高纯钛的辉光放电质谱法多元素分析

采用辉光放电质谱法(GD-MS)测定高纯钛中Mg、Al、Cr、Fe、V、Mn、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Sn、Sb、Ta、W、Pb、Bi等痕量杂质元素,并对GD-MS工作参数及条件进行了优化。主要元素与内标校正ICP-MS法定量分析的结果一致,对结果差异的原因进行分析,论述了Element GD辉光放电质谱仪在痕量杂质元素分析方面的优势。     

CCD-ICP-AES内标法同时测定化肥中12种有害元素

研究了采用CCD-ICP-AES同时测定化肥中As、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Hg、Mo、Ni、Pb、Sb、Se和Zn等12种有害元素的方法.采用微波消解法处理样品,加入Y作为内标,消除了化肥基体对测定结果的干扰效应.方法对化肥中各元素的测定回收率在81.6%～120%之间,测定精密度在0.7%～13.8%之间.用该法测定了两种国家标准物质.     

铋膜电极方波吸附溶出伏安法测定纺织品中痕量钴和镍

本文建立了在铋膜修饰电极上采用方波吸附溶出伏安法同时测定纺织品中痕量Co2+和Ni2+的方法.以NH3-NH4Cl作为缓冲液,在丁二酮肟浓度为10 μmol/L的体系中,Co2和Ni2+的还原峰电位分别为-1.13 V和-1.03 V.当缓冲溶液pH为9.2,富集电位为-0.7V,富集时间为200 s时,C02 +和Ni2+在0.5～50 μg/L范围呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数R2＞0.99,其检出限分别为0.79 μg/L和0.96 μg/L,其它金属离子的干扰较小.采用标准加入法测定纺织品中Co>和Ni2+,回收率在94.88％～104.14％之间.     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法在金属材料痕量元素分析中的最新进展

综述了2007年以来氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法在金属材料中痕量元素分析方面的最新进展,重点介绍了氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱分析法在测量As、Sb、Bi、Sn、Pb、Se、Ge、Te、Hg 9种痕量元素中的应用,并展望了该分析技术在未来的发展趋势。     

ICP-AES法测定铜精矿中As、Sb、Bi、Ca、Mg、Pb、Co、Zn和Ni

提出采用ICP-AES法同时测定铜精矿中As、Sb、Bi、Ca、Mg、Pb、Zn、Ni、Co的分析方法:样品经王水 HF HClO4溶液后,直接测定。该方法测定As、Sb、Bi、Ca、Mg、Pb、Zn、Ni、Co的回收率在97.9%~102%之间,相对标准偏差在0.23%~2.5%之间。通过和国家标准物质比对及国家标准分析方法的比对,结果准确可靠,现该方法已用于本公司铜精矿的日常分析。     

粉末压片—X射线荧光光谱法测定土壤中的铜铅锌砷锑钴铬镍等重金属元素

采用粉末压片法制样,使用ZSX PrimusⅡ型X射线荧光光谱仪,对土壤样品中与生命健康和环境污染有直接影响的重金属元素Cu、Pb、Zn、As、Sb、Co、Cr、Ni进行同时测定.选用土壤国家标准物质、以国家标准物质为基体自制校准物质绘制标准曲线,解决了相关标准不足的问题,拓宽了元素测定范围(10~20 000μg/g),重点探讨了As、Sb的测量条件.虽然As、Sb的检出限和准确测定下限较高,但对于土壤质量的评价有重要的参考意义.方法快速、简便、准确.     

萃取分离-ICP-MS测定高纯铝中痕量元素

利用吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸铵(APDC)-CHCl_3萃取分离体系结合ICP-MS对高纯铝中的Co、As、Mo、In、Sn、Sb、Cd、Ag、Pd、Au进行测定,建立了测定高纯铝中痕量元素的方法.实验分别考察了仪器工作参数,萃取酸度,络合剂用量对于杂质元素测定结果的影响,选择了最佳实验条件.各元素的回收率在77.6%～112.2%之间,检出限0.02～0.6 ng/mL,RSD为1.6%～7.2%.     

熔片X射线荧光光谱法测定锡矿石中八种重金属元素

建立了X射线荧光光谱法测定锡矿石中8种重金属元素Fe,Cu,Zn,As,Sn,Sb,Pb,Bi的分析方法。通过固体纯物质机械混合研磨配制了校准曲线所用的标准样品。采用混合熔剂(Li2B4O7:Li BO2:Li F=10:2.5:1,质量比)加氧化剂Li NO3熔融制备了X射线荧光法所用玻璃片样品(混合熔剂:Li NO3:试样=20:3:1质量比)。在高温熔融过程中,易挥发元素As,Pb一直存在于熔体中,未随熔融时间的增加而出现挥发损失。使用外加内标元素法(In和Co)对元素Sn,Sb,Fe的吸收增强效应进行校正,其它元素使用Compton散射线内标法进行校正。采用干扰曲线法校正Pb Lα对As Kα以及Sn Lβ1背景峰对Sb Lα的谱线重叠干扰。各元素检出限分别为Fe 0.0074%,Cu 0.0043%,Zn 0.0025%,As 0.0036%,Sn 0.019%,Sb 0.010%,Pb 0.0039%,Bi 0.0026%。对国家一级标准物质锡精矿GBW07232和锡矿石GBW07281分别进行10次制样测量,各元素精密度(RSD)在0.11%~18%之间。     

基于全反射X射线荧光光谱测定污水痕量重金属元素

以Ga为内标,探究全反射X射线荧光光谱（TXRF）快速测定多质量梯度浓度多元素重金属溶液Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Sn、Sb和Pb的可行性,并以实际生活污水为研究对象,比较分析了离心、过滤和消解3种预处理方式对测定污水中重金属元素的影响。实验结果表明,Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As和Pb,较适宜用TXRF直接进行定量分析;Pb的Lα与As的Kα谱线重叠,致使As的回收率略高于其它元素;Cd、Sn和Sb元素,仅可用于趋势分析。当质量浓度为40和4 mg/L时,Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn和Pb元素呈现出较高的准确度和精密度,回收率在99%～117%之间,相对标准偏差（RSD）处于1%～14%。随着质量浓度的逐渐降低,各元素的准确度和精密度表现出不同程度的下降,当质量浓度处于本次试验的最低水平4μg/L时,大部分元素的回收率与RSD已超出定量分析的要求。通过对生活污水的3种预处理方式进行比较,发现污水悬浮颗粒同样携带部分金属元素,经消解后,Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu和Zn这6种元素的准确度和精密度最好,质量浓度范围在36～152μg/L之间,回收率均...     

电解分离-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定高纯铜中的杂质元素

建立了电解分离-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定纯铜中17种杂质元素(Be,Mg,Al,P,Ti,Cr,Mn,Co,Ni,As,se,Zr,Cd,Sn,Sb,Te和Pb)的方法.通过控制电流分离基体铜,大于99%的铜沉积至阴极,各杂质元素的回收率大于90%.研究了电解后电解液的酸效应、残余铜的影响和基体效应.结果表明,选用合...     

氢化物发生–原子荧光光谱法同时测定锌锭中砷和锑

建立用氢化物发生–原子荧光光度计同时测定锌锭样品中砷和锑含量的方法。采用硝酸一次溶样,加入酒石酸防止锑水解。加入硫脲–抗坏血酸混合溶液作为还原剂和掩蔽剂,消除干扰元素的影响,对实验条件进行了优化。砷和锑的负高压分别为220,200 V,灯电流分别为80,60 mA,还原剂为1%硼氢化钾溶液(含0.5%KOH),载流为10%盐酸溶液,还原时间为30 min。测定砷的线性范围为0~80 ng/mL,相关系数r=0.999 8,检出限为0.35μg/L,测定结果的相对标准偏差为3.18%(n=11);测定锑的线性范围为0~80 ng/mL,相关系数r=0.999 6,检出限为0.42μg/L,测定结果的相对标准偏差为4.32%(n=11),砷和锑的加标回收率在97.46%~100.30%之间。用该方法对标准样品进行测定,测定结果与标准值相符。该方法基体干扰少,灵敏度高,适合于锌锭中砷和锑的日常测定。     

氢化物发生电加热石英管原子吸收法测定包头铁矿中的砷、锑、铋

研究了氢化物发生原子吸收法测定包头矿中痕量砷、锑、铋的分析方法,试验确立了反应条件,建立了以KI、抗坏血酸、硫脲为还原体系,消除试样中共存元素的干扰,利用KMnO4消除锑对砷的干扰.砷、锑、铋的检出限可分别达到:0.15,0.28,0.15 ng/mL.方法已用于包头矿分析.     

Selective determination of trace arsenic and antimony species in natural waters by gas chromatography with a photoionization detector

Traces amounts of arsenic and antimony in water samples were determined by gas chromatography with a photoionization detector after liquidnitrogen cold trapping of their hydrides. The sample solution was treated with sodium hydroborate (NaBH₄) under weak-acid conditions for arsenic(III) and antimony(III) determination, and under strong-acid conditions for arsenic(III+V) and antimony(III+V) determination. Large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water vapor obscured determination of arsine and stibine. Better separation from interference could be achieved by removing CO₂ and water vapor in two tubes containing sodium hydroxide pellets and calcium chloride, respectively. The detection limits of this method were 1.8 ng dm^?3 for arsenic and 9.4 ng dm^?3 for antimony in the case of 100-cm³ sample volumes. Therefore, it is suitable for determination of trace arsenic and antimony in natural waters.     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法同时测定水中砷和锑

建立在硝酸介质中用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法同时测定水中砷和锑的方法。优化了仪器工作条件、酸度、硼氢化钾及还原剂浓度。砷、锑的线性范围为0～10．0μg／L;检出限分别为0．02,0．01μg／L;测定结果的相对标准偏差分别为1．77％～3．72％,2．95％～4．87％（n=6）;加标回收率分别为98％106％,96％105％。该法操作简便,灵敏度高,快速,便于推广,适用于水中砷和锑的同时测定。     

氢化物发生-双道原子荧光光谱法同时测定钢中砷和锑

建立了一种氢化物发生双道原子荧光光谱法同时测定钢中痕量砷和锑的方法．对实验条件进行了优化,在最佳工作条件下,砷和锑的检出限分别为0．012ng／g和0．034ng／g,RSD分别为1．24％和1．97％．将本法应用于钢中的砷和锑的测定,采用加标回收实验控制方法的准确性,砷的回收率为96％～98％,锑的回收率98％～102％．     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法同时测定高纯铟中As、Sb

研究了氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定高纯铟中微量As、Sb元素的条件,选择了适宜的反应条件以及仪器的最佳工作条件,考察了铟基体对被测元素的干扰,采用基体匹配的方法消除干扰,建立了氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定高纯铟中微量的As、Sb的分析方法。As、Sb的检出限分别为0.18和0.28 ng/mL,测定下限为1.2×10-5和1.9×10-5,相对标准偏差分别为1.9%和1.7%,回收率为97.4%和103%,适用于5～6 N高纯铟中微量As、Sb的测定。     

Hydride generation for the direct determination of trace and ultra-trace level of arsenic and antimony in waters using derivative atomic absorption spectrometry

A new method is developed for the direct determination of trace and ultra-trace level of arsenic and antimony in waters by hydride generation derivative atomic absorption spectrometry (DHGAAS). The signal model and fundamentals of DHGAAS are described. The effects of atomization temperature, argon flow rate, acidity and concentration of KBH(4)and KI were investigated and analytical conditions were optimized. The sensitivities for arsenic and antimony were increased 36.4 and 27.6 times better than those of conventional hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (HGAAS). For a 2 mV min(-1) sensitivity range setting, the characteristic concentration was 0.003 microg L(-1) for arsenic and 0.004 microg L(-1)for antimony, and the detection limits (3sigma) were 0.015 micro g L(-1) for arsenic and 0.020 microg L(-1) for antimony. The proposed method was applied to the determination of arsenic and antimony in several water samples with satisfactory results.     

Inter-element interferences in the determination of arsenic and antimony by hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry with a quartz tube atomizer

The interferences between arsenic and antimony on each other during the hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (HGAAS) determination of arsenic and antimony using a quartz tube atomizer (QTA) were examined. In order to eliminate or reduce such interferences by selective heat decomposition of arsine and stibine, a Pyrex adsorption U-tube trap containing glass wool was placed between the drying tube and the quartz tube atomizer. Although at 250 °C stibine decomposes and is held almost completely by the trap, arsine is also decomposed to an extent of 24% and, therefore, thermal decomposition is not useful to eliminate antimony interference on arsenic determination. The effect of coating the glass wool in the U-tube with antimony on the arsenic suppression of the antimony signal was studied. The results showed that the antimony coating in the U-tube could not hold arsenic effectively and its interference on the antimony signal could not be eliminated by this means. In the second part of the study, oxygen was supplied to the quartz tube atomizer during atomization in order to study the effect of supplying oxygen on the antimony signal and on the interference of arsenic in the antimony determination. Sensitivity was increased in the presence of oxygen and interferences of arsenic on antimony determination was decreased by about 10% when oxygen was supplied. It was also observed that the extent of interferences depended mainly on the interferent concentration rather than the analyte concentration.     

双道氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法同时测定核电用钢中痕量砷和锑

建立了双道氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法同时测定核电用钢中痕量砷和锑的新方法。用王水溶解样品,以2.0 g/L L-半胱氨酸溶液作为预还原剂,在低酸度条件下实现对砷、锑的预还原。用20 g/L硼氢化钾溶液作为还原剂,氢化物发生反应在0.5 mol/L乙酸介质中进行。砷、锑的质量浓度在40μg/L范围与相应的荧光强度呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3s/k)分别为0.032μg/L和0.022μg/L。应用此方法同时测定了核电用钢及不锈钢标准样品中的砷锑含量,并与电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法的分析结果作了对比,测定值与标准样品的标准值相符,结果的相对标准偏差(n=8)均小于5.0%。     

Sequential determination of tin, arsenic, bismuth and antimony in marine sediment material by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry using a small concentric hydride generator and L-cysteine as prereductant

A hydride generation system using a small concentric hydride generator combined with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) was established to determine tin, arsenic, bismuth and antimony in a marine sediment material with L-cysteine as a pre-reductant. Influences of concentrations of three kinds of acids (HCl, HNO₃ and HClO₄), L-cysteine, and sodium tetrahydroborate(III) as well as sodium hydroxide were investigated. The interferences from transition ions were found to be insignificant for determination of the four elements in presence of L-cysteine. Under optimized conditions the detection limits were 0.6 ng/mL for arsenic(III), 0.8 ng/mL for antimony(III), 1.7 ng/mL for tin(IV), and 1.2 ng/mL for bismuth(III). The method was applied to determine the four elements in standard marine sediment materials and the results were in agreement with certified values.