HPLC与MALDI-TOF MS联用技术分析蛋黄中的磷脂

蛋黄中含有大量磷脂,其中磷脂酰胆碱(PC)和磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)最为丰富.本研究采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)与基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF MS)联用技术分析了蛋黄中磷脂粗提物.将从蛋黄中提取的多种磷脂通过HPLC预先分离,收集各组分后分别进行MAIDI-TOF MS分析得到比较清晰的质谱图.通过质谱图解析确定了蛋黄中磷脂酰胆碱、神经鞘磷脂(SM)的脂肪酸组成.     

基于超高效液相色谱-高分辨质谱法的油料作物脂质组学分析

针对油料脂质分子众多、结构难识别的难题,采用超高效液相色谱-高分辨质谱对油菜籽、大豆、花生、向日葵籽、玉米5种油料作物中脂质进行分析。使用反相色谱柱ACQUITY UPLC BEH C_(18)(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7μm)分离脂质,超高效液相色谱-高分辨质谱仪(UPLC-Orbitrap Fusion Mass)正、负离子模式下采集Data Dependent MS~2数据,利用二级质谱碎片特征、精确分子质量、保留时间以及数据库匹配对脂质分子进行定性分析,获得脂质分子的唯一结构式。共鉴定出油料作物中132种脂质分子,包括8种甘油二酯(DG)、5种溶血磷脂酰胆碱(LPC)、2种溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺(LPE)、24种磷脂酰胆碱(PC)、18种磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)、8种磷脂酰肌醇(PI)、1种磷脂酰甘油(PG)、1种磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS)以及65种甘油三酯(TG),并使用峰面积比进行相对含量的比较。该方法可以很好地实现脂质成分的分离,将油料作物中脂质成分的分析从脂肪酸分析水平提升到脂质分子层面,为更好地实现油料作物中脂质成分的应用提供了研究基础,并促进了脂质组学的发展。     

UPLC－ESI－Q－TOF MS结合裂解规律分析姜科植物中二苯基庚烷类成分

根据标准品的质谱数据,探讨二苯基庚烷类成分的裂解规律,并利用裂解规律分析姜科植物中的该类成分。采用针泵注射进样,利用高分辨率和高准确性的电喷雾－四极杆－飞行时间质谱（ESI－Q－TOF MS）得到正离子模式下（ESI+）11个标准品的质谱数据。在此基础上,分析标准品的裂解行为,归纳4类二苯基庚烷类化合物的裂解途径,总结出二苯基庚烷类化合物的裂解规律。据此建立快速识别二苯基庚烷类成分的方法,结合超高效液相色谱－电喷雾－四极杆－飞行时间串联质谱（UPLC－ESI－Q－TOF MS）,对姜科植物来源中药姜皮、草果、益智仁中的二苯基庚烷类成分进行识别,从中分别鉴定出14、11、10个此类成分。结果表明,该方法准确、可靠、高效,可快速鉴定和分析姜科植物中的二苯基庚烷类化合物。     

直接进样电喷雾串联质谱法测定草鱼肌肉组织中磷脂

建立了直接进样电喷雾串联质谱测定草鱼肌肉组织中磷脂的方法.以Bligh Dyer法提取总脂质,采用流动注射泵直接进样的方式将样品导人电喷雾离子源,利用串联三重四级杆质谱的母离子扫描和中性丢失扫描功能,通过扫描磷脂的特征性子离子或中性质量丢失实现对磷脂酰胆碱、磷脂酰乙醇胺、磷脂酰肌醇、磷脂酰丝氨酸、磷脂酰甘油和磷脂酸六类磷脂的源内分离和鉴定.结果显示,在-定的浓度范围内,磷脂的浓度与磷脂直接进样电喷雾电离后形成准分子离子的响应值呈现良好的线性关系,回收率(67.1％～96.6％)和精密度可以满足生物样品分析的要求.采用本方法测定了草鱼肌肉组织中磷脂酰胆碱、磷脂酰乙醇胺、磷脂酰肌醇和磷脂酰丝氨酸4类磷脂的分子种及含量.本方法前处理简单,定性和定量分析快速准确,可以应用于其它生物样本脂质组学中磷脂的分析.     

非小细胞肺癌患者尿中Exosomes蛋白质组的差异表达分析

除血浆之外,尿液是另一种寻找潜在生物标志物的重要生物材料。本研究以200000×g超速离心法分离正常人和非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者尿液中的Exosomes,运用1DSDS-PAGE对Exosomes蛋白质组进行分组,从电泳胶上切取正常组和疾病组的20～31kDa条带,胰蛋白酶酶解后,进行HPLC-CHIP-MS/MS分析,并通过UniProtKB/SWISS-PORT数据库搜索鉴定了24种蛋白质,其中在NSCLC患者尿液Exosomes蛋白质组中发现了8种差异表达蛋白,包括免疫球蛋白κ的3个片段、2种Ras相关蛋白、谷胱甘肽S转移酶A2、血清淀粉样P成分前体和磷脂酰乙醇胺结合蛋白1。     

脂质体药用辅料mPEG2000-DSPE的合成

以氧氯化磷、乙醇胺及1,2-二硬脂酸甘油酯为原料,经环合、磷酰化及水解反应制得1,2-二硬脂酰甘油磷酰乙醇胺（DSPE）;在N,N′-羰基二咪唑作用下,DSPE与甲氧基聚乙二醇（mPEG2000）反应合成了1,2-二硬脂酰甘油磷脂酰乙醇胺N-甲氧基聚乙二醇2000（mPEG2000-DSPE）,其结构经¹H NMR, IR和MS（ESI）确证。     

基于超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道离子阱串联质谱的冷链贮藏过程中滩羊肉的脂质组学研究

该文建立了超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道离子阱串联质谱(UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS/MS)结合脂质组学分析滩羊肉在冷链贮藏过程中脂质变化规律和脂质分子碎裂机理的方法。样品经异丙醇提取后,采用质谱全扫描模式和二级扫描模式对目标物质进行定性。共鉴定出48个变化显著性脂质,包括8个脂肪酰基肉碱、23个磷脂酰胆碱(PC)、3个溶血性磷脂酰胆碱(LPC)、13个磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)、1个溶血性磷脂酰乙醇胺(LPE)。含量差异表现为部分PC、PE和脂肪酰基肉碱在前12 d短暂性升高,12 d后开始降低,而LPE和LPC在整个冷链贮藏期间表现为上升趋势。PC、PE和脂肪酰基肉碱短暂性的积累易导致大量的脂质氧化反应,进一步阐明最佳冷链时间为12 d。该方法适用于复杂基质中脂质分子的分离与定量,为肉及肉类产品在冷链贮藏过程中的脂质变化规律研究及质量控制提供了依据。     

基于UPLC-Q/TOF MS技术探讨竹节参总皂苷对HepG2细胞脂质代谢的改善作用

基于细胞代谢组学技术研究竹节参总皂苷改善HepG2细胞脂质代谢的机制。应用棕榈酸和油酸诱导HepG2细胞脂质沉积模型，竹节参总皂苷干预24 h后进行油红O染色和甘油三酯分析。采用改良的Bligh-Dyer法将细胞内源性代谢物分为极性和非极性部位，运用超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱（UPLC-Q/TOF MS）技术检测代谢物，结合多元统计分析和火山图筛选差异代谢物，并富集代谢通路。结果显示，竹节参总皂苷可显著改善HepG2细胞脂质沉积模型的脂质代谢。从极性部位鉴定了34个差异代谢物，主要为脂肪酸和氨基酸类成分；从非极性部位鉴定了28个差异代谢物，主要为磷脂酰胆碱、磷脂酰乙醇胺、神经酰胺类成分。差异代谢物在竹节参总皂苷干预后均有恢复至正常水平的趋势。该研究提示竹节参总皂苷改善HepG2细胞脂质沉积模型的脂质代谢与调控鞘脂代谢、甘油磷脂代谢、脂肪酸代谢、炎症反应密切相关。     

甲氧基聚乙二醇-1,2-二硬脂酰甘油磷酰乙醇胺的合成

以1,2-二硬脂酸甘油酯为原料,依次与三氯氧磷和乙醇胺反应,得到1,2-二硬脂酰甘油磷酰乙醇胺(DSPE),其在N,N’-羰基二咪唑作用下与甲氧基聚乙二醇(mPEG2000)反应,生成甲氧基聚乙二醇2000-1,2-二硬脂酰甘油磷酰乙醇胺(mPEG2000-DSPE)。产物结构经过红外光谱、质谱及核磁氢谱等表征确证。     

高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法分析何首乌中磷脂类化合物

建立了高效液相色谱测定何首乌中磷脂类化合物的新方法.采用Nuclesil100-5色谱柱(250×4.6 mm i.d.5 μm),以甲醇为流动相,流速0.8 mL/min,等度洗脱.蒸发光散射检测器的气体流速1.8 L/min,漂移管温度66℃,进样量15μL.四种磷脂类化合物的线性范围分别为:磷脂酰甘油(PG):0.0388～0.388 mg/mL(r2=0.9991),磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE):0.0500～0.250 mg/mL(r2=0.9996),磷脂酰胆碱(PC):0.0103～0.165 mg/mL(r2=0.9995),溶血磷脂酰胆碱(LPC):0.0103～0.343 mg/mL(r20.9995).该方法应用于首鸟中磷脂类化合物的分析,取得了较好的结果.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.