Zn∶Er∶LiNbO_3单晶的坩埚下降法生长及光谱特性

报道了Zn∶Er∶LiNbO3单晶的坩埚下降法生长工艺。通过控制晶体生长固液界面的温度梯度(30~35℃.cm-1)、晶体的生长速度(0.8~1.5 mm.h-1)、密闭Pt坩埚等条件生长了宏观无缺陷的Zn2+(3%)和Er3+(0.6%)共掺的LiNbO3单晶。用X射线衍射(XRD)和差热分析(DTA)表征了获得的晶体,并测量了晶体不同部位的吸收光谱和荧光谱。从吸收光谱以及由XRD数据计算所得的晶胞参数推断,沿生长方向Er3+在晶体中的浓度分布逐步减少。光谱数据表明,晶体底部样品的吸收强度和荧光强度要比顶部大,而对应于Er3+上能级4S3/2和2H11/2跃迁至基态4I15/2的绿光发射,晶体底部却比顶部表现出更高的上转换效率。从晶体的内部结构、缺陷情况以及Er3+的分凝现象解释了产生上述现象的内在机制。     

Er^3＋／Yb^3＋：Sr3Y2（BO3）4晶体的光谱和激光性质

采用提拉法生长了双掺Yb3+和Er3+离子浓度分别为18.63%和0.87%(原子分数)的Sr3Y2(BO3)4晶体.利用测量的偏振吸收谱结合Judd-Ofeh理论,拟合得到了该晶体中Er3+离子的偏振和有效J-O参数.测量了Er3+离子4I13/2能级和Yb3+离子2F5/2能级的荧光衰减曲线,并计算了4I13/2能级的荧光量子效率和Yb3+到Er3+的能量传递效率.利用Fuchtbauer-Ladenberg公式计算了Er3+离子4I13/2→4I15/2跃迁的偏振受激发射截面.在平-凹谐振腔中,利用97nm波长光纤耦合准连续半导体激光端面泵浦1.12mm厚的该晶体,当输出镜透过率为1.5%时,获得了最大输出功率为1.3 w和斜率效率为20%的1560 nm附近的激光输出.结果表明,Er3+/Yb3+:Sr3+Y2+(BO3)4晶体是一种优良的1.5～1.6 μm波段激光的增益介质.     

不同掺杂浓度Yb3+:YAl3 (BO3)4晶体光谱研究

采用顶部籽晶法生长了不同浓度Yb3+:YAl3(BO3)4(Yb:YAB)晶体,X射线粉末衍射(XRD)结果表明晶体的结构与YAB相同.研究了室温下不同掺杂浓度Yb:YAB晶体的偏振吸收光谱,以及块状的偏振荧光谱和粉末的非偏振荧光光谱,通过对不同浓度掺杂Yb:YAB晶体粉末的非偏振荧光谱的分析,实验结果表明:随着Yb3+离子掺杂浓度的增加,辐射陷阱效应对荧光谱的影响越来越严重;因此,提出了Yb:YAB晶体中荧光谱的重心波长移动与Yb3+离子掺杂浓度之间的经验关系来定量分析Yb3+离子掺杂浓度变化对辐射陷阱的影响.并且比较了不同浓度Yb:YAB晶体的光谱参数.结果表明高浓度Yb:YAB晶体是一种潜在的微片和自倍频激光材料.     

Sr1-x Znx Y2 S4:Er3+,Eu2+荧光粉的合成与发光特性的研究

采用碳酸盐前躯体高温分解法合成了Sr1-xZnxY2S4:Er3+, Sr1-xZnxY2S4:Eu2+和Sr1-xZnxY2S4:Er3+, Eu2+红色荧光粉. XRD图谱表明, Zn2+掺杂量x<0.2 mol 时, 粉末样品为CaFe2O4型正交晶体. Zn2+离子在Sr1-xZnxY2S4:Er3+, Eu2+中的固溶量(x mol)对荧光粉的发射强度影响很大. 随着Zn2+离子掺杂浓度的增加, Sr1-xZnxY2S4:Er3+, Eu2+(SZYSEE)紫外区激发峰(200～413 nm)发生红移, 并与可见光激发带(413～600 nm)形成一个连续的宽带谱, 与紫外和GaN基LED芯片辐射都有良好的匹配性. 当Zn2+掺杂量为0.1 mol时, SZYSEE的发光强度达到最大, 其发光强度比未掺Zn2+的增强10.7倍. Sr0.9Zn0.1Y1.76S4:0.24Er3+, 0.006Eu2+是一种潜在的白光LED用红色荧光粉.     

LD激发的ZnWO4:Er3+晶体上转换发光

采用Czochralski法生长出ZnWO₄:Er³⁺(Er=0.02mol)单晶,测量了吸收光谱和激发光谱。在波长966nm功率500mW的激光二极管(LD)激发下观察到上转换发光。强度最大的发射峰位于547和558nm,发射光谱分析表明,上转换激发过程与双光子步进吸收有关。     

Cr4+, Nd3+共掺的钆镓石榴石(Cr, Nd∶GGG)的光谱性能与光谱参数的研究

用提拉法生长了掺铬、钕的钆镓石榴石(Cr4+, Nd3+∶GGG)晶体, 研究了室温下的吸收光谱和荧光光谱性质, 以及晶体中Cr离子浓度对Nd离子光谱性质的影响. 应用Judd-ofelt理论计算了强度参数Ωt (t=2, 4, 6), 自发辐射跃迁几率、荧光分支比和辐射寿命等光谱参数. 应用McCumber理论计算了4F3/2→4I11/2能级跃迁的受激发射截面. 结果表明 Cr3+在300～900 nm之间较强地增加了吸收截面, 尤其是伴随Cr3+→Nd3+有效的能量转移. Cr4+在1.06 μm附近的吸收减弱了Nd离子的发射截面.     

Ce3+∶YAG闪烁晶体的真空紫外激发光谱特性

掺铈钇铝石榴石(Ce3+∶YAG)晶体是性能优良的闪烁材料. 以同步辐射光源为激发光源研究了单晶Ce3+∶YAG的真空紫外-紫外(VUV-UV)激发光谱和荧光谱. 同时也测量和分析了该晶体的吸收光谱、紫外-可见(UV-VIS)激发光谱和荧光谱.根据光谱测量的结果讨论了激发能在Ce3+∶YAG晶体中的传输过程和在Ce3+离子5d态的直接激发和YAG价带激发下Ce3+∶YAG单晶发光的差别.     

点缺陷引起中子辐照MgO(110)单晶的铁磁性

对MgO(110)单晶进行中子辐照,辐照剂量从1.0 × 10¹⁶到1.0 × 10²⁰ cm^-2。基于黄昆漫散射理论,我们计算了MgO晶体中的立方缺陷和偶极力缺陷引起的X射线漫散射强度分布图。通过X射线漫散射及紫外-可见光(UV-Vis)吸收光谱实验表征了晶体的点缺陷组态,并利用超导量子干涉仪(SQUID)测量了样品的磁性。ω–2θ和摇摆曲线说明MgO单晶经中子辐照后产生了晶格畸变,晶体中存在一定浓度的点缺陷。倒易空间图(RSM)显示中子辐照的MgO单晶存在漫散射现象。与计算得到的漫散射分布图对比分析可知,中子辐照的MgO(110)单晶中产生了弗仑克尔缺陷。UV-Vis吸收光谱表明所有辐照晶体中存在阴离子单空位缺陷。辐照剂量较高(1.0 × 10¹⁹和1.0 × 10²⁰ cm^-2)的样品中存在O空位的聚集。磁性测量显示中子辐照后的MgO(110)单晶在室温下依然是抗磁性,但在低温下具有铁磁性,最大饱和磁化强度达到0.058 emu·g^-1。通过中子辐照的方法,可以使MgO(110)单晶产生点缺陷引起的低温铁磁性。利用F色心交换机制可以解释中子辐照MgO晶体中的O空位缺陷与铁磁性之间的关系。     

掺Er~(3+)重金属氧氟硅酸盐玻璃的光谱性质与Judd-Ofelt理论分析

制备了掺Er3+重金属氧氟硅酸盐玻璃,研究了玻璃的吸收光谱和荧光光谱性质,应用Judd Ofelt理论计算了强度参数Ωt(t=2,4,6)、Er3+离子的振子强度、自发辐射跃迁几率、荧光分支比和辐射寿命等光谱参数。应用McCumber理论,计算了能级4I13 2→4I15 2跃迁的受激发射截面。结果表明:掺Er3+重金属氧氟硅酸盐玻璃具有较宽的荧光半高宽和较大的受激发射截面。对Er3+离子在不同玻璃基质中带宽特性的比较发现,掺Er3+重金属氧氟硅酸盐玻璃的带宽特性与碲酸盐和铋酸盐玻璃相当,大于磷酸盐、锗酸盐和硅酸盐玻璃。     

GdAlO_3:Er~(3+),Yb~(3+)荧光粉的制备与上转换发光性能

采用共沉淀、溶胶-凝胶和固相反应法制备了GdAlO3:Er3+,Yb3+荧光粉.借助X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱、N2-吸附、吸收光谱和荧光光谱等手段研究了不同方法制备的GdAlO3:Er3+,Yb3+荧光粉结构、形貌、表面基团和光吸收及上转换发光性能.结果表明:用共沉淀法比固相反应法和溶胶-凝胶法可以在更温和的条件下制得纯相GdAlO3:Er3+,Yb3+荧光粉,用共沉淀法和溶胶-凝胶法制备的GdAlO3:Er3+,Yb3+荧光粉颗粒都在纳米尺寸,溶胶-凝胶法制得的样品存在相对严重的颗粒团聚现象,而用固相反应法制备的荧光粉为微米级颗粒.GdAlO3:Er3+,Yb3+荧光粉在980 nm激发的上转换发射光谱包含波长为524和546 nm的绿光与659 nm的红光,且三种方法制备的样品绿光发射强度都显著高于红光.不同方法制备的荧光粉上转换发光强度和红光/绿光强度比相差较大,共沉淀法制备的样品上转换发光强度要显著高于固相法以及溶胶-凝胶法制备的样品,而溶胶-凝胶法制备的样品发光中红光/绿光相对强度比最高.红外光谱显示,不同方法制备的GdAlO3:Er3+,Yb3+荧光粉表面OH-、CO32-及CO2官能团含量不同,溶胶-凝胶法制备的样品要明显高些.基于红外光谱、不同Er3+和Yb3+离子掺杂浓度及不同激光功率上转换发光的结果,对Er3+和Yb3+之间的能量传递过程及不同方法制备荧光粉的上转换发光性能进行了讨论.     

Anhydrobiisatic acid 6:12-Oxa-5:6:11:12-tetrahydrophenhomazine-6:12-dicarboxylic acid

Anhydrobiisatic acid (IVa), a new type of compound containing the phenhomazine ring system, has been obtained by self-condensation of isatic acid—(o-aminophenyl)glyoxylic acid—. The structure of this acid has been established and derivatives have been prepared. N:N′-Dimethylanhydrobiisatic acid (IVc) has been resolved into optically active components.     

Acetalation studies-III: synthesis of 1,2:3,4:5,6-tri-O-isopropylidene-galactitol

Treatment of galactitol uith 2,2-dimethoxypropane in dimethylsulphoxide unexpeatedly yields the title triketal, containing a cis-dioxolane ring; the structure of the product has been confirmed by spectral measurements.     

The mass spectrum of 1:12, 2:3, 4:5, 6:7, 8:9, 10:11-hexabenzocoronene

The mass-spectra of 1:12, 2:3, 4:5, 6:7, 8:9, 10:11-hexabenzocoronene and the isomer 1:2, 3:4, 5:6, 7:8, 9:10, 11:12-hexabenzocoronene have been examined. The former is typically that of an aromatic conjugated hydrocarbon and is sparse, the latter is more intense. It is conjectured that the former may be found in interstellar space.     

Light-emitting properties of amorphous Si:C:O:H layers fabricated by oxidation of carbon-rich a-Si:C:H films

Amorphous hydrogenated carbon-rich silicon–carbon alloy film (a-Si_0.3C_0.7:H) was deposited by reactive dc-magnetron sputtering of silicon target in argon–methane gas mixture. As-deposited film exhibits white photoluminescence at room temperature. After the deposition the samples were thermally annealed in dry Ar, wet Ar, or dry O₂ flow at 450 °C for 30 minutes that resulted in the enhancement of the photoluminescence intensity by a factor of about 5, 8 and 12 respectively. Spectral distribution of light emission was almost unchanged at the annealing in dry and wet argon while the oxidation in pure oxygen resulted in strong enhancement of a “blue” shoulder in the spectrum. EPR measurements at room temperature showed the decrease of spin concentration after thermal treatment in dry and wet argon and no EPR signal was detected after annealing in oxygen. FTIR and XPS measurements evidenced the formation of a-Si:O:C:H composite material after dry oxidation. Based on the measurements of photoluminescence in the temperature range 7–300 K it is suggested that light-emitting efficiency of a-Si_0.3C_0.7:H is determined by migration of the photo-excited carriers to non-radiative recombination centers. The physical mechanisms that can be involved in the strong enhancement of visible photoluminescence in Si:C:O:H layers are discussed.     

The structure of a trimolecular liquid: tert-butyl alcohol:cyclohexene:water

The structure of the trimolecular liquid mixture of 2:6:1 cyclohexene, tert-butyl alcohol, and water has been investigated using hydrogen/deuterium substitution neutron scattering techniques, and a three-dimensional structural model refined to be consistent with the experimental data has been built using the technique of Empirical Potential Structure Refinement. The model shows a well-mixed solution of the three molecular components where the competing interactions between the nonpolar cyclohexene and polar water molecules are balanced in the solution leading to largely pure-alcohol-like interactions between the tert-butyl alcohol molecules. Cyclohexene molecules favor direct solvation by alcohol methyl groups while water molecules are accommodated, dispersed throughout the solution, via hydrogen bonding interactions with the alcohol molecule hydroxyl groups. Rare occurrences of direct cyclohexene-water interactions are of the classic hydrophobic hydration type and no evidence is found for microscopic heterogeneity in the trimolecular mixture in contrast to the general findings for binary alcohol-water solutions.     

Yb:Er:Tm:LiTaO3的上转换发白光性能研究

980 nm脉冲激光激发下,首次通过高温固相法制备Yb(10%):Er(1%):Tm(1%):LiTaO3(摩尔分数)多晶粉并实现室温上转换白光.X射线粉末衍射测试结果表明,Yb:Er:Tm:LiTaO3中的掺杂离子并没有改变晶格结构,以取代的方式存在于钽酸锂晶格中.结合功率曲线测试结果和上转换机制研究发现,产生上转换蓝光的Tm3+离子1G4态的布居主要来自双光子同时吸收过程.而单光子上转换输出的红光,则由Tm3+和Er3+离子之间的交叉弛豫过程产生,即3F2/3(Tm3+)+4I15/2(Er3+)→3H6(Tm3+)+4I9/2(Er3+).上转换绿光来源于Yb/Er离子对的二次能量传递.     

Holographic Storage Properties of In：Fe：Mn：LiNbO3 Crystals

In:Fe:Mn:LiNbO3(LN) crystals were grown in air atmosphere by Czochralski method with different concentration of In (0,1,2,3 mol%) in the melts,while the contents of Fe2O3 and MnO were 0.1 and 0.5 mol%,respectively. The location of doping ions was analyzed by Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra and differential thermal analysis. The diffraction efficiency (η),writing time (τw) and erasure time (τe) of the crystals were measured by two-beam coupling experiment. The dynamic range and photorefractive sensitivity have also been calculated. The results showed that with the increase of In ions in the melt,the absorption edge of In:Fe:Mn:LN crystal shifts to the violet firstly and then makes the Einstein shift,the Curie temperature of crystal increases firstly and then decreases,the storage ratio speeds up,diffraction efficiency decreases,and dynamic range and photorefractive sensitivity increase. The mechanism of holographic storage properties of In:Fe: Mn:LN crystal with different doping concentration of In3+ was investigated,suggesting the In: Fe:Mn:LN crystals are excellent holographic storage materiel with better synthetical properties than Fe:Mn:LN crystals.