微生物合成的β-羟基丁酸酯与β-羟基己酸酯共聚物/聚乳酸共混材料(PHBHHx/PLA)的力学性能与生物降解性研究

通过熔融共混法制备了聚乳酸/微生物产β-羟基丁酸酯与β-羟基己酸共聚物的共混物(PLA/PHBHHx)。采用拉伸力学试验研究了共混物的力学性能。通过土壤悬浊培养降解法和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析对共混材料的生物降解性能进行了研究。实验结果表明,随着PHBHHx含量的增加,共混物的拉伸强度和杨氏模量降低,而生物降解速率却显著提高。但是,在175h之前,重量组成比为20/80的共混物降解速率比纯PHBHHx还要快。综合分析表明,共混材料PLA/PHBHHx的重量比为20/80时,具有优良的力学性能和生物降解性。     

PLA,PPC和PHBV共混物的热性能、力学性能和生物降解性能研究

将聚乳酸(PLA)、聚碳酸酯(PPC)及β-羟基丁酸酯与β-羟基戊酸酯共聚物(PHBV)以溶液浇注法制备了各种不同比例的共混膜(60/20/20,40/20/40,40/40/20,20/60/20,20/40/40,20/20/60)。采用示差扫描量热分析(DSC)和热重分析(TG)研究了共混物的热性能,采用万能材料试验机研究了共混物的力学性能,通过土壤悬浊拟环境降解实验和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了共混材料的环境生物降解性能。结果显示,该三元共混体系是部分相容的体系,PLA增加了材料的强度,PPC增加了材料的断裂伸长,PHBV则提高了材料的环境生物降解速率,三者优势互补,是一种有应用前景的生物降解共混体系。     

脂肪族聚碳酸酯(PPC)与聚乳酸(PLA)共混型生物降解材料的热学性能、力学性能和生物降解性研究

通过溶液浇铸法制备了脂肪族聚碳酸酯与聚乳酸的共混物(PPC/PLA).采用示差热分析(DSC)和热重分析(TG)研究了材料的热性能.采用拉伸力学试验研究了共混物的力学性能.通过土壤悬浊拟环境培养降解实验法和扫描电子显微镜分析(SEM)对共混材料的生物降解性能进行了研究.实验结果表明,随着PPC含量的增加,共混物的拉伸强度和杨氏模量降低,而生物降解速率却显著提高.但是,在一定的降解时间内,某些比例共混物的降解速率比100%PPC还要快.综合分析表明,PPC/PLA是力学性能和降解性能可以互补的共混体系.     

聚(β-羟基丁酸酯)和β-羟基丁酸酯-β-羟基戊酸酯共聚物与可生物降解高分子共混改性研究进展

总结了近年来聚(β-羟基丁酸酯)、β-羟基丁酸酶—β-羟基戊酸酯共聚物与可生物降解高分子共混物的相容性、结晶性、热性能、加工性能、力学性能和生物降解性能。通过共混。聚(β-羟基丁酸酯)与—β-羟基丁酸酶卢羟基戊酸酯共聚物的性能得到显著改善。     

聚(β-羟基丁酸酯)和β-羟基丁酸酯-β-羟基戊酸酯共聚物共混改性研究进展

综述了近年来聚(β-羟基丁酸酯)和β-羟基丁酸酯-β-羟基戊酸酯共聚物经共混改性所得到的共混物的相容性、结晶性、热性能、加工性能、力学性能和生物降解性能。     

高强度聚(R-3-羟基丁酸酯-co-R-3-羟基己酸酯)纤维的制备及其力学性能的调节

通过优化聚(R-3-羟基丁酸酯-co-R-3-羟基己酸酯)(PHBHHx)原纤维的制备工艺,采用较低的挤出温度,极大加快了原纤维的结晶速率,缩短了后续加工所需时间.随后通过“等温结晶-拉伸-固定长度退火”的方法制备了力学性能优异的PHBHHx纤维,纤维平均拉伸强度达262 MPa,断裂伸长率大于120％.利用二维X射线衍射和拉曼光谱研究了纤维的晶体结构,结果表明高强度的PHBHHx纤维中晶区和非晶区的分子链都具有很好的取向性,并且纤维中没有形成β晶结构.进一步研究发现通过改变退火工艺,可以很方便地调节纤维的力学性能,使得PHBHHx材料可以广泛应用于不同的领域.     

聚β-羟基丁酸酯/聚氧化乙烯共混体系力学性能研究

本文详细研究了可完全生物降解的聚 β 羟基丁酸酯 (PHB)与水溶性聚氧化乙烯 (PEO)两元共混体系的拉伸力学性能 .讨论了PEO分子量、共混组成及热处理条件对共混体系力学性能的影响 .其中 ,PHB与超高分子量PEO(重均分子量 5× 10 6)共混 ,两组分力学上具有相容性 ,共混物的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率及模量都有明显的正的协同效应 .共混改性效果显著PHB的力学性能得到很大改善 ,尤其PHB的脆性缺陷 .并且 ,共混物在经过适当温度退火处理之后 ,共混物性能还可进一步改善     

生物塑料--聚(β-羟基丁酸酯)的物理改性和化学改性

综述了生物塑料聚(β-羟基丁酸酯)(PHB)近年来在物理改性(共混改性)和化学改性(大分子反应改性和反应性共混改性)方面工作的进展状况。在PHB共混体系中,可解体性共混物和全生物降解性共混物是两类不同的共混体系,后者从长远意义上讲是解决环境污染问题的根本途径,而其现实意义上的用途是在生物医学领域。文章主要对PHB共混体系的相容性、热行为、结晶行为、机械性能和降解性能等方面的规律进行了总结。并指出反应性共混是较佳改善非相容PHB共混体系相容性的方法,而大单体反应改性和反应性共混则是改造PHB,提供新型功能化医用材料的有效手段。这些领域方面的研究代表了PHB改性工作新的发展方向。     

β-羟基丁酸与β-羟基戊酸酯共聚物/有机化蒙脱土纳米复合材料热性能、结晶性能与生物降解性能的研究

采用溶液插层法制备了β-羟基丁酸与β-羟基戊酸酯共聚物(PHBV)有机化蒙脱土(OMMT)的纳米复合材料．用示差热分析(DSC)，热重分析(TG)和偏光显微镜(POM)研究了材料的热性能和结晶行为．通过土壤悬浊降解培养法研究了材料的生物降解性．结果表明，材料的熔点和熔融焓随OMMT含量的增加而降低．OMMT在纳米复合材料中的均匀分散，使材料形成了小尺寸的结晶，并有效降低了PHBV的结晶度，提高了结晶速率．在土壤悬浊液中该材料的生物降解性随着OMMT含量的增加而降低．     

2006年《离子交换与吸附》总目次

第1期微生物合成的β-羟基丁酸酯与β-羟基己酸酯共聚物/聚乳酸共混材料(PHBHHx/PLA)的力学性能与生物降解性研究……………………………………………………………………王淑芳,郭天瑛,杨超(1)活性炭纤维对铂离子的还原吸附特征…………………………………陈水挟,许瑞梅,黄慧星     

THERMAL PROPERTY, MISCIBILITY AND CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR OF POLY（3-HYDROXYBUTYRATE-co- 3-YDROXYHEXANOATE） AND POLY（BUTYLENE SUCCINATE-ADIPATE） （PHBHHX/PBSA） BLENDS

Blends of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx) and poly(butylene succinate-adipate) (PBSA), both biodegradable semicrystalline polyesters, were prepared with the ratio of PHBHHx/PBSA ranging from 80/20 to 20/80 by melt mixing method. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMA), polarizing optical microscopy (POM) and wide angle X-ray diffractometer (WAXD) were used to study the miscibility and crystallization behavior of PHBHHx/PBSA blends. Experimental results indicate that PHBHHx is immiscible with PBSA as shown by the almost unchanged glass transition temperature and the biphasic melt.     

THERMAL PROPERTY, MISCIBILITY AND CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR OF POLY(3-HYDROXYBUTYRATE-co-3-YDROXYHEXANOATE) AND POLY(BUTYLENE SUCCINATE-ADIPATE) (PHBHHX/PBSA) BLENDS

1. INTRODUCTION Biodegradable polymers have received considerable attention in the last two decades due to their potential applications in the fields related to human life such as environmental protection and ecology. According to the difference in the preparation methods, biodegradable polymers can be classified into two types. One is the biosynthetic polymers, such as bacterialpolyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). Among them, the most extensively studied biodegradable thermoplastic polymers ar…     

Preparation and properties of poly(lactic acid)/cellulolytic enzyme lignin/PGMA ternary blends

Poly(lactic acid)-based ternary blends consisting of poly(lactic acid)(PLA),cellulolytic enzyme lignin(CEL),and polyolefine grafting maleic anhydride(PGMA) were prepared by extrusion blending and the mechanical properties and the morphology of the ternary blends were investigated.It was found that the mechanical properties varied with various loading of the components in the blends.Compared to neat PLA,the tensile strength and the Young’s modulus of the ternary blends were decreased,but the elongation at break and the impact strength were effectively improved.Scanning electron microscope observations revealed that the CEL plays a bridging role between PLA and PGMA,enhancing the miscibility between them and resulting in the improvement of ductility and toughness of the ternary blends.Considering the cost and performance,we obtained the optimal blend PLA/CEL/ PGMA(80/20/20,w/w/w),of which the impact strength and the elongation at break were doubled as that of neat PLA,and the tensile strength remained moderate.     

Effect of epoxidized sunflower oil on polylactic acid properties

Epoxidized sunflower oil (ESO) was utilized as a plasticizer for polylactic acid (PLA) using chloroform as a solvent by a solution casting process at various ratios of PLA to ESO. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to identify the functional groups of PLA, ESO, and PLA/ESO blends. Thermal stability and mechanical and morphological properties of the blends were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis, tensile property measurements, and scanning electron microscopy technique, respectively. The FTIR spectra indicate that there are some molecular interactions by intermolecular hydrogen bonding between PLA and ESO. PLA/ESO blends show high thermal stability and significant improvement of mechanical properties compared with pure PLA. The highest elongation at break was obtained when the ratio of the PLA/ESO blend was 80/20. Morphological results of PLA/ESO blends show that ESO was well miscible with PLA.     

Thermal,morphological, mechanical and aging properties of polylactide blends with poly(ether urethane) based on chain-extension reaction of poly(ethylene glycol) using diisocyanate

Poly(ether urethane)s(PEU), including PEUI15 and PEUH15, were prepared through chain-extension reaction of poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG-1500) using diisocyanate as a chain extender, including isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI) and hexamethylene diisocyanate(HDI). These PEUs were used to toughen polylactide(PLA) by physical and reactive blending.Thermal, morphological, mechanical and aging properties of the blends were investigated in detail. These PEUs were partially compatible with PLA. The elongation at break of the reactive blends in the presence of triphenyl phosphate(TPP)for PLA with PEUH15 or PEUI15 was much higher than that of the physical blends. The aging test was carried out at-20 °C for 50 h in order to accelerate the crystallization of PEUs. The PEUs in the PLA/PEU blends produced crystallization and formed new phase separation with PLA, resulting in the declined toughness of blends. Fortunately, under the aging condition,although PEUH15 in blends could also form crystallization, the reactive blend of PLA/PEUH15/TPP(80/20/2) had higher toughness than the other blends. The elongation at break of PLA/PEUH15/TPP(80/20/2) dropped to 287% for the aging blend from 350% for the original blend. The tensile strength and modulus of PLA/PEUH15/TPP blend did not change obviously because of the crystallization of PEUH15.     

Effect of Compatibilizer and Nucleation Agent on the Properties of Poly(lactic acid)/Polycarbonate (PLA/PC) Blends

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and polycarbonate (PC) blends were prepared by melt processing with a twin-screw extruder. Ethylene-maleic anhydride-glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer (EMG) as compatibilizer and talc as nucleation agent were added in PLA/PC blends. The effect of EMG and talc on the mechanical properties including tensile, flexural, Izod notched impact properties and heat deflection temperature (HDT) of PLA/PC blends were investigated. The morphologies were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The crystalline behavior of PLA/PC blends was analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The nanoscale mechanical properties of PLA/PC blends were investigated by atomic force microscope (AFM). The results showed that the addition of EMG and talc simultaneously with annealing treatment is the most effective process.