条件下光生电子和空穴从内部扩散到表面的距离;(2)由于贵金属Ag纳米粒子沉积在TiO2薄壁的内外两个表面以及TiO2和Ag形成肖脱基势垒,因此在它们接触的界面上能够发生更快的界面电荷转移;(3)高温处理导致TiO2良好的晶化以及高活性锐钛矿TiO2晶型的保持.